2025-2026学年湖南郴州高三(上)期末试卷英语

1、—Has James arrived at the hotel?

—No, he ______ by fans for photographs at the airport.

A．has surrounded

B．would surround

C．was surrounded

D．is being surrounded

2、 a great many people like the convenience of using WeChat to communicate with each other, too many junk messages on it may make them bored.

A．While

B．When

C．As

D．Since

3、He is sure to pass the test, for he_____ his lessons for the test every day over the past month.

A.will review B.was reviewing C.has been reviewing D.had been reviewing

4、Lily felt down because her proposal was ______ by the manager with no good reason.

A. turned down   B. set down

C. put down   D. taken down

5、The CCTV Spring Festival Gala is a big stage ________ many new actors or actresses are to become famous.

A．where

B．when

C．that

D．which

6、The teacher stressed again that the students should not ________ any important details while retelling the story.

A．bring about

B．put away

C．take off

D．leave out

7、We have different language courses; you can choose ________ if you like.

A. one    B. it    C. each       D. either

8、The population of China is larger than ________ of the United States.

A. this   B. that

C. these   D. those

9、Though the number of Japanese army was _____ that of our Eighth Route Army, they lost the battle in that mountainous village．

A． as large twice as   B． twice as large as

C． large as twice as   D． as twice large as

10、—It’s too late. Let’s leave the work till tomorrow. —______. We can start it earlier next morning.

A．It’s my pleasure

B．I can’t agree more

C．I don’t think so

D．That’s all right

11、I enjoy _____the western food and I often make some for my parents.

A．cook   B．cooking C．to cook

12、________ the difficult maths problem, she felt relieved.

A.Work out B.Worked out C.To work out D.Having worked out

13、At the railway station, the mother waved goodbye to her daughter until the train was _______.

A．out of sight

B．out of reach

C．out of order

D．out of place

14、By 17:20, ______ was close to the closing time, all the fresh fruit had been sold.

A．when

B．which

C．what

D．that

15、You may be out of your parents’________but never out of their mind wherever you are．

A． sight B． sign

C． sigh   D． scene

16、--- I’m sorry that I didn’t answer your phone call just now because I _______ a meeting.

--- It doesn’t matter.

A.would have

B.was having

C.had had

D.has had

17、Will you go ____ our motherland needs us most after graduation?

A． that       B． where

C． in which   D． to the place which

18、The players ________ from the whole country are expected to bring us honour in the Summer Games.

A．have selected

B．having been selected

C．selecting

D．selected

19、I have an appointment _______ Dr．Brown，but I need to change it．

A． to   B． off   C． with   D． from

20、None of the money ________ spent on useless things so far.

A．has been

B．has

C．have been

D．Have

21、   Fireflies flash not just for mating (交配), but survival, a new study suggests. Scientists wanted to find out if there’s more to the lightning bug’s signature blinking glow (一闪一闪的亮光) than finding a mate. Some experts had assumed it was a glaring signal to predators (捕食者), like bats, that fireflies taste bad.

To test out whether the glow acted like that, researchers at Boise State University in Idaho put bats and fireflies in front of high-speed cameras. They published their results in Wednesday’s journal Science Advances.

The painstaking experiment required researchers to introduce western bats, which had never seen lightning bugs before, to the insects. Later, they hand-painted firefly bellies black, turning off their night lights but avoiding the holes the insects breathe through. When the bats first saw the unfamiliar lit-up fireflies, they acted excitedly and ate a lot of the bugs, only to get a bad taste in their mouths.“They shake their heads and spit and generally hate their caretakers for giving them such a rude meal,” said study author Jesse Barber, a Boise State biology professor and author of the study. After a few tries, the bats then avoided the glowing fireflies. Despite the popular misconception, bats aren’t blind, a study author noted.

Once the fireflies essentially taught bats that they taste bad, Barber and his colleagues introduced the darkened fireflies. About 40 percent of the painted ones were eaten, while none of the normal fireflies were eaten. Researchers also think the way lightning bugs fly signals what they are. To test that they put fireflies on fishing lines and the bats went after them, despite already knowing that fireflies don’t taste good. The results make sense and are valuable, said Nick Dowdy, a Purdue University researcher in Indiana, who was not involved in the study.

Scientists already knew that fireflies have distinctive flash patterns that tell others who they are and where they are. And some females prefer males that flash at higher rates, according to study co-author Marc Branham of University of Florida. Barber noted that even in their larval (幼虫) stage, the bugs glow and don’t get eaten. So he theorized that when it comes to evolution, fireflies’ glowing trait (特点) may have developed first as protection from predators and later became a mating signal.

So, Barber said, “Bats may have invented fireflies.”

【1】The purpose of the researchers’ study is to see________

A.whether fireflies flash to warn their predators away

B.how fireflies react to high-speed cameras

C.how fireflies flash to attract a mate

D.when fireflies make a bright light

【2】Why did the researchers put fireflies on fishing lines?

A.To hide their flashes.

B.To make them fly faster.

C.To make them more energetic.

D.To change their flying patterns.

【3】What does Barber mean in the last paragraph?

A.Bats have influenced fireflies’ evolution.

B.Bats and fireflies depend on each other.

C.Bats have similar traits to fireflies.

D.Bats tend to avoid larval fireflies.

22、Sending rockets into space requires sacrificing expensive equipment, burning massive amounts of fuel, and risking potential catastrophe. So in the space race of the 21st century, some engineers are abandoning rockets for something much more exciting: elevators.

Imagine hopping on a fast-spinning carousel (旋转木马) while holding a rope attached to a rock. As long as the carousel keeps spinning, the rock and rope will remain horizontal, kept in the air by centrifugal force (离心力). If we replace the carousel with the Earth, the rope with a long cable, and the rock with a counterweight, we can imagine the modern space elevator—a cable pulled into space by the physics of our spinning planet. For this to work, the counterweight would need to be far enough away that the centrifugal force generated by the Earth’s spin is greater than the planet’s gravity. These forces balance out at roughly 36,000 kilometers above the surface, so the counterweight should be beyond this height. The resultant force on objects at this specific distance is evidently zero, leaving the objects in geostationary orbit, which means they revolve around the Earth at the same rate the planet spins, thus appearing motionless in the sky.

The counterweight itself could be anything. From here, the cable could be released down through the atmosphere and connected to a base station on the planet’s surface. To maximize centrifugal acceleration, this anchor point should be close to the Equator. And by making the loading station a mobile ocean base, the entire system could be moved at will, allowing it to perform around extreme weather, and avoid satellites in space. Once established, cargo could be loaded onto devices called climbers, which would pull packages along the cable and into orbit.

But the main problem lies in the cable itself. In addition to supporting a massive amount of weight, the cable’s material would have to be strong enough to stand the counterweight’s pull. And because this tension and the force of gravity would vary at different points, its strength and thickness would need to vary as well. But so far, we’ve only been able to manufacture very small nanotube (纳米碳管) chains.

【1】Why does the author mention the carousel experience in Paragraph 2?

A．To illustrate a theory.

B．To make a prediction.

C．To introduce the topic.

D．To provide the background.

【2】What makes objects revolve around the Earth at the same rate the planet spins?

A．The resultant force.

B．The counterweight’s pull.

C．The centrifugal force.

D．The planet’s gravity.

【3】Which of the following statements about the space elevator is correct?

A．The loading position would be a fixed base.

B．The climbers would pull the cable into orbit.

C．The cargo could be sent into orbit from the sea.

D．The cable could connect the base station to the Equator.

【4】How might scientists solve the cable problem?

A．By operating the elevator with more cables.

B．By making the cable flexible and strengthened.

C．By reducing the counterweight’s pull on the cable.

D．By building the elevator somewhere with no gravity.

23、For almost all of human history, the Earth's population has tended to be younger. But since the last World Population Day on July 11, a major shift occurred: There are now more people aged 65 and older than there are under age five.

World Population Day was established by the United Nations Development Program in 1989 to bring attention to population issues. Having more people on the planet is not the only concern, though, since a population's age structure matters too.

Increased lifetime is a remarkable human success story, but having more elderly people also creates a number of socioeconomic concerns. The global population will continue to age as these two groups grow in opposite directions. By 2100, the percentage of the population aged 65 and older will rise to nearly 25 percent — about five times that of children under five.

“Most developed countries have been aging for a century, giving them time to prepare for the changes. But developing countries will become old before they become rich,” says researcher Toshiko Kaneda. Many countries in Latin America and Asia are aging much faster and have less time and resources to prepare health-care systems.

What are the consequences of an older global population? Supporting elderly people is more expensive than caring for young ones. Pressing issues arise like how to provide long-term care, and maintain a labor force. In developed regions like Europe, where 10 percent of the population over age 50 is childless, elderly care is a major worry.

“Not a single country has been able to change declining trends in fertility (生育) despite government requests for people to reproduce as has been done across Europe and in Japan,” Kaneda says. “The aging trend is continuous. ”

But declining fertility rates can have positive effects too, says Kaneda. When fertility rates decline but the population hasn't aged yet, governments can spend more on secondary and higher education, and benefit the economy. Both Thailand and South Korea have seized the opportunity during this ideal period.

【1】What do we know about the global population?

A．It tended to be younger until now.

B．People are living longer and having fewer kids.

C．Age structure matters more than population size.

D．Developed countries are facing tougher challenges.

【2】Which chart shows the global trend in the percentage of children under five?

A．

B．

C．

D．

【3】What's Kaneda's attitude towards the global population issue?

A．Critical.

B．Objective.

C．Optimistic.

D．Doubtful.

【4】What is the text mainly about?

A．The declining trend in the fertility rates.

B．The consequences of the aging population.

C．The establishment of World Population Day.

D．The present situation of the global population.

24、The Voice Magazine recently had a chance to chat with Miss Patel, a 21-year-old university student currently living in Edmonton, Alberta. “Honestly, I am not happy with Edmonton because it’s too dead. No one socializes. Everybody likes to stay as it is. Personally, I haven’t found one person who likes to grow in their life. People in Edmonton seem to settle for whatever they get.”

When asked how she best studies, Miss Patel stated, “I was a kid who always took studies for granted. Till one day I realized it’s the most important thing. What keeps me motivated is my goal and the promises I have made to myself. I am completely focused on my career and studies, because believe it or not, hanging out with friends is a distraction.”

And her advice for new students? “Online universities and studies can be very overwhelming. You know, there is too much stuff out there. You may miss out on 90 percent of stuff you really need. But join online groups, call the student center and ask tons of questions. Go through every detail provided in the course. Make a schedule by what time you will finish the course.”

When not studying, Miss Patel is interested in “spirituality-gaining knowledge of nature, how to be the best version of yourself.” She continued, “I hit the gym quite often as well.”

When asked which famous person she would like to have lunch with and why, Miss Patel did not have any famous person in mind. She explained, “The respectful famous leads today were once a common man or woman. I would in fact love to just go on a special elite (精英) lunch with myself. I sit with myself and feel every emotion, making a list of my flaws and my positive characteristics. That way I am just getting a step forward of being a better human being. And who knows my betterment can lead me into being famous just like others!”

【1】What can we infer about Miss Patel from the first paragraph?

A．She is honest and brave.

B．She is intelligent and proud.

C．She is outgoing and active.

D．She is unconfident and content.

【2】Why does Miss Patel have the motivation in her studies?

A．She takes studies for granted.

B．She has an aim and commitment.

C．She hangs around with her friends.

D．She settles for whatever she can get.

【3】Why may an online learner miss most of the things?

A．There are too many groups to join.

B．The learner has to ask tons of questions.

C．It is difficult to make a schedule of the course.

D．The information online is too much to deal with.

【4】Why would Miss Patel have lunch with herself rather than a famous person?

A．She regard herself as a famous person.

B．Famous leads are common men or women.

C．She can reflect on herself and make improvement.

D．She can list the flaws and positive part of famous people.

25、When I was a teenager, my dad wasn’t terribly interested in the music I liked. To him, it just sounded like “______ ”, while he referred to the music he listened to as“______ .” As I’ve grown older, I’ll often hear people of my age say things like “they just don’t make _____ music like they used to.”

Luckily, my ______ as a psychologist has given me some insights into this puzzle. We know that musical tastes begin to ______ when we’re teenagers. By the time we’re in our early 20s, these tastes get locked into place pretty firmly.

In fact, studies have found that by the time we turn 33, most of us have ______ listening to new music. Meanwhile, those familiar songs released when you’re in your early teens are likely to remain quite ______ among your age group for the rest of your life. There could be a biological ______ for this. There’s evidence that the brain’s ability to make subtle distinctions between different chords, rhythms and melodies gets ______ with age. So to older people, less ______ songs might all “sound the same”.

But I believe there are some simpler ______ for older people’s dislike of newer music-the “mere exposure effect”. It means that the more we’re ______ to something, the more we tend to like it.

Psychology research has shown that the emotions that we ______ as teens seem more intense than those that come later. We also know that intense emotions are ______ with stronger memories and preferences. All of this might explain why the songs we listen to during this period become so memorable and beloved.

So there’s ______ wrong with your parents because they don’t like your music. In a way, it’s all part of the natural order of things.

【1】

A．prayer

B．puzzle

C．noise

D．poetry

【2】

A．beautiful

B．strange

C．boring

D．significant

【3】

A．enough

B．brief

C．unique

D．good

【4】

A．certificate

B．honor

C．background

D．attitude

【5】

A．change

B．form

C．disappear

D．reduce

【6】

A．stopped

B．continued

C．appreciated

D．practiced

【7】

A．modern

B．unchanged

C．silent

D．popular

【8】

A．expression

B．evaluation

C．explanation

D．experiment

【9】

A．uplifted

B．poorer

C．sensitive

D．sharper

【10】

A．different

B．distressing

C．familiar

D．cheerful

【11】

A．examples

B．excuses

C．statements

D．reasons

【12】

A．opposed

B．devoted

C．adapted

D．exposed

【13】

A．experience

B．share

C．illustrate

D．release

【14】

A．compared

B．associated

C．combined

D．expressed

【15】

A．something

B．nothing

C．everything

D．anything

26、你班将于下周到阳光农场(the Sun Farm)进行社会实践活动，请你给外教Laura写一封电子邮件邀她参加此次活动。要点包括:

1.时间和地点；

2.活动内容；

3.要准备什么。

注意:1.词数100左右；

2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

3.不要出现真实的姓名、校名等。