吉林2025学年度第一学期期末教学质量检测三年级英语

1、 Music should be taught routinely in schools because of the benefits _____ can have on the development of the brains of young children.

A．which

B．that

C．one

D．it

2、Since this accident has nothing to do with him, he seems no way ______.

A. to be blamed B. to blame

C. blamed for D. to blame for

3、--- Look at the sweat on her face.

--- She ________ the house since she got up this morning.

A．is cleaning    B．has been cleaned

C．was cleaning    D．has been cleaning

4、More than half of the participants said that getting married was not an important___________ for becoming an adult.

A.tension B.restriction C.circulation D.criterion

5、It was not how much we do but how much love we put into what we do _______benefits our work best.

A.who B.which C.that D.what

6、Occasions are quite rare ____ I have the time to spend a day with my kids.

A. who   B. which   C. why   D. when

7、The theory _____ by Einstein was later to prove true, but at that time few people could accept it .

A.put out B.put together C.put aside D.put forward

8、_______ to smoking, he gradually developed lung cancer and died young.

A.Abandon B.Abandoning C.Abandoned D.To abandon

9、It is important that I _____ with Mr. Williams immediately.

A.speak B.spoke C.will speak D.to speak

10、It will not _____your notice that there have been some major changes in the company .

A. equip B. escape

C. enclose D. endanger

11、While we may not be born with a natural talent, we can ______ for it with hard work.

A.break up B.take up C.bring up D.make up

12、It depends on ___ we have enough time .

A.if B.which C.if or not D.whether

13、Today the Red Cross provides a number of services for the public, such as helping people   , teaching first aid and providing blood.

A.in need B.in return C.in preparation D.in anger

14、Hardly _________ the knock when I opened the door.

A.have I heard B.had I heard C.did I hear D.do I hear

15、We firmly believe that war never settles anything. It only ______ violence.

A.result from B.begins with C.leads to D.runs into

16、__ the original purpose of the World Post Day was to promote the postal service worldwide, now its significance is more about postal culture.

A.Once B.While C.As D.If

17、He had known the matter before you told him, so you _________ have told it to him.

A.mustn't B.can't C.needn't D.shouldn't

18、--David didn’t invite us to his wedding party.

-- _________? I don’t care. After all, we don’t get along quite well with him.

A．How come

B．So what

C．What for

D．What if

19、Don’t look at your smart phone when crossing this busy street. If you do so, you may _____ run over by a car.

A.become B.get C.turn D.remain

20、He___________ to have witnessed aliens taking away Justin，but obviously he was lying.

A.assumed B.claimed C.declared D.confirmed

21、No matter how busy he is, Tom makes ______a rule to see his parents every week.

A.this B.that C.it D.him

22、Pointing to the hospital on _____roof there is a parking garage, Granny told me that was ____I was born.

A. whose; what B. which; what

C. which; where D. whose; where

23、—Why don’t you do some shopping in the second-hand store？

—Well，the goods there are ________，but ________.

A.more expensive；worse B.more expensive；not as bad

C.cheaper；good enough D.cheaper；not as good

24、Un-learning is more difficult than learning because we become_____ to thinking or feeling in certain ways over time.

A.mutual B.habituated C.habitual D.verbal

25、The result of his experiment led to the conclusion______ ice will decrease when it melts.

A./ B.what C.which D.that

26、When John was growing up, other kids felt sorry for him. His parents always had him weeding the garden, carrying out the garbage and delivering newspapers. But when John reached adulthood, he was better off than his childhood playmates. He had more job satisfaction, a better marriage and was healthier. Most of all, he was happier. Far happier.

These are the findings of a 40-year study that followed the lives of 456 teenage boys from Boston. The study showed that those who had worked as boys enjoyed happier and more productive lives than those who had not. “Boys who worked in the home or community gained competence (能力) and came to feel they were worthwhile members of society,” said George Vaillant, the psychologist (心理学家) who made the discovery. “And because they felt good about themselves, others felt good about them.”

Vaillant’s study followed these males in great detail. Interviews were repeated at ages 25, 31 and 47. Under Vaillant, the researchers compared the men’s mental-health scores with their boyhood-activity scores. Points were awarded for part-time jobs, housework, effort in school, and ability to deal with problems.

The link between what the men had done as boys and how they turned out as adults was surprisingly sharp. Those who had done the most boyhood activities were twice as likely to have warm relations with a wide variety of people, five times as likely to be well paid and 16 times less likely to have been unemployed. The researchers also found that IQ and family social and economic class made no real difference in how the boys turned out.

Working—at any age—is important. Childhood activities help a child develop responsibility, independence, confidence and competence—the underpinnings (基础) of emotional health. They also help him understand that people must cooperate and work toward common goals. The most competent adults are those who know how to do this. Yet work isn’t everything. As Tolstoy once said, “One can live magnificently in this world if one knows how to work and how to love, to work for the person one loves and to love one’s work.”

【1】What do we know about John?

A．He enjoyed his career and marriage.

B．He had few childhood playmates.

C．He received little love from his family.

D．He was envied by others in his childhood.

【2】Vaillant’s words in Paragraph 2 serve as _____.

A．a description of personal values and social values

B．an analysis of how work was related to competence

C．an example for parents’ expectations of their children

D．an explanation why some boys grew into happy men

【3】What does the underlined word “sharp” probably mean in Paragraph 4?

A．Quick to react.

B．Having a thin edge.

C．Clear and definite.

D．Sudden and rapid.

【4】What can be inferred from the last paragraph?

A．Competent adults know more about love than work.

B．Emotional health is essential to a wonderful adult life.

C．Love brings more joy to people than work does.

D．Independence is the key to one’s success.

27、   Organic foods are produced according to certain production standards, meaning they are grown without the use of conventional pesticides, or chemical fertilizers and that they were processed without food additives. Livestock are raised without the routine use of antibiotics or growth hormones. In most countries, organic produced foods must not be genetically modified. They may also be required to be produced using energy-saving technologies and packaged using recyclable materials when possible.

Early consumers interested in organic food would look for non-chemically treated, fresh or minimally processed food. They mostly had to buy directly from growers: “Know your farmer, know your food” was the motto. Personal definitions of what constituted “organic” were developed through firsthand experience: by talking to farmers, seeing farm conditions, and farming activities. Historically, organic farms were relatively small family run farms—which is why organic food was once only available in small stores or farmers’ markets. However, since the early 1990s organic food has had growth rates of around 20% a year. As of April 2008, organic food accounts for 12% of food sales worldwide. Currently organic food production is legally regulated. Many countries require producers to obtain organic certification in order to mark food as organic.

Several studies have attempted to examine and compare conventional and organic systems of farming. The general consensus is that, in the short term, organic farming is less damaging for the following reasons:

●Organic farms do not release synthetic pesticides into the environment—some of which have the potential to harm soil, water and local wildlife.

●Organic farms are better than conventional farms at sustaining diverse ecosystems, i.e., populations of plants and insects, as well as animals.

●Organic farms are more energy efficient and produce less waste.

Another report published in March 2008 by The Organic Centre claims that organic food is on average 25% more nutritious than conventional food.

However, many critics believe that the increased land needed to farm organic food could potentially destroy the rainforests and wipe out many ecosystems. And organic products cost 10 to 40% more than similar conventionally produced products. Processed organic foods in supermarkets are 65% more expensive.

【1】Early consumers knew what food was “organic” by________.

A．the “certified organic” label tag

B．firsthand experience

C．its packaging

D．examining its organic certification

【2】We can infer that ________.

A．in America, organic food can only be bought in small stores or farmers’ markets

B．organic food is produced by large-scale farms

C．organic food is also available in large supermarkets at present

D．organic food is often beautifully packaged

【3】According to the passage, organic food is considered as________.

A．junk food

B．delicious snacks

C．conventional food

D．green food

【4】What is the main idea of the last paragraph?

A．The disadvantages of organic food.

B．The cost of organic food

C．The benefits of organic food

D．Organic food and conventional food

【5】Which of the following statements does NOT support the view that organic farming is more environment friendly?

A．Organic farms are more energy efficient and produce less waste.

B．Organic food is generally thought to be more nutritious.

C．Organic farms are better than conventional farms at maintaining varieties of plants, insects and animals

D．Organic farms do not release synthetic pesticides into the environment.

28、ATENEUM

FINNISH NATIONAL GALLERY

Helene Schjerfbeck

2019.11.15－2020.4.26

The exhibition describes how Helene became Helene, and how a talented student grew into one of the most influential artists in our history. The exhibition focuses specifically on Helene’s years of travel, during which she stayed in Paris, Pont-Aven in northern France, Fiesole in Italy, and St Ives in England at the end of the 19th century.

Natalia Goncharova

2020.2.27－2020.5.17

Natalia Goncharova is known as a central figure in Russian avant-garde(先锋派) art. The exhibition offers a comprehensive view of the artist’s work from the first four decades of the 20th century. The exhibition continues the work done by the Ateneum in appreciating women artists, examples of which are the Alice Neel exhibition, held in the summer of 2016, and exhibitions by female Finnish artists.

Inspiration－Contemporary Art & Classics

2020.6.18－2020.9.20

How have international contemporary artists been inspired by the classics of European art? And why is it these works, in particular, that have become known around the world? “Inspiration” presents art that draws inspiration from masterpieces, created by today’s most interesting contemporary artists. In the exhibition, the original works are referenced through replicas(复制品)，prints, plaster casts(石膏模型) and so on.

Magnus Enckell

2020.10.23－2021.1.26

The painter Magnus Enckell is known especially as a representative of Finnish symbolism. Enckell’s best known works include The Awakening and The Faun, which are part of the Ateneum collection. The Ateneum exhibition represents the first comprehensive show of all of the artist’s works.

【1】What can we know about the exhibition lasting less than 3 months?

A.It presents works by a female artist.

B.It is being held for the second time.

C.It focuses on talented students’ works.

D.It shows all the works housed in the Ateneum.

【2】What is special about the exhibits of “Inspiration”?

A.They are highly unique and original.

B.They are world-famous and invaluable.

C.They are new interpretations of the classics.

D.They are mainly created by European artists.

【3】Who was a Finnish symbolist painter?

A.Helene Schjerfbeck. B.Natalia Goncharova.

C.Alice Neel. D.Magnus Enckell.

29、   Is there anybody out there? For centuries human beings have been wondering. As we've gained greater understanding of the universe, however, our searches have taken on a more concrete form. Questions about aliens have become a subject for science rather than science fiction and philosophy.

Now a new cooperation(合作)between the Very Large Array observatory in New Mexico and the privately funded Seti Institute in California could mean that our curiosity about aliens is closer than ever before to being satisfied. Data from the VLA's 28 giant radio telescopes will be fed through a special supercomputer that will search for distant signals. Scientists who work at the Seti Institute said the announcement means their research is now “almost mainstream".

How likely it is that a signal will be found, and what this might mean, are hard questions to answer. Seti's existing projects haven't detected any life signals from other planets so far. But recent discoveries in space and Earth sciences have provided some encouragement to those who are enthusiastic about the likelihood, however remote, of detecting other civilizations.

While once it was thought that our solar system could be unique, since the discovery of the first exoplanet (a planet in another solar system) in the 1990s, thousands more have been located(确定位置). Around one in five stars are now thought to have a planet in their orbit in a so-called “habitable zone"—that is at a distance from the star where the temperature(neither too hot nor too cold) means that life is theoretically feasible.

If there is another life form somewhere, could it be as intelligent as us? Or cause a risk to us, as the physicist Stephen Hawking once warned? As investigations of Mars continue, our interest in the possibility of alien life appears clear—especially when conditions in our own earth appear even more unstable.

【1】What can we learn from the first two paragraphs?

A.Global cooperation helps to study aliens.

B.Searching for aliens is becoming a trend.

C.Aliens have caught wide attention globally.

D.There are many uncertainties about aliens study.

【2】What is the encouraging news to searchers for distant civilizations?

A.VLA has developed new radio telescopes.

B.Seti has detected signals from other planets.

C.More and more exoplanets have been found.

D.Other civilizations have been located in a habitable zone.

【3】What does the underlined word “feasible" in paragraph 4 most probably mean?

A.Possible. B.Tough.

C.Easy. D.Certain.

【4】In which section of a newspaper may this text appear?

A.Literature. B.Health.

C.Education. D.Science.

30、   I was on a plane returning home to Dallas, Texas after completing my duty in Vietnam. There were no hometown parades for us veterans (退役老兵) from that ____ war and I had been warned about the unfriendliness from our countrymen at that time. ____, I was just trying to get home without incident.

I sat, in uniform, in a window seat, ____ eye contact with my fellow passengers. No one was sitting in the seat next to me, which ____ my loneliness. A little girl, not more than 10 years old, suddenly ____ in the passage. She smiled and, without a word, ____ handed me a magazine. I accepted her ____ together with her quiet “welcome home”. I turned to the window and wept. Her small ____ of caring was the first I had  ___ in a long time.

I believe in the ____ between strangers when we reach out to one another.

Today, that young girl ____ has no memory of what happened years ago. I like to think of her as having grown up, continuing to ____ others and teaching her children to do the same. I know she might have been told to give me the “____” by her parents. It doesn’t matter why she gave me the magazine. The ____ thing is she did.

From then on, I have followed her ____ and tried, in different ways for ____ people, to do the same for them. I know that my ____ since then are all due to that little girl. Her offer of a magazine to a tired, scared and ____ soldier has echoed (产生回响) throughout my ____. I have to believe that my small gestures have the same ___ on others.

【1】A.fair B.great C.unpopular D.unexpected

【2】A.Therefore B.However C.Besides D.Meanwhile

【3】A.making B.keeping C.reducing D.avoiding

【4】A.resulted from B.accounted for C.added to D.contributed to

【5】A.screamed B.appeared C.jumped D.waved

【6】A.anxiously B.casually C.unconsciously D.shyly

【7】A.admiring B.offering C.apology D.invitation

【8】A.gesture B.discussion C.idea D.exchange

【9】A.predicted B.imagined C.experienced D.evaluated

【10】A.coincidence B.connection C.conflict D.conversation

【11】A.ridiculously B.surprisingly C.unfortunately D.undoubtedly

【12】A.panic B.tease C.touch D.judge

【13】A.gift B.lesson C.reminder D.reward

【14】A.important B.unusual C.appropriate D.concrete

【15】A.advice B.dream C.example D.requirement

【16】A.old B.wounded C.homeless D.different

【17】A.worries B.attempts C.puzzles D.emotions

【18】A.unfit B.tough C.lonely D.desperate

【19】A.life B.duty C.career D.journey

【20】A.stress B.effect C.threat D.consequence

31、   I was surprised when I received a short message from my father wishing me a happy birthday.

I had ____ to hear from my mother, my grandmother and my other relatives ____ never from my father. Lying in bed, ____ of my father flooded back.

When I was a little boy, I regarded my father as a(n) ____ able to do anything. ____, things slowly began to ____. The more I learned, the more I doubted what he said. The gap between us grew and, at last, I didn't ____ like communicating with him.

My father, in my mind, had no ____ in talking with me. Dinner was the only time we were together. He had no time to watch TV with me. He would tell me to ask my mother ____ I needed something. He even refused to answer my ____ when I phoned from school. I ____ the changes. I thought that perhaps my father no longer ____ me any more.

Over time, however,I began to wonder whether my ____ was right. One day,my mother told me that each time I called,Father was ____ listening beside her. Suddenly, I hated myself for my ____ behavior toward him.

I planned thousands of times to ____ my father. In the end, however, I was always too embarrassed about what I had done.

But that Saturday, I was so ____ by his short message. I realized then that my father’s love for me had never disappeared. I decided to send a ____: “Thank you, my dear father."

Two days later, when I returned home, my mother told me that my father had been so ____ when he received my reply. She said he had ____ from morning till night. At that moment, I felt truly happy.

【1】A.expected B.intended C.planned D.wanted

【2】A.and B.so C.but D.or

【3】A.opinions B.memories C.thoughts D.responses

【4】A.angel B.teacher C.hero D.friend

【5】A.However B.Otherwise C.Therefore D.Besides

【6】A.improve B.change C.develop D.appear

【7】A.still B.ever C.yet D.even

【8】A.interest B.time C.chance D.courage

【9】A.in case B.if C.even if D.after

【10】A.letters B.e-mails C.questions D.calls

【11】A.got fond of B.got tired of C.got familiar with D.got accustomed to

【12】A.helped B.supported C.loved D.missed

【13】A.behavior B.attitude C.manner D.action

【14】A.ever B.always C.seldom D.never

【15】A.casual B.rude C.cold D.cruel

【16】A.apologize to B.write to C.talk with D.consult with

【17】A.surprised B.confused C.touched D.pleased

【18】A.message B.card C.gift D.reply

【19】A.upset B.happy C.sad D.nervous

【20】A.waited B.signed C.hesitated D.smiled

32、In one Nebraska teen running race before graduating from high school, Brandon Schutt’s personal best turned out not to be about marking the fastest time but displaying the biggest heart.

During the race, he knew he had the potential to _________ for the upcoming state meet, so he slowed to a comfortable _________ that would allow him to simply enjoy the moment and the day. Meanwhile, aiming to _________ his own personal record, after a fast start, Blake Cerveny continued to push himself _________. With less than 400 meters to go, Cerveny got a cramp (抽筋) in his legs and they _________ him. _________ to finish, Cerveny rose from the ground and continued on, only to _________ again after another 150 meters…and again. This time he’d _________ it only 25 meters more before going down. With tremendous effort, the young runner pulled himself up and with a ( an ) _________ pace, moved forward for one final push. It wasn’t enough. Less than 100 meters from the finish line, he lay curled on the ground. His legs had simply __________.

Brandon Schutt, who was at his side, __________ a helping hand. His first __________ to get Cerveny up failed, but like Cerveny, he too refused to __________. With a second hard pull, Cerveny was __________. With Cerveny holding Schutt for support and Schutt __________ Cerveny maintain balance, the two __________ the final 75 meters. Schutt even made sure the injured runner crossed the finish line first, securing his __________ a faster time.

In today’s __________ world in which the emphasis in athletics is so often put on breaking records, it is __________ to see that for an athlete like Brandon Schutt, the value of true sportsmanship still has legs. And for others, like Blake Cerveny, knowing that finishing the race, no matter the odds or adversity, is the true __________ of a win.

【1】

A．look

B．apply

C．search

D．qualify

【2】

A．pace

B．race

C．step

D．run

【3】

A．win

B．overcome

C．break

D．keep

【4】

A．extra

B．hard

C．best

D．down

【5】

A．matched

B．struggled

C．dragged

D．failed

【6】

A．Enthusiastic

B．Devoted

C．Determined

D．Anxious

【7】

A．stop

B．fall

C．pause

D．push

【8】

A．took

B．made

C．arrived

D．reached

【9】

A．unsteady

B．boring

C．amazing

D．careful

【10】

A．given off

B．given over

C．given away

D．given out

【11】

A．expected

B．offered

C．threw

D．turned

【12】

A．operation

B．trouble

C．pleasure

D．attempt

【13】

A．quit

B．disappear

C．seize

D．admit

【14】

A．up his feet

B．to his feet

C．on his feet

D．under his feet

【15】

A．helping

B．getting

C．observing

D．finding

【16】

A．completed

B．attended

C．competed

D．divided

【17】

A．enemy

B．member

C．opponent

D．hunter

【18】

A．complex

B．competitive

C．contemporary

D．comprehensive

【19】

A．awful

B．curious

C．dangerous

D．inspiring

【20】

A．preparation

B．memory

C．meaning

D．success

33、In China, square dancing is an exercise routine performed to music in squares or parks. Recent years have _________ the growing popularity of square dancing among elderly people in China, _________ it provides them with a good platform to _________ and make new friends in their ordinary lives. Although the practice has roots in both ancient and modern Chinese history, today the Chinese hold _________ views towards it. Some people, the young in particular, argue that it has disturbed their peaceful lives.

As for _________ citizens, square dancing is relatively easy to learn compared to traditional _________ and thus win their _________. Moreover, practicing square dancing doesn’t need special equipment. All it needs are open ground and loudspeakers. _________, it can be found across the country.

_________, many young people have showed their dissatisfaction. They think that square dancing __________ too much space in their neighborhood and disturbs their life. In fact, it is the noise __________ square dancing that young people __________ most.

Therefore, concessions (让步) should be made by both __________ so that they can live in __________ with each other.

People taking part in square dancing are expected to dance in areas far away from residential communities (居民区), while the young are called on to show more __________ of square dancing.

They will also become old and one day may be one of the dancers they dislike now.

In addition, the government should spare more suitable areas where the elderly can do their favorite activities.

【1】

A．proved

B．witnessed

C．developed

D．advanced

【2】

A．since

B．once

C．until

D．though

【3】

A．relax

B．retire

C．react

D．recover

【4】

A．unique

B．general

C．different

D．wrong

【5】

A．local

B．honest

C．responsible

D．senior

【6】

A．customs

B．dances

C．approaches

D．entertainments

【7】

A．pleasure

B．celebration

C．encouragement

D．love

【8】

A．As a result

B．For example

C．In other words

D．In particular

【9】

A．Though

B．Therefore

C．However

D．Otherwise

【10】

A．takes off

B．takes up

C．makes up

D．keeps up

【11】

A．with

B．into

C．against

D．by

【12】

A．doubt

B．search

C．regret

D．dislike

【13】

A．positions

B．parties

C．situations

D．hands

【14】

A．connection

B．hope

C．harmony

D．independence

【15】

A．tolerance

B．expectation

C．spirit

D．service

34、按照课文内容填空

At the time they were created, the Impressionist paintings were【1】, but today they are accepted as the beginning of【2】we call “modern art’. This is because the Impressionists 【3】artists to look at their environment in new ways. There are scores of modern art styles, but 【4】the Impressionists, many of these painting styles might not exist. On the one hand, some modern art is abstract; that is, the painter doesn’t 【5】to paint objects as we see them with our eyes, 【6】instead concentrates on certain qualities of the object, 【7】color, line and shape to represent them. On the【8】hand, some paintings of modern art are so 【9】 that they look photographs. These styles are so different. Who can【10】what painting styles there will be in the future?

35、I have a muscle disease but I don't look any different from other people. Sometimes, I was too weak【1】 go to school so my education suffered. Every time I returned after an【2】(absent), I felt stupid because I was behind the others.

My life is a lot easier at high school because few fellow students make me【3】(annoy). My ambition is to work for a firm【4】develops computer software when I grow up. Last year I invented a computer football game and a big company has decided to buy it from me. I have a very busy life with no time to sit around【5】(feel) sorry for myself. As well as going to the movies and football matches with my friends. I spend a lot of time looking after my pets【6】(proper) but I find it worthwhile.

In many ways my disability has helped me grow stronger psychologically and become more【7】 (independence). I have to work hard to live a normal life but it has been worth it. If【8】(have) a chance to say one thing to healthy children, it would be this: having a disability does not mean your life is not satisfying. So don't feel sorry for the disabled or make fun【9】them, and don't ignore them either. Just accept them for who they are, and give them encouragement to live【10】rich and full a life as you do.

36、Directions: Complete the following passages by using the words in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

Why Cold weather Causes So many Flight Cancellation?

Each year, about 60,000 flights get canceled because of bad winter weather, which costs airlines and airports an estimated $3 billion. But it’s not the freezing cold temperatures that cause problems for planes. After all, 【1】 jets fly 10 kilometers up, where temperatures hover around -50 degrees Celsius.

In fact, planes 【2】 in cold weather, since cold air is denser and leads to better thrust. Clearly, the real problem isn’t what’s going on up there. It’s what’s happening on the ground.

When a 【3】 polar vortex (极地涡旋) struck the Midwestern US in January 2019, temperatures dropped to -40 degrees Celsius and airline canceled 3,000 flights nationwide. In these situations, when temperatures start 【4】, everything slows down. Cargo doors can freeze up, along with the nozzles that pump fuel into planes, which delays the 【5】 process.

Even the plane itself can freeze over. Just a quarter-inch - thick layer of ice on a plane can disrupt the way air flows over its wings.

Les Westbrooks: The number one reason, I would say, that the reason flights get delayed in cold weather is going to be because there’s some kind of frozen precipitation, from frost to snow to a sheet of ice, adhering to the aircraft, adhering to the wings of the aircraft 【6】.

That’s Les Westbrooks, a retired airline pilot and an associate professor of aeronautical science at Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University. He says that 【7】, these planes are “de-iced” - but this also delays takeoff. The crew can spray the plane with a special hot water/ glycol mixture. It can take around 40 minutes to de-ice large passenger airplanes, so planes often have to wait “their turn” for the de-icing station, which, of course, can trigger more delays.

And ice on the runway, of course, creates another set of 【8】. In 2014, a plane at JFK skidded off an icy runway and into a mound of snow, leading to an hours-long shutdown at the airport. And even though crews can remove ice from the runway, scraping it off the pavement can lead to potholes (坑洞) and other 【9】, which makes takeoffs and landings more dangerous. And of course, snow and freezing rain on the ground can affect visibility to the point where officials have to decide it’s not safe to fly at all.

But if ice and snow aren’t the problem in these extremely cold temperatures, it’s usually another factor: people.

Les Westbrooks: The airplane flies at high altitudes, -60 degrees. It’s made to do that. Humans are not made to be outside in -60 degrees weather. And so the human factor becomes a big, big factor, when it becomes extremely cold.

Baggage handlers, aircraft fuelers, and mechanics all have to stay warm. Some airports, like O’Hare in Chicago, set up heated shelters for their employees. Of course, with everyone taking breaks to warm up, not as much gets done, which leads to even more delays and cancellations. Passengers start missing their 【10】 flights, and that, along with passengers who can’t make it to the airport due to bad road conditions, leads to half-empty planes.

In fact, many airlines might preemptively cancel flights before bad weather even hits. So, in the end, you can still blame cold weather for cancelling your flight.

37、Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

Expressions about water are almost as common as water itself. But many of the expressions using water have unpleasant meanings.

The expression “to be in hot water” is one of them. It is a very old expression, which can be 【1】 back to 500 years ago. The expression is used to mean being in trouble. One story says it got that meaning from the custom of throwing extremely hot water down on enemies attacking a castle.

Being in “deep water” is almost the same as being in “hot water”. When you are in deep water, you are in a difficult 【2】. Imagine a person who cannot swim being thrown in water over his head. You are in deep water when you are facing a problem that you do not have the ability to solve. The problem is too deep. You can be in deep water, for example, if you invest in stocks in complete 【3】 of the stock market.

"Water over the dam" is another expression about a past event. It is something that cannot be 【4】. The expression comes from the idea that water that has 【5】 a dam cannot be brought back again. When a friend is 【6】 by a mistake she has made, you might tell her to forget about it. You say it is water over the dam.

Another common expression, "to hold water," is about the strength or weakness of an idea or opinion that you may be arguing about. It probably comes from the way of testing the 【7】 of a container. If it can hold water, it is strong and has no holes in it. If your 【8】 can hold water, it is strong and does not have any holes. If it does not hold water, then it is weak and can not be 【9】.

"Throwing cold water" also is an expression that deals with an idea or 【10】. For example, you want to buy a new car because the old one has some problems. But you wife "throws cold water" on the idea, because she says a new car costs too much

38、从二十世纪 90 年代以来，中国私家车产量不断增加，到 2018 年已经达到 3.22 亿辆。汽车带给人们方便的同时，也产生了许多问题。请给“树德之声”写一篇英语短文，希望同学们关注这些问题。要点如下：

1、中国私家车的发展及其好处

2、私家车增长带来的问题（如堵塞、污染、事故等）

3、针对问题，提出改善措施

注意：1.词数 100-120 左右，可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

2. 信的开头已给出，不计入总词数。

Dear editor，

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Yours,

Li Hua

39、假定你是某中学学生李华，你校安排在开学后第二周举行“职业规划周（Week of Career Planning）活动”。请你代表校学生会写一封倡议信。倡议信还将在校刊杂志英文版发行，其内容包括：

1.倡议同学们踊跃参加“职业规划周活动”；

2.说明活动的目的；

3.列举活动的2〜3项内容。

注意：1.词数80左右；

2.开头与结尾已给出，不计入总词数。

Dear students,

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Thank you!

Yours,

Li Hua

40、在学校刚举办的科技创新设计大赛中，你设计的一款老人智能陪护机器人荣获一等奖。请以“My Intelligent Robot for the Elderly”为题写一篇英语短文，内容包括：

1.设计理由；

2.功能介绍；

3.你的期望。

注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；

2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

My Intelligent Robot for the Elderly

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41、假如你是李华，下个月你市将举办青少年长跑运动会，你想邀请你的好友Peter 和你一起报名参加，请给他写信，内容包括：

1.此次运动会的时间、地点，主题等；

2.提高长跑能力的建议。

注意：1. 词数100左右。 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

参考词汇：a long-distance running race  长跑比赛

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