琼中2025-2026学年第二学期期末教学质量检测试题(卷)高三英语

1、A travelling mother’s worst nightmare had come true. I ran to the car so fast that the heel of my shoe _______ .

A. broke up B. broke off

C. broke out D. broke away

2、The two brothers quarrelled with each other over bicycle last night but they soon _______.

A. turned up B. put up

C. made up D. showed up

3、It’s the test system，________ the teachers，that is to blame for the heavy burden of middle school students.

A．other than B．or rather

C．rather than D．more than

4、We’re doing our best to keep the virus under control and we will not ________ those people who need us the most at this time.

A.abandon B.applaud C.astonish D.acknowledge

5、What we learn today in school will ______ whether we can meet our challenges in the future.

A. defend B. consume

C. determine D. consent

6、He urged that she ___________ the Great Wall on Monday.

A.would visit B.shall visit C.visit D.visited

7、In China, “mythical creatures” is used to describe troublesome schoolchildren ________ behaviors drive their parents crazy.

A．whose

B．when

C．who

D．of whom

8、His mother did _______ she could ______ the boy.

A.what help B.that help C.what to help D.that to help

9、When humans develop machines that are smarter than they are and machines begin to improve themselves, they risk ________ the mathematician IJ Good called an “intelligence explosion”.

A．what

B．that what

C．even if

D．whatever

10、This dictionary, which I bought yesterday, has been highly______by my professor.

A.acknowledged B.appealed C.recommended D.commanded

11、--- Is it convenient to you if I call you up at 9 o’clock tomorrow morning?

--- I’m afraid not. I ______ a meeting then.

A．will have attended

B．was attending

C．will be attending

D．am attending

12、The government_________ air quality in urban areas from levels one to five: excellent, fairly good, slightly polluted, poor and dangerous.

A.classifies B.arranges C.correspond D.divides

13、_______ is known to us all that the old scientist, for _______ life was hard in the past, still works hard in his eighties.

A．As; whose

B．It; whose

C．As; whom

D．It; whom

14、There is a general consensus among teachers _____ children should have a broad understanding of the world.

A.where B.whether C.that D.how

15、There is clear evidence ________ the Fishing Islands belong to China.

A．which

B．that

C．where

D．whether

16、The guide told them not to eat the mushroom, ______ that there was a risk of food poisoning.

A. explained B. explaining C. to explain D. having explained

17、KFC has accused three Chinese companies of their comments about the origins of the chicken, including the ______ that KFC chicken comes from chickens with eight legs.

A.command B.claim C.commitment D.credit

18、This kind of robot has been ______ for cleaning the floors, which is popular in our city.

A.signed B.sold C.sung D.designed

19、________ in Beijing University or Tsinghua University is what most students wish for.

A．To educate

B．Educated

C．Being educated

D．educating

20、The old street was so _________ that we had to stop our car and go to his house on foot.

A．attractive

B．ordinary

C．shallow

D．narrow

21、Teachers are always showing special ___ the students who are diligent and active in class.

A. preference to B. favor to

C. preference for D. favor for

22、Mary was busy with her work， and it was only around four in the afternoon           she could finally lie down to rest for a while．

A.when B.which C.that D.whether

23、Now that she is out of job, Lucy _____ going back to school, but she hasn't decided yet.

A. had considered     B. has been considering

C. considered     D. is going to consider

24、The written record of our conversation doesn’t ______ what was actually said. There are a lot of mistakes.

A.correspond with B.relate to C.look into D.compare with

25、Bobby secretly decided to _______for the track team with the purpose of being the winner, and his roommate instantly showed his disapproval.

A.let out B.try out C.work out D.drop out

26、   February, 2015, a South Korean woman was sleeping on the floor when her robot vacuum (吸尘器) ate her hair, forcing her to call for emergency help. It surely isn’t what Stephen Hawking warned us that intelligent devices “mean the end of the human race”. But it does highlight one of the unexpected dangers of inviting robots into our home.

There are many examples of intelligent technology going bad, but more often than not, they involve cheating rather than physical danger.

Meanwhile, increasing evidence suggests that we, especially children, tend to tell our deepest, darkest secrets to human robots. So how do we protect ourselves from giving-away code?

Once you’ve invited a robot into your home, you need to manage your expectations. Movies and marketing may have told us to expect deep interaction with robots friends but we’ve still got a long way to go before they are as socially aware as described. Given the gulf between expectation and reality, it’s important to avoid being tricked.

The message is clear: as robots became increasingly connected to the internet, and able to respond to natural language, you need to especially cautious about figuring out who or what you are talking about.

We also need to think about how information is being stored and shared when it comes to robots that can record our every move. Some recording devices may have been designed for entertainment but can easily be adapted for more dangerous purposes. Take Nixie, the wearable camera that can fly off your wrist at a moment’s notice and take shots around you in the air. It doesn’t take much imagination to see how such technology could be taken advantage of.

Most people protect their secrets in the presence of a recording device. But what happens once we get used to a robot around the house, answering every instruction and call? We may be at risk of letting our guard down, treating them as extended member of our family. If the technology around us is able to record and process speech, images and movement, or listen secretly to us, what will happen to that information? Where will it be stored？Who will have access? If our internet history can be a mirror, these details could be worth their gold weight to advertisement company. If we grow accustomed to having trustworthy robots getting into our daily lives, our words and deeds could easily become over-exposed.

So, what is the safest way to welcome robots into our homes, public spaces, and social lives? We should be cautiously optimistic that intelligent machines could become enriching companions, while acknowledging that we need to determine strict boundaries for robots.

We might think of expanding the reach of consumer protection agencies or creating new robot-centered policies. Advances in robots may call for a body responsible for the combination of robots with society. There should be someone to turn to should your robot commit a crime, steal your car… or try to eat your hair.

【1】The hair-eating story in Paragraph 1 is intended to_________..

A.show the poor quality of the product B.warn us to keep far away from vacuum

C.introduce the topic of the discussion D.appeal to us to take pity on the victim

【2】According to the writer, it is wise to_________..

A.tell our deepest, darkest secrets to human robots straightly

B.have deep interaction with robots friends eagerly

C.make robots more socially aware than they are described

D.manage our expectations and adjust our trust towards robots

【3】The last two paragraphs are mainly about_________..

A.some reasons why we should be careful with robots

B.some background information of the writer ’s conclusion

C.some measures to be taken to deal with the problem

D.some conclusion drawn from a series of experiments

【4】The writer’s attitude to our over-trusting robots can best be described as_________..

A.positive B.objective

C.optimistic D.critical

27、   Bedtime on the Orient Express. We stood in the corridor while a woman pulled our bunk beds (双层铺) into place-- there wasn’t room in the carriage for all three of us. Barking the news that she would be waking us at 7 a.m. with a cup of instant coffee and a piece of cheese, the woman left and we retired for the night.

‘ Bunk beds?’ you may be thinking. Small carriage? Instant coffee? This can’t be the real Orient Express! Oh, but it is. This is a very real Orient Express indeed. In search of a long weekend in Vienna, there seemed no more attractive way for my friend and me to get there.

The original Orient Express service was started in 1863. Luxury carriages ran the route from Paris, France to Giugiu, Romania. In 1934, Agatha Christie sent Hercule Poirot on just such a journey in her novel Murder on the Orient Express. However, there was a rise in air travel which was quicker and cheaper and eventually the whole operation was brought to a halt in 1977. The name was reused in 1982, when the Venice Simplon-Orient-Expresss took its first voyage between London and Venice.

Admittedly I would have loved to take the Venice Simplon-Orient-Express, with its on-board shop and piano in the bar, but at around £1,700 per person for a four-night one-way journey, it was too expensive for us. So we chose this excellent way of buying into the romance for a small amount of the cost.

But we loved it. Ours was no luxury bedroom, but it had its own rough charm-- not to mention the magic of travelling across international borders overnight. I haven’t slept in a bunk bed since I was seven, and climbing up into it took 25 years off me. For one night only, it was comfortably appealing. Naturally, I took a copy of Murder on the Orient Express to read on the train. I smiled at the descriptions of airy dining cars and fresh coffee.

My weekend in Vienna was wonderful and reunited with the cut-price Orient Express at the end of the holiday, we were rather delighted to see our little carriage again. Good old bunk beds. Terrifying old attendant. And best of all, nobody got murdered.

【1】What does the underlined word “halt” in Paragraph 3 mean?

A. Change B. Trouble

C. Return D. Stop

【2】What do we know about the Venice Simplon-Orient-Express?

A. It was first put to use in 1863. B. It runs between Paris and Giugiu.

C. It referred to a railway line at first. D. It is luxurious and its fare is expensive.

【3】What made the author choose the ordinary train?

A. The low price. B. The bunk beds.

C. The air of romance. D. The shop and the bar.

【4】Why did the author smile while reading Murder on the Orient Express on the train?

A. His experience was different from the book’s description.

B. He felt relieved that nobody got murdered on the train.

C. The book was very interesting and amusing.

D. He enjoyed his train journey very much.

28、   The ability to predict the future is a rare talent. American author Isaac Asimov, one of the greatest science-fiction writers of his age, had such a talent. Back in 1983, he was asked to predict how the world would look like in 2019. Now that we’re here, let’s see what he got right.

On the role that computing would play in the future, he was amazingly accurate. Asimov thought computers would cause a revolution comparable to the industrial revolution of the 19th century. Specifically, he said that “mobile computerized objects” would be an important part of everyday life. Here, he clearly foresaw our world of smartphones, tablets and other devices. He also had a great deal to say about space exploration. The International Space Station proves his prediction that we would not simply visit space but seek to stay there.

How did Asimov develop his special sense of future developments? As a precocious boy, Asimov taught himself to read at the age of five. He read the newspapers and magazines sold in his parents’ candy store. His scientific interests gained sharper focus at Columbia University in New York. Asimov went to study chemistry, but became bored with pure laboratory science. Instead, he thought hard about the social significance of science. He wanted to communicate his ideas to the public. As an author, his books would feature the theme of social change caused by technology.

Asimov had his finger on the pulse of both scientific and social change. He had a clear sight of what was coming around the corner for humanity in his works like the Galactic Empire series.

“His predictions are absolutely fascinating,” Calum Chase, an English writer, told BBC News. “He was a genius.”

【1】Which of the following has Asimov made a prediction about?

①computers②environment③tablets④space⑤pollution⑥smartphones

A.②⑤⑥ B.①③④

C.②③④ D.①⑤⑥

【2】What do we know about Asimov?

A.Asimov had great interest in pure lab science.

B.Asimov kept pace with scientific and social change.

C.Asimov cared less about the social significance of science.

D.Asimov would read in his neighbor’s candy store in his childhood.

【3】What does the underlined word “precocious” in the third paragraph probably mean?

A.Talented. B.Naughty.

C.Considerate. D.Optimistic.

【4】What will be the best title of the passage?

A.The Focus on Social Change

B.A Great Science-fiction Writer

C.The Ability to Predict the Future

D.The Man Who Could See the Future

29、To tackle the problem of tiny plastics polluting waterways, chemists in the Czech Republic are thinking small. Their brainchild is a new microrobot which is no bigger than the tip of a sharpened pencil. When sunlight hits them, they produce chemical reactions that push them through water in a specific direction. When they find a piece of plastic, they stick to it and start to break it down.

Chemist Martin Pumera at the Czech University led the project. A decade ago, he chose to focus on the problem posed by microplastics. They’re everywhere—from the bottom of the ocean to air blowing onto ice atop mountains. They’ve turned up in drinking water. Some studies estimate that billions of pieces of plastic end up in the world’s waters. The plastic has many sources, from shopping bags to washing and cleaning wipes.

In lab experiments, the star-shaped swimmers stuck onto each of four different types of plastic. And after a week exposed to light, the robots had reduced the weight of the plastics. It wasn’t much—only by percent. But that was an indication that they were breaking the plastic down. They also caused the surface of the plastic to change from smooth to rough. That’s another sign that the robots were degrading (分解) it. The new study is a proof of concept type. That means it shows something can be done successfully.

In fact, Pumera says they still have a long way to go. There are many types of plastics. And even these microrobots are unlikely to succeed in degrading them all. The researchers also have not yet shown how safe this system is for the environment, although Pumera says that’s their next goal. The first real-world test will be in a wastewater-treatment plant. “Indeed,” says one researcher. “We’ll need a lot of testing to show that they’re safe in open waterways, such as at sea.”

【1】The microrobots are powered by ______.

A．water

B．sunlight

C．plastics

D．pencils

【2】What does the author focus on in Paragraph 2?

A．The purpose of Pumera’s project.

B．The preciousness of drinking water.

C．The seriousness of plastic pollution.

D．The working principle of the microrobots.

【3】What shows the effectiveness of the microrobots in lab experiments?

A．The weight loss of the plastics.

B．The disappearance of the plastics.

C．The shape change of the microrobots.

D．The improvement in the purity of water.

【4】Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?

A．Ways to Obtain Cleaner Drinking Water

B．Microrobots Invented to Treat Wastewater

C．New Hope for the Solution to Plastic Pollution

D．Technology Widely Applied in Environment Protection

30、I was diving home after attending my uncle's funeral. I took a canyon（峡谷）drive with beautiful scenery to process my_________.

Suddenly I heard a pop. I knew what had happened—a big flat tire! I_________to the side, but this was a canyon drive with not much shoulder_________, and it happened to be around a turning that people couldn't see. That made it_________.

Cars were passing me fast. I couldn't get out. Within minutes, I saw a van stopped behind me. The gentleman walked out,_________a hand, and I dared to walk out very_________. He moved my car out of the _________way while I was talking to the police. Since they couldn't send_________in 20-30 minutes. The gentleman took out my spare tire and started_________the tire for me.

After the job was____________, I thanked him and he left. As we said goodbye, I____________him to pay it forward. I saw in my mirror that the van just____________me, making sure I was OK. At the light, I got a chance to see the____________family in the van. A beautiful young wife with attractive children in the back. They all gave me a big smile and____________at me!

I thought the gentleman had set a successful example for those young children to learn about service and____________.

【1】

A．anger

B．time

C．feelings

D．work

【2】

A．pulled over

B．pulled out

C．pulled down

D．pulled in

【3】

A．limit

B．space

C．speed

D．height

【4】

A．dangerous

B．inconvenient

C．urgent

D．uncommon

【5】

A．lifting

B．clapping

C．offering

D．hiding

【6】

A．hopefully

B．happily

C．willingly

D．carefully

【7】

A．special

B．detailed

C．accurate

D．rough

【8】

A．assistance

B．search

C．information

D．safety

【9】

A．moving

B．changing

C．fixing

D．setting

【10】

A．delayed

B．continued

C．succeeded

D．accomplished

【11】

A．persuaded

B．inspired

C．promised

D．reminded

【12】

A．followed

B．protected

C．inspected

D．chased

【13】

A．talkative

B．impressive

C．last

D．entire

【14】

A．waved

B．shouted

C．laughed

D．bowed

【15】

A．admiration

B．loyalty

C．passion

D．sympathy

31、   There was once a wonderful old man who loved everything animals, spiders, insects and all sorts of living things.

One day while walking through the woods, the old man found a cocoon (面). He decided to take the cocoon home to watch its magic process of _______ from a little cocoon to beautiful _______.

A few days later the cocoon stared to move. It moved frantically (狂乱地). A small _______ appeared. He sat and watched it struggle and struggle for several hours to _______ its body through the little hole. But it seemed not to make any progress. Then the old man felt _______ for the little butterfly inside, and rushed to its aid. With a pair of scissors and _______, he cut the little opening big enough in the cocoon for the butterfly to come out. And then the butterfly came out of its cocoon, but it had a _______ body and small, fragile wings.

The man continued to watch the butterfly because he expected that, _______ the wings would expand and be able to _______ the body, but nothing happened! It never was able to fly.

What the man, in his ________ and eagerness, did not understand was that the restricting cocoon and the struggle ________ for the butterfly to get through the tiny opening were nature's way of forcing fluid (液体) from the body of the butterfly into its wings ________ it would be ready for flight once it achieved its freedom from the cocoon.

Sometimes ________ are exactly what we need in our life. If we were allowed to ________ our life without any obstacles and difficulties, it would weaken or even damage us over time both physically and mentally. We would not be as ________ as we could have been. In fact, it is necessary to live with some difficulties. And it is these obstacles and difficulties that make us strong and get prepared for the greater challenges in our life.

【1】A.advancing B.growing C.transforming D.developing

【2】A.dog B.butterfly C.cat D.snake

【3】A.spot B.passage C.opening D.butterfly

【4】A.expand B.push C.shrink D.force

【5】A.sorry B.moved C.excited D.happy

【6】A.cheerfully B.gently C.casually D.randomly

【7】A.powerful B.awkward C.swollen D.flexible

【8】A.in no way B.in no case C.by any chance D.at any moment

【9】A.support B.protect C.control D.lift

【10】A.carefulness B.willingness C.kindness D.sadness

【11】A.arranged B.required C.intended D.prepared

【12】A.if only B.as if C.as though D.so that

【13】A.struggles B.pains C.failures D.sufferings

【14】A.adapt to B.care for C.go through D.reflect on

【15】A.potential B.strong C.patient D.energetic

32、   When my husband and I got married, he worked as a mechanic (机修工) from midnight to 8 a.m. However, I worked during the______. So as he came home from work each morning, I was getting ready to______.

We had very little______then, so when Valentine’s Day came around that first year, I knew we couldn’t______anything for each other. After he left to go to work the night before Valentine’s Day, I decided to______and make a Valentine’s Day card for him. I _________ wrote a poem on the front of the card. When he came home the next______， I felt foolish as I handed him the card, ______that he wouldn’t laugh at it. When he had finished ______ it, he slowly raised his head and looked at me. Then he reached down into his pocket. When he pulled his ______ out, he was holding ______.

He told me that he had______it for me during his break time, but he had been__________ to give it to me because he thought I might think it was______，and that I might laugh at it.

It was a small heart made out of aluminum (铝).______ I had stayed up all night making him a Valentine card, he had been cutting out a______for me. I still have the aluminum heart, and I______it in my desk. Every time I see it, all those______come flooding back to me. Over the years, we’ve been able to buy each other very nice,______presents for Valentine’s Day. But none has ever been as dear or______as much as those handmade gifts made from our hearts the first year that we were married.

【1】A. holiday B. night C. weekend D. day

【2】A. cook B. rest C. leave D. help

【3】A. time B. money C. chance D. energy

【4】A. borrow B. choose C. find D. buy

【5】A. stay up B. call back C. slow down D. look out

【6】A. still B. even C. only D. again

【7】A. evening B. noon C. afternoon D. morning

【8】A. hoping B. noticing C. guessing D. imagining

【9】A. studying B. examining C. reading D. playing

【10】A. foot B. leg C. arm D. hand

【11】A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything

【12】A. written B. made C. drawn D. invented

【13】A. afraid B. happy C. angry D. surprised

【14】A. wrong B. difficult C. stupid D. dangerous

【15】A. Before B. While C. Though D. If

【16】A. heart B. card C. toy D. book

【17】A. change B. cut C. keep D. divide

【18】A. problems B. memories C. pains D. choices

【19】A. strange B. special C. expensive D. satisfying

【20】A. proved B. explained C. influenced D. meant

33、Many people who work in London prefer to live outside it, and to go to their offices, factories or schools every day by train, car or bus, even though this_________they have to get up earlier in the morning and reach _________ later in the evening.

One benefit of living outside London is _________ houses are _________. Even a small flat in London _________ a garden costs a lot of money. With the same money, one can get a little house in the country with a garden of _________ own.

Then, in the country one can be _________from the noise and hurry of the town._________one has to get up earlier and spend more time in trains or buses, one can sleep _________at night, and, during weekends and ____________ summer evening, one can enjoy the ____________clean air in the country. If one ____________gardens, one can spend one’s ____________ time digging, planning, watering and doing a hundred and one other jobs which are needed in the garden. Then, when the flowers and vegetables ____________, one has the reward of a person who has shared the secrets of ____________ .

Some people, however, take ____________ in country things. For them,____________ lies in the town, with its cinemas and theaters, beautiful shops and busy streets, dance halls and restaurants, such people would ____________that their life was not worth ____________ if they had to live it outside London. A walk in one of the parks and a visit ____________ the sea every summer is all the country they want.

【1】

A．shows

B．expresses

C．means

D．requires

【2】

A．home

B．family

C．flat

D．house

【3】

A．those

B．that

C．the

D．all

【4】

A．cleaner

B．nicer

C．bigger

D．cheaper

【5】

A．with

B．without

C．has

D．and

【6】

A．it’s

B．its

C．one’s

D．their

【7】

A．free

B．far

C．out

D．quiet

【8】

A．If

B．Although

C．Because

D．After

【9】

A．little

B．less

C．longer

D．better

【10】

A．on

B．for

C．at

D．in

【11】

A．cold

B．warm

C．fresh

D．pleasant

【12】

A．pleases

B．likes

C．wants

D．interests

【13】

A．other

B．rest

C．spare

D．whole

【14】

A．come on

B．come to

C．come up

D．come over

【15】

A．mankind

B．society

C．science

D．nature

【16】

A．no interest

B．an interest

C．much interest

D．little interest

【17】

A．health

B．happiness

C．wealth

D．future

【18】

A．know

B．feel

C．understand

D．hope

【19】

A．to live

B．to spend

C．living

D．spending

【20】

A．in

B．to

C．around

D．at

34、Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

Expressions about water are almost as common as water itself. But many of the expressions using water have unpleasant meanings.

The expression “to be in hot water” is one of them. It is a very old expression, which can be 【1】 back to 500 years ago. The expression is used to mean being in trouble. One story says it got that meaning from the custom of throwing extremely hot water down on enemies attacking a castle.

Being in “deep water” is almost the same as being in “hot water”. When you are in deep water, you are in a difficult 【2】. Imagine a person who cannot swim being thrown in water over his head. You are in deep water when you are facing a problem that you do not have the ability to solve. The problem is too deep. You can be in deep water, for example, if you invest in stocks in complete 【3】 of the stock market.

"Water over the dam" is another expression about a past event. It is something that cannot be 【4】. The expression comes from the idea that water that has 【5】 a dam cannot be brought back again. When a friend is 【6】 by a mistake she has made, you might tell her to forget about it. You say it is water over the dam.

Another common expression, "to hold water," is about the strength or weakness of an idea or opinion that you may be arguing about. It probably comes from the way of testing the 【7】 of a container. If it can hold water, it is strong and has no holes in it. If your 【8】 can hold water, it is strong and does not have any holes. If it does not hold water, then it is weak and can not be 【9】.

"Throwing cold water" also is an expression that deals with an idea or 【10】. For example, you want to buy a new car because the old one has some problems. But you wife "throws cold water" on the idea, because she says a new car costs too much

35、根据句意填空

In the USA, the Amish-a Christian group-are famous because they drive 【1】 instead of cars, do not use TVs or refrigerators, and do not have personal telephones. Many people assume the Amish must have 【2】 reasons for their many rules, but this is not true. In truth, whenever a new technology is introduced, the Amish meet and discuss its advantages and disadvantages. They then vote on whether they will accept it. The Amish 【3】 cars because they like having 【4】 communities where everyone lives close together. They have no TVs or refrigerators because their homes do not have electricity-they do not think it is necessary and 【5】 dealing with strangers, such as the people who work at the electric company.

36、A: Excuse me, do you know where the chemistry lab is?

B: Yes. It’s just on the fifth floor of this b【1】.

A: How often do you do c【2】experiments there?

B: Twice a week.

A: Can you go there without a t【3】?

B: No. That’s not allowed.

A: What does the teacher often tell you to do when you are doing an e【4】?

B: He often tells us to look c【5】and follow the i【6】.

A: What will you do when you finish the experiment?

B: We must put e【7】back in the cupboards and wash our hands.

A: Right. It is very i【8】to keep the lab clean.

B: Yes, safe as well. We must turn off the e【9】before l【10】the lab.

37、Directions: Complete the following passages by using the words in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

Why Cold weather Causes So many Flight Cancellation?

Each year, about 60,000 flights get canceled because of bad winter weather, which costs airlines and airports an estimated $3 billion. But it’s not the freezing cold temperatures that cause problems for planes. After all, 【1】 jets fly 10 kilometers up, where temperatures hover around -50 degrees Celsius.

In fact, planes 【2】 in cold weather, since cold air is denser and leads to better thrust. Clearly, the real problem isn’t what’s going on up there. It’s what’s happening on the ground.

When a 【3】 polar vortex (极地涡旋) struck the Midwestern US in January 2019, temperatures dropped to -40 degrees Celsius and airline canceled 3,000 flights nationwide. In these situations, when temperatures start 【4】, everything slows down. Cargo doors can freeze up, along with the nozzles that pump fuel into planes, which delays the 【5】 process.

Even the plane itself can freeze over. Just a quarter-inch - thick layer of ice on a plane can disrupt the way air flows over its wings.

Les Westbrooks: The number one reason, I would say, that the reason flights get delayed in cold weather is going to be because there’s some kind of frozen precipitation, from frost to snow to a sheet of ice, adhering to the aircraft, adhering to the wings of the aircraft 【6】.

That’s Les Westbrooks, a retired airline pilot and an associate professor of aeronautical science at Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University. He says that 【7】, these planes are “de-iced” - but this also delays takeoff. The crew can spray the plane with a special hot water/ glycol mixture. It can take around 40 minutes to de-ice large passenger airplanes, so planes often have to wait “their turn” for the de-icing station, which, of course, can trigger more delays.

And ice on the runway, of course, creates another set of 【8】. In 2014, a plane at JFK skidded off an icy runway and into a mound of snow, leading to an hours-long shutdown at the airport. And even though crews can remove ice from the runway, scraping it off the pavement can lead to potholes (坑洞) and other 【9】, which makes takeoffs and landings more dangerous. And of course, snow and freezing rain on the ground can affect visibility to the point where officials have to decide it’s not safe to fly at all.

But if ice and snow aren’t the problem in these extremely cold temperatures, it’s usually another factor: people.

Les Westbrooks: The airplane flies at high altitudes, -60 degrees. It’s made to do that. Humans are not made to be outside in -60 degrees weather. And so the human factor becomes a big, big factor, when it becomes extremely cold.

Baggage handlers, aircraft fuelers, and mechanics all have to stay warm. Some airports, like O’Hare in Chicago, set up heated shelters for their employees. Of course, with everyone taking breaks to warm up, not as much gets done, which leads to even more delays and cancellations. Passengers start missing their 【10】 flights, and that, along with passengers who can’t make it to the airport due to bad road conditions, leads to half-empty planes.

In fact, many airlines might preemptively cancel flights before bad weather even hits. So, in the end, you can still blame cold weather for cancelling your flight.

38、假定你是李华，想邀请外教Henry一起参观人工智能展览。请给他写封邮件，内容包括：

1．展览时间、地点（四月1~7日，科技馆）；

2．展览内容（如智能家用机器人、无人驾驶、人脸识别技术等）。

注意：1．词数100左右；可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

Dear Henry,

How is everything going?

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours,

LiHua

39、假定你是李华，你了解到2020年北京冬奥运会正在全国招募志愿者，你想报名，请用英语写一封邮件申请参加，主要内容包括：

1.表达写信意图及应聘目的

2.自我介绍（能力、性格等）

3.表达期望

注意：

1、词数80左右

2、可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

3.不能使用真实姓名和学校名称。

Dear Sir / Madam,

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours,

Li Hua

40、假设你是李华，目前，随着全球新型冠状病毒肺炎确诊病例数量不断攀升，你的英国笔友Jack发来邮件询问你在家抗“疫”和学习的注意事项，请你给他回信，内容包括：

1. 表达关心

2. 介绍经验

3. 分享感受

注意：1.词数100左右；

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

提示词：新冠肺炎疫情the novel coronavirus pneumonia 或 COVID-19 pandemic

Dear Jack,

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours,

Li Hua

41、请阅读以下材料，并按要求用英语写一篇150个词左右的英语短文。

（写作内容）

1. 用约30个单词概述饼状图的主要内容：

2. 用约120个单词阐述你对“课堂上使用平板电脑”的看法，并用2-3个理由或论据支撑你的看法。（文字部分仅供参考）

（写作要求）

1. 写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句；

2. 作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称：

3. 不必写标题。

（评分标准）

内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。

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