2025-2026年台湾桃园初一下册期末英语试卷

1、--- This dress looks too old-fashioned.

--- No. It’s ____ old. It suits you well.

A. far from B. free from

C. absent from D. apart from

2、Maybe all Americans realize that _______ will be the next president will face masses of problems.

A．who

B．whoever

C．whomever

D．no matter who

3、You _________ me about it earlier, but you didn't.

A.should have told B.would have told

C.must have told D.should tell

4、Although “all-round educational development” has been advocated in China for years, students are still________ mainly by their test scores.

A. evaluated B. determined C. educated D. instructed

5、The uncontrolled emotional reaction of the nation to Lincoln’s death was incredible and demonstrated the high esteem________ he was held.

A.whom B.for whom

C.which D.in which

6、There is no greater love than________ who lays his life for his friends.

A.that of a man B.a man

C.that of a man’s D.a man’s

7、Jack failed to finish his project on time. If he me about it, I would have given him a hand.

A. tell   B. told

C. had told D. would tell

8、________is often the case, people stare at their phones while sitting on the bus.

A．That

B．It

C．That

D．As

9、_______ with the severe situation, the expert suggested the market referred to at once.

A.Facing; be shut down B.Faced; being shut down

C.To Face; being shut down D.Faced; be shut down

10、Governments of some countries see it as their responsibility ________ the amount and kind of risk their citizens are exposed to.

A.controls B.controlled C.has controlled D.to control

11、I am very outgoing and have learned to ______ to my disability.

A.adopt B.adapt C.suit D.accustomed

12、I was being _____ for a driving license for the third time.

A.desired B.tested C.taken D.asked

13、As the news report _______ it, China’s effective measures had led to positive results in reducing the novel corona virus （新冠病毒）outbreak nationally.

A.put B.quit C.read D.shut

14、Nowadays many companies make it________for every job applicant to take a physical examination before they are employed.

A.incredible B.compulsory C.transparent D.controversial

15、It is ________ practice to bring a present to the hostess when one is invited to dinner.

A.common B.ordinary C.general D.usual

16、Running a marathon in Yancheng is a fantastic experience, _______ will be fresh in your memory for ever.

A．one

B．it

C．the one

D．one that

17、Architects preferred _______ buildings with more light, which_______ with the heaviness of the Gothic cathedrals of the Middle ages.

A.to design, contrasts B.designing, contrasting

C.to design, to contrast D.designing, contrasted

18、The film brought the hours back to me _____ I was taken good care of in that far-away village.

A.when B.which C.that D.what

19、_______ with heavy loads of school work ______ he became an easy target of the flu.

A. So tired was the student; that B. So tired the student was; that

C. Tired as the student was; which D. The student was so tired; which

20、Compared to English, Spanish is a _______ easy language to learn.

A.rapidly B.relatively C.regularly D.respectively

21、The secretary made a note of it _____ she should forget.

A.in order that B.in case

C.so that D.ever when

22、One night, at about midnight, I ______ the sky for about an hour. The stars were shining like diamonds.

A．have watched

B．had watched

C．watch

D．watched

23、_____ is often the case, we have worked out the production plan.

A. Which   B. When   C. What   D. As

24、I hurried to the meeting hall, only______ that the meeting had been put off.

A.to tell B.to be told C.telling D.told

25、The data shows the situations of the world economy,__________careful observation and detailed studies.

A.in the name of B.on the basis of

C.at the cost of D.in charge of

26、   The way of greeting someone comes in different forms. Kissing and hugging are normal in some European and Arab countries. Maoris in New Zealand greet each other by rubbing against their noses. However, the most common physical way of greeting people nowadays is handshake. It has become so ubiquitous that you may never have thought about its origins. It's like a part of human nature.

The modern handshake as a form of greeting is hard to trace. The Quakers are traditionally seen as originators. But as Dutch sociologist Herman Roodenburg——the chief authority for the history of handshaking一wrote in his publication A Cultural History of Gesture, "More than in any other field, the study of gesture is one in which the historian has to make the most of only a few clues. " Another well-known evidence of the early tradition of shaking hands took place in the early 17th century. A Scotsman living in England, named James Cleland, suggested that the practice of the u good old Scottish shaking of the two right hands” should be observed, instead of things like bowing down to everyone's shoes and kissing hands.

If you ask why shaking hands is the most preferred way of greeting over other gestures, the most well-known explanation is that handshaking prevents the right hand from holding a weapon. In the 19th century it was argued that shaking hands without removing gloves was quite rude and required an immediate apology.

Shaking hands seems like a gesture that has been around forever. However, in 1880's France, a society had been formed to abolish the handshake as a 'vulgar" English novelty. And now in the US that gesture may fall away in favor of the fist hump. While the fist bump is a cooler way to greet someone, the reason may have been more practical. According to survey participants, they did not want to shake hands because they were afraid of catching and spreading germs（细菌）.

【1】Which of the following can best explain "ubiquitous” underlined in paragraph 1 ?

A.Curious. B.Obvious. C.Common. D.Shallow.

【2】What does paragraph 2 mainly discuss about the modern handshake?

A.The importance. B.The history.

C.The feature. D.The classification.

【3】Why did people shake hands using right hands according to the most famous explanation?

A.For convenience. B.For politeness.

C.For enjoyment. D.For safety.

【4】What can be inferred from the last paragraph?

A.Everyone doesn't fall in love with the handshake.

B.The root of handshake is lost in the sands of time.

C.It might seem like shaking hands is an ancient custom.

D.A handshake is among the most common ways to greet others.

27、   As Artificial Intelligence (AI) becomes increasingly advanced, there are growing concerns that robots could become a threat. This danger can be avoided, according to computer science professor Stuart Russell, if we figure out how to turn human values into a programmable code.

Russell argues that as robots take on more complicated tasks, it’s necessary to translate our morals into AI language. For example, if a robot does chores around the house, you wouldn’t want it to put the pet cat in the oven to make dinner for the hungry children. “You would want that robot preloaded with a good set of values,” said Russell.

Some robots are already programmed with basic human values. For example, mobile robots have been programmed to keep a comfortable distance from humans. Obviously there are cultural differences, but if you were talking to another person and they came up close in your personal space, you wouldn’t think that’s the kind of thing a properly brought-up person would do.

If only we can find a way to set out human values as clear rules, it will be possible to create more developed moral machines. Robots could also learn values from drawing patterns from large sets of data on human behavior. They are dangerous only if programmers are careless.

One simple check would be to program a robot to check the correct course of action with a human when presented with an unusual situation. If the robot is unsure whether an animal is suitable for the microwave, it has the opportunity to stop, send out beeps(嘟嘟声), and ask for directions from a human. If we humans aren’t quite sure about a decision, we go and ask somebody else.

The most difficult step in programming values will be deciding exactly what we believe in moral, and how to create a set of moral rules. But if we come up with an answer, robots could be good for humanity.

【1】What does the author say about the threat of robots?

A. It may put the pet cat in the oven to make dinner for the hungry children.

B. It would become too smart to follow human’s order.

C. It has become an unavoidable danger as technology develops.

D. It can be avoided if human values are translated into their language.

【2】How do robots learn human values?

A. By picking up patterns from data on human behavior.

B. By following the daily routines of human beings.

C. By interacting with humans in daily life.

D. By imitating the behavior of human beings.

【3】What can we do to create more developed moral robots?

A. Program robots with basic human values.

B. Change human values into clear rules.

C. Improve human’s programming ability.

D. Take the unusual situations seriously.

【4】What is the author’s attitude towards robots in the future?

A. optimistic. B. pessimistic. C. worried. D. indifferent.

28、Earth is far more alive than we previously thought, according to “deep life” studies that reveal a rich ecosystem beneath our feet that is almost twice the size of all the world’s oceans. Despite extreme heat, no light and intense pressure, scientists estimate it has between 15 billion and 23 billion tonnes of microorganisms. “It’s like finding a whole new reservoir (储藏) of life on Earth,” said Karen Lloyd an associate professor at the University of Tennessee.

Results suggest 70 percent of Earth’s bacteria and archaea exist in the subsurface. One organism found 2.5 kilometers below the surface has been buried for millions of years and may not rely at all on energy from the sun. Also, the methanogen (产甲烷菌) has found a way to create methane in this environment, which it may not use to reproduce or divide, but use to replace or repair broken parts. Lengths of their lives were completely different. Some microorganisms have been alive for thousands of years, barely moving except with shifts in earthquakes or eruptions. They’re just active inside, with less energy than people thought possible to support life.

The team consists of 1,200 scientists from 52 countries in disciplines ranging from geology and microbiology to chemistry and physics. A year before the conclusion of their study, they will present the findings before the American Geophysical Union’s annual meeting opens this week, which they say are made possible by technical advances on drills and microscopes.

The scientists have been wondering about the point beyond which life cannot exist, but the deeper they dig, the more life they find. There is a temperature maximum—currently 122℃—but they believe this record will be broken if they keep exploring and developing more advanced instruments.

Questions remain, including how the microbes interact with chemical processes, and what this might reveal about how life and Earth coevolved.

【1】What do the scientists find about the underground organisms?

A．They can t reproduce and divide.

B．They’re the oldest living things.

C．Some of them consume no energy.

D．Some of them almost always keep still.

【2】What can we learn about the research from paragraph 3?

A．It lasts for around one year.

B．It involves efforts from multiple fields.

C．It promotes technical development.

D．It is conducted in 52 countries.

【3】Why does the scientists drill deep?

A．To break their previous record.

B．To find the depth limit of life.

C．To discover more ancient microorganisms.

D．To detect the highest subsurface temperature.

【4】What is the purpose of writing the text?

A．Earth’s Depths Are Full of Life.

B．Organisms Live Better Underground.

C．Earth Is Far Beyond Human Exploration.

D．Subsurface Life Differs from That on Land.

29、Most parents are horrified the first time they catch their kid out in a lie. Just how worried should you be if your little one has started lying, and how can you encourage them to tell the truth?

According to child and teen psychiatrist Gayani DeSilva, MD, lying can actually be a sign of healthy development in young children.

“Kids lie for many reasons, and much of it is normal.” DeSilva says. “People are not born with the tools of interacting with others and getting their needs met. They must learn how to communicate those needs in appropriate ways, and they’ll experiment with different communication techniques until they find the ones that work best for them. Lying is one of those techniques.”

For instance, at age two or three, kids may lie as they experiment with pushing limits to see what behaviors are acceptable and what aren’t. As kids get older, they become more aware of how their actions affect others. Many lie less frequently because they know it could hurt someone else’s feelings or trust. Teens were most likely to consider lying an acceptable behavior if it was to help somebody or keep a personal secret, but not if it was likely to cause harm to somebody.

Just because lying is, in most cases, normal, doesn’t mean it should be ignored. If you know your child is lying, what should you do? When a child lies, look at them directly and ask, “What do you need?” After they tell you, gently remind them that telling you directly will be more effective than lying.

Also, it’s a good idea to model the behavior you want to see in your kids. In other words, don’t lie to your children. This will set you and your children on a course of open communication, trust, and satisfaction that needs and wants are understood and met.

Generally, a child who is neglected will lie more than a child who has attentive and responsive parents. By paying attention to the reasons behind a small lie, parents can figure out if there’s a need that’s not being met.

【1】Why do kids lie according to DeSilva?

A．To get their needs met.

B．To improve their communication skills.

C．To avoid hurting someone else’s feelings.

D．To be aware of how their actions affect others.

【2】Why do kids lie less frequently as they grow older?

A．They think lying limits their behaviors.

B．They realize the negative effects of lying.

C．They consider lying an acceptable behavior.

D．They want to help people who are neglected.

【3】What are parents advised to do concerning their kids lying?

A．Give them whatever they need.

B．Pretend not to notice their lies.

C．Set a good example to them.

D．Remind them not to lie again.

【4】What does the author think of kids lying?

A．Acceptable and appropriate.

B．Harmful and worrying.

C．Normal and understandable.

D．Healthy and effective.

【5】Which of the following statements is wrong?

A．DeSilva considers it normal for kids to tell lies

B．Neglected needs may be the reason for telling lies.

C．Teens think that lying is acceptable if it is to help others or keep a secret.

D．Telling lies is not a healthy development in chidren’s growth.

30、   Agung was a flight controller in the city of Palu.On September 28, he was______at the control tower at the Palu-Mutiara airport, when a(n)______hit the island.Walls shook violently and buildings fell apart.

Other airport employees______withdrew from the control tower, but Agung knew that one plane, with 147 passengers, still needed to be______.He waited to make sure the plane successfully______and was safe in the air before trying to save his own life. His last words were"Batik 6321 clear for take-off.”

After that last______, he felt the tower starting to______.A few more seconds,the tower would fall down. Agung took the______of jumping out of the window from the fourth floor.He broke his legs and had______injuries.With the airport largely______, hours passed before a helicopter could arrive.He was______ to a major hospital for further treatment, but it was too______.He died shortly after arrival.

The______of the last plane, Ricosetta Mafella of Batik Airways, had no______what was happening on the island he had just______until his plane was in the air.It was then that the pilot______what the flight controller might face.He became______about the controller's safety.Later, he knew other air traffic controllers had asked Agung to______the tower.But he chose to remain at his post.

Agung showed us all what real______ and love mean for others.He has been highly praised as a hero after ____ his life at the age of 21.

【1】A. wandering B. sleeping C. reading D. working

【2】A. bomb B. earthquake C. storm D. typhoon

【3】A. partly B. hurriedly C. regularly D. hardly

【4】A. canceled B. cared C. guided D. declared

【5】A. take off B. take up C. take over D. take on

【6】A. comment B. explanation C. instruction D. emergency

【7】A. split B. burst C. explode D. shake

【8】A. place B. responsibility C. charge D. risk

【9】A. mental B. serious C. little D. slight

【10】A. controlled B. surrounded C. disabled D. flooded

【11】A. pushed B. driven C. rushed D. loaded

【12】A. late B. painful C. urgent D. terrible

【13】A. controller B. passenger C. steward D. pilot

【14】A. regret B. doubt C. preparation D. idea

【15】A. left B. visited C. approached D. passed

【16】A. remembered B. showed C. appreciated D. realize

【17】A. optimistic B. worried C. indifferent D. doubtful

【18】A. get rid of B. get away from C. get through D. get over

【19】A. bravery B. trust C. determination D. generosity

【20】A. saving B. killing C. sacrificing D. neglecting

31、A daughter complained to her father about her life and how things were so hard for her. She did not know how to _______ and want to give up. It seemed as one problem was solved. a new one_______.

Her father took her to the kitchen. He filled three pots with water and placed each on a high fire. Soon the pots came to a(n)_______ . In one he placed carrots, the second eggs, and the last ground coffee beans. He let them _______ and boil, without saying a word.

The daughter sucked her teeth and impatiently waited. In about twenty minutes he turned off the _______ . He fished the carrots out and placed them in a bowl. He pulled the eggs out and placed them in a bowl. Then he_______   the coffee out and placed it in a mug. Turning to her he asked, "Darling, what do you see?”

“Carrots, eggs, and coffee." she replied.

He brought her closer and asked her to_______the carrots, she did and noted that they were soft. He then asked her to take an egg and break it. After _______ the egg, she observed the hard-boiled egg. Finally, he asked her to sip the coffee. She _______ , as she tasted its rich fragrance.

“What does it mean. Father?” she asked.

He explained that each of them had faced the same________boiling water, but each reacted________.The carrot went in strong, and hard. But after being subjected (to the boiling water, it softened and became weak. The egg had been ________. Its thin outer shell had protected its liquid interior, but after sitting________ the boiling water, its inside became hardened. The ground coffee beans were ________,however. After they were in the boiling water, they had changed the water.

“Which are you?” he asked his daughter.

When adversity (逆境) knocks on your door, how do you________? Are you a carrot, an egg or a coffee bean?

【1】

A．make it

B．catch it

C．make up

D．catch up

【2】

A．mattered

B．arose

C．boosted

D．ceased

【3】

A．boil

B．pause

C．end

D．stop

【4】

A．stand

B．fall

C．sit

D．jump

【5】

A．water

B．light

C．tap

D．burners

【6】

A．brought

B．cleared

C．spooned

D．carried

【7】

A．roast

B．feel

C．squeeze

D．smell

【8】

A．shelling

B．covering

C．frying

D．laying

【9】

A．cried

B．sniffed

C．smiled

D．complained

【10】

A．adversity

B．dilemma

C．thing

D．occasion

【11】

A．fiercely

B．calmly

C．commonly

D．differently

【12】

A．soft

B．fragile

C．weak

D．strong

【13】

A．through

B．over

C．in

D．front

【14】

A．similar

B．usual

C．original

D．unique

【15】

A．avoid

B．answer

C．reflect

D．respond

32、   It was 5:45 a. m. in March, and physician Michael Shannon was driving along the Coast Highway to meet a friend. As he______toward Dana Point Harbor, a blanket of white suddenly ______ his sight. A truck had pulled onto the road in front of him. The physician had no time to______.

“I remember the sound of breaking glass, and then everything______. I was sitting still.” he says. Shannon remained conscious during the crash. He sensed something burning. But he was______beneath the twisted dashboard(仪表盘).

Help arrived almost immediately; a team from the Orange County Fire Department was on the scene in less than ten______. Paramedic (护理人员) Chris Trokey could see how______it was. The whole front end of the SUV was crashed under the body of the truck. He could see a small red flame, but he knew it could______within minutes. The man inside the vehicle appeared unusually______. “He wasn’t yelling,” says Trokey. “He was saying, ‘Get me out of here.’”

The firemen______the engine fire at once and the Chevy Suburban was finally opened. As he sat with him in the back of the ambulance(救护车), the crash victim’s name—Michael Shannon______his attention.

The paramedic______, could this be the same -man who had saved his own life 30 years ago? The______who slept by Trokey’s side in the hospital until he was well enough to go home? As Trokey sat with Shannon, the feeling of______grew stronger.

In June 1986, Chris Trokey entered the world ten weeks early and only had a 50-50 chance of______. It was doctor Shannon who had given the baby a second life. Chris continued to be Shannon’s patient until he was in his teens.

Now, 30 years later, Chris Trokey stayed by Shannon’s side. “Do you remember me at all? You stayed with me when I was really little,” asked Trokey,

Shannon recognized Chris at once______Chris looked nothing like the______baby he had once been.

How______! Each of them says this feeling—of having someone enter your life at an extremely______time and watch over you until you are well, of giving a gift without______and then getting it back when you need it most-has given him faith in a higher power.

【1】A.headed B.walked C.ran D.wandered

【2】A.lost B.interrupted C.appeared D.covered

【3】A.reply B.remind C.reflect D.react

【4】A.left B.moved C.returned D.stopped

【5】A.trapped B.found C.rescued D.packed

【6】A.seconds B.minutes C.hours D.days

【7】A.serious B.clear C.practical D.attractive

【8】A.disappear B.split C.start D.explode

【9】A.worried B.annoyed C.calm D.angry

【10】A.gave out B.put out C.sent out D.brought out

【11】A.focused B.paid C.escaped D.caught

【12】A.found B.believed C.wondered D.noticed

【13】A.parent B.nurse C.doctor D.driver

【14】A.recognition B.satisfaction C.inspiration D.occupation

【15】A.assistance B.survival C.success D.ambition

【16】A.although B.when C.because D.unless

【17】A.strong B.sacred C.sick D.noble

【18】A.uncomfortable B.unlucky C.unfortunate D.unbelievable

【19】A.usual B.critical C.spare D.casual

【20】A.decorations B.techniques C.expectations D.comments

33、   Honesty is always the best policy. Though lying often allows one to escape punishment for the moment, the ______ will always come out. In most situations, one will _______ that lying does not offer the same long-term benefits (好处) as honesty does.

Sometimes people lie for the purpose of being ______. For example, my cousin Joanne was ______ to her friend’s birthday party and she asked for my ______ on her dress. In fact, her dress was terrible, but I ______ and told her that the dress was beautiful. How could I ______ her excitement over the dress? Looking back at that moment, I probably should have told her the truth, considering that the guests ______ her.

After that I realized the ______ of telling the truth. My brother once helped his best friend cheat on a ______ test. That night, he told me what happened at school. I was very ______ and asked him to say sorry to his math teacher immediately ______ he went to school the next day______, the teacher only forced the two boys to take the test again. If my brother had not followed my ______, he might have been kicked out of school. ______, my brother’s behavior sets a good example for his friend. So he ______ his friend and helped him avoid serious punishment.

In some cases, lying seems to be ______. For example, how can one ______ to young children what has happened when they lose one of their family members? Lying seems kind, but if one lies to children, they may feel more ______ when they discover the facts. Therefore, it is important for each of us to be ______ anytime.

【1】A.answer B.reason C.truth D.result

【2】A.find B.mean C.imagine D.include

【3】A.active B.polite C.fair D.silent

【4】A.sent B.forced C.rushed D.invited

【5】A.opinion B.decision C.information D.instruction

【6】A.stopped B.arrived C.smiled D.appeared

【7】A.hide B.ruin C.control D.cause

【8】A.cared about B.looked after C.depended on D.laughed at

【9】A.danger B.purpose C.importance D.possibility

【10】A.math B.history C.spelling D.listening

【11】A.shy B.proud C.angry D.excited

【12】A.since B.when C.though D.before

【13】A.Clearly B.Painfully C.Strangely D.Luckily

【14】A.rule B.advice C.example D.timetable

【15】A.So far B.However C.Besides D.As usual

【16】A.saved B.missed C.believed D.refused

【17】A.difficult B.unusual C.interesting D.necessary

【18】A.prove B.explain C.report D.suggest

【19】A.relaxed B.impatient C.confident D.surprised

【20】A.honest B.brave C.kind D.careful

34、

Rapidly advancing technology and its impact on education has been a subject of debate. How can schools equip students with the skills they need to succeed in a challenging job market?

Since technology is driving these changes, there is a theory that governments should keep focusing on STEM subjects. These are often referred to as “hard skills,” which are 【1】 in primary school and right through to university level. In the meantime, ‘soft skills’ are being 【2】.

This is a mistake. Much evidence suggests that soft skills are far more 【3】 to graduates in the long term. Research from Harvard University on the global job market has shown that STEM- related careers grew strongly between 1989 and 2000 but have slowed down since. In contrast, jobs in the creative industries----the sector probably most 【4】 with the need for soft skills---are growing rapidly. Soft skills are, in fact, increasingly in demand in the workplace: Google cites creativity, leadership 【5】 and communication skills as top requirements for both potential and current employees.

So why are soft skills so highly 【6】 for?

With the rapid evolution of technology, a focus on hard skills leaves students 【7】 to change, as these often have a short shelf life. According to research by World Economic Forum, more than one in four adults reports a mismatch between their skills and those needed for their job role. If soft skills are taught well, these skills should enable students to adapt to change more easily and progress further in their 【8】 career.

Of course, technical skills are important. But without the curriculum placing equal--- if not greater --- 【9】 on soft skills, our education systems are missing a huge trick. Hard skills may help a student get a job in a particular industry, but soft skills will help them disrupt it, achieving a wider 【10】 in their chosen field.

35、I have a muscle disease but I don't look any different from other people. Sometimes, I was too weak【1】 go to school so my education suffered. Every time I returned after an【2】(absent), I felt stupid because I was behind the others.

My life is a lot easier at high school because few fellow students make me【3】(annoy). My ambition is to work for a firm【4】develops computer software when I grow up. Last year I invented a computer football game and a big company has decided to buy it from me. I have a very busy life with no time to sit around【5】(feel) sorry for myself. As well as going to the movies and football matches with my friends. I spend a lot of time looking after my pets【6】(proper) but I find it worthwhile.

In many ways my disability has helped me grow stronger psychologically and become more【7】 (independence). I have to work hard to live a normal life but it has been worth it. If【8】(have) a chance to say one thing to healthy children, it would be this: having a disability does not mean your life is not satisfying. So don't feel sorry for the disabled or make fun【9】them, and don't ignore them either. Just accept them for who they are, and give them encouragement to live【10】rich and full a life as you do.

36、Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

AI artwork sells for $432,500 — nearly 45 times its high【1】 — as Christie’s becomes the first auction house to offer a work of art created by an algorithm. This portrait, however, is not the product of a human mind. It was created by an【2】 intelligence, an algorithm defined by that algebraic formula with its many parentheses. And when it went under the【3】 in the Prints & Multiples sale at Christie’s on 23-25 October, Portrait of Edmond Belamy sold for an【4】 $432,500, signaling the arrival of AI art on the world auction stage.

From a distance, Portrait of Edmond de Belamy looks almost plausible. Up close, however, the paintwork becomes a grid of mechanical-looking dots, the man’s face a golden blur with black holes for eyes. Look into those eyes. They show no sign of feeling or life. Did a computer make this?

The answer is yes. The first artwork【5】 by AI to be sold at Christie’s, its【6】 price would seem to suggest that in future we will get computers to make art for us. Robot van Gogh will harmlessly cut its ear off and robot Picasso will be a genius.

Is this the future AI art visionaries such as the French collective Obvious, which programmed this “painter” by getting it to compare its own work with 15,000 pre-20th century portraits, have in mind? Or are they just, God forbid, making a fast buck from deceivable art collectors? Because believing the algorithm that knocked this up to be in any meaningful way an “artist” is like thinking your voice-interaction programme is out to get you. Dream on. Computers would need to replicate human consciousness before they could replicate the funny thing humans do called “art”.

Art is a way in which human 【7】 expresses itself, and is equally true of the earliest cave art, Rembrandt’s portraits and Duchamp’s urinal. And that is what is missing from Portrait of Edmond Bellamy. Art is a way humans communicate ideas, perceptions and feelings to each other. It has no 【8】 outside the human passion to communicate. So in what meaningful sense can an AI replica of certain【9】 traits of old master paintings be called art?

For a robot to really make art, it would need an autonomous mind that was emotional as well as【10】. No AI developer has yet claimed to be anywhere near achieving that and if they ever do, their creation will probably have better things to do than paint portraits — like destroy humanity.

Maybe afterwards robots will invent their own kind of art, but it won’t be some poor pastiche of human genius.

It will be beyond anything we organics could imagine.

37、Directions: Complete the following passages by using the words in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

Why Cold weather Causes So many Flight Cancellation?

Each year, about 60,000 flights get canceled because of bad winter weather, which costs airlines and airports an estimated $3 billion. But it’s not the freezing cold temperatures that cause problems for planes. After all, 【1】 jets fly 10 kilometers up, where temperatures hover around -50 degrees Celsius.

In fact, planes 【2】 in cold weather, since cold air is denser and leads to better thrust. Clearly, the real problem isn’t what’s going on up there. It’s what’s happening on the ground.

When a 【3】 polar vortex (极地涡旋) struck the Midwestern US in January 2019, temperatures dropped to -40 degrees Celsius and airline canceled 3,000 flights nationwide. In these situations, when temperatures start 【4】, everything slows down. Cargo doors can freeze up, along with the nozzles that pump fuel into planes, which delays the 【5】 process.

Even the plane itself can freeze over. Just a quarter-inch - thick layer of ice on a plane can disrupt the way air flows over its wings.

Les Westbrooks: The number one reason, I would say, that the reason flights get delayed in cold weather is going to be because there’s some kind of frozen precipitation, from frost to snow to a sheet of ice, adhering to the aircraft, adhering to the wings of the aircraft 【6】.

That’s Les Westbrooks, a retired airline pilot and an associate professor of aeronautical science at Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University. He says that 【7】, these planes are “de-iced” - but this also delays takeoff. The crew can spray the plane with a special hot water/ glycol mixture. It can take around 40 minutes to de-ice large passenger airplanes, so planes often have to wait “their turn” for the de-icing station, which, of course, can trigger more delays.

And ice on the runway, of course, creates another set of 【8】. In 2014, a plane at JFK skidded off an icy runway and into a mound of snow, leading to an hours-long shutdown at the airport. And even though crews can remove ice from the runway, scraping it off the pavement can lead to potholes (坑洞) and other 【9】, which makes takeoffs and landings more dangerous. And of course, snow and freezing rain on the ground can affect visibility to the point where officials have to decide it’s not safe to fly at all.

But if ice and snow aren’t the problem in these extremely cold temperatures, it’s usually another factor: people.

Les Westbrooks: The airplane flies at high altitudes, -60 degrees. It’s made to do that. Humans are not made to be outside in -60 degrees weather. And so the human factor becomes a big, big factor, when it becomes extremely cold.

Baggage handlers, aircraft fuelers, and mechanics all have to stay warm. Some airports, like O’Hare in Chicago, set up heated shelters for their employees. Of course, with everyone taking breaks to warm up, not as much gets done, which leads to even more delays and cancellations. Passengers start missing their 【10】 flights, and that, along with passengers who can’t make it to the airport due to bad road conditions, leads to half-empty planes.

In fact, many airlines might preemptively cancel flights before bad weather even hits. So, in the end, you can still blame cold weather for cancelling your flight.

38、假定你是李华，你的美国朋友Jim就读于合肥某国际李校。他想了解中国文化，特别是戏曲文化。7月5日下午3:00在合肥大剧院将上演黄梅戏《天仙配》。请你根据以下提示，用英语给Jim写一封电子邮件，邀请他一起观看演出。

•提出邀请并简述原因；

•简介《天仙配》（Marriage of the Fairy Princess）；

•请求对方回复。

注意：1.词数100左右；

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

3.开头和结尾已给出，但不计入总词数。

Dear Jim,

How is it going?

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Yours,

Li Hua

39、近年来，随着科技的发展，可用于学习的电子产品也越来越多，学生的汉字书写能力大大降低。假定你是校书法协会的会长，为了让同学们重视书写，你打算向校报“英语天地”栏目投稿，写一封倡议书，内容包括：1.减少对电子产品的依赖，多动手记笔记； 2.养成练书法和写日记的习惯。

Dear students,

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40、假定你是李华，你将参加下个月在上海举办的英语演讲比赛。你在资料搜集，语言运用和吸引观众的注意力等方面遇到了困难。请你根据以下内容给外国网友Jack写一封电子邮件，内容包括：

1. 询问他的学习情况；

2. 描述你的困难；

3. 请求他的帮助

注意：1. 词数80左右；

2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

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41、假设你是红星中学高二学生李华。请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，为校刊“英语角” 投稿，记述上周端午节时，你和父母去看望爷爷奶奶，并学习了包粽子的整个过程。

注意：1.词数不少于 60； 2.开头已给出。

During Dragon Boat Festival holiday, my parents and I went to see my grandparents. We enjoyed our family time together.

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