信阳2025-2026学年第二学期期末教学质量检测试题(卷)高三英语

1、The prison governor has refused to let him go, saying he must first be given from his own superiors.

A.accumulation B.affection C.authority D.accommodation

2、The dictionary is being printed and it will soon______.

A．turn out

B．come out

C．start out

D．go out

3、---Hi, Johnson, any idea where Susan is?

---It is class time, so she __________ in the classroom now.

A. can be B. must have been

C. might have been D. should be

4、Generally speaking, one’s mistakes in front of other people requires great courage.

A.admit B.being admitted C.admitting D.having admitted

5、I have had my bike ________, and I’m going to get somebody ________ my radio tomorrow.

A．repair; to repair

B．repairing; to be repaired

C．repaired; to repair

D．to repair; repairing

6、Whitney Houston’s sudden death suggests that drug abuse is such a serious problem ________ we should deal with it appropriately.

A. as B. that C. which D. where

7、I made a promise to myself ________ this year, my last year in high school, would be different.

A．whether

B．what

C．that

D．how

8、5G technology will ______ 15.2 trillion yuan _______ China’s digital industry between 2020 and 2025, Science and Technology Daily reported on August 28.

A.contribute, to B.adjust, to C.leave, behind D.balance, against

9、His eyes locked with mine,and I guess he   the decision right then whether or not to simply tell me the truth.

A.was making B.would make C.made D.had made

10、___________to his dream，in my opinion，is the reason why he can succeed in the end.

A.Being committed B.Committed C.Committing D.To commit

11、I was scared ___ when I saw the tiger jumped out of the cage and ran to the little child.

A．to the death

B．of death

C．into the death

D．to death

12、I ________ you an apology for what I said this morning. Anyway, I meant no offence.

A.owe B.make C.demand D.accept

13、 into English , the sentence was found to have an entirely different word order.

A. Translating B. Translated

C. To translate D. Having translated

14、They don’t make any restriction ____ the films, no matter who direct them, as long as they ____ the standards.

A. in; meet B. on; meet

C. to; set D. at; set

15、Only when he told me________what trouble he was in.

A．did I realize B．I realized

C．do I realize   D．I realize

16、When________ why he was sent there, he said he was sent there ________ for a space flight.

A．asking, being trained

B．asked, to be trained

C．to ask, trained

D．asked, training

17、The hot, damp weather didn’t ________ him.

A. be suitable B. fit for

C. agree with D. fit in

18、It’s no use _________ without thinking.

A.learn B.to learn C.having learned D.learning

19、The medical staff of Leishenshan hospital in Wuhan   at the hospital square on April 4, 2020.

A.majored B.mentioned C.motivated D.mourned

20、The consumption of high street fashion has increased by 62%.   , the rest of the fashion styles only experience a growth of 17%.

A.In contrast B.On average C.By accident D.At length

21、If John goes to the concert, so _____ his wife.

A.does B.did C.would D.will

22、It took them about one month to________ how to start the equipment.

A. come out B. figure out

C. look out D. take out

23、We use the iTunes Music Store to _______ the shows that we want to watch.

A.subscribe to B.submit to C.cater to D.correspond to

24、This program plays a role of a medium   some assume is of great value to cultural exchange.

A.when B.where C.which D.who

25、—You've done a good job.

—Yes. It________us a whole month to finish it.

A．takes

B．has been taking

C．took

D．was taking

26、Some events have been added to the 2024 Olympics, with surfing, breakdancing and sport climbing among the recent additions. With them come a group of terms that are foreign to the French language. For some French-language purists, it’s too much to bear to rely on English to praise surfers on their “noseriding”-standing on the front of the board. They’ve decided they need a French solution.

The French government has created a team of language experts devoted to promoting the national language. They will meet periodically over the next couple of years to identify and define new sports terms. The French battle against the influence of other languages isn’t new. In 1994, the Toubon law was passed, forcing the use of French in all government publications, contracts and advertisements. Yet it contained several loopholes, which allow brands and companies to extensively use English. As a result, anglicisms are becoming more obvious.

Julie Neveux, linguistics professor at Sorbonne University in Paris, said anglicisms are “sometimes estimated at just under 5% of the present vocabulary, but they are disturbing because they show that we follow an economic and cultural model other than our own.” They are particularly present in sports competitions and events, during which athletes from around the world are used to communicating in English.   “Sport was one of the first areas to be globalized,” said sports historian Michael Attali, “This phenomenon has strengthened English as the official language.” Despite their best efforts, no committee has successfully prevented English from infiltrating everyday language. By the time French officials agreed on a translation and its definition, the English version has already spread throughout the nation, “Similar committees have been put in place in the past, but nothing has changed so far,” said Attali.

“There are far fewer anglicisms in French than there are French words in English.” said Neveux, adding these exchanges should not be seen as a threat. “All living languages exist by borrowing from each other. Languages only exist thanks to their impurity.”

【1】What will a team of language experts do?

A．Promote the spread of French in the world.

B．Decide upon some new sports terms.

C．Bring English and French together.

D．Make French much purer.

【2】What’s the result of previous efforts to stop English from infiltrating French?

A．Unimportant.

B．Successful.

C．Fruitless.

D．Unmentioned.

【3】What can we infer from the last paragraph?

A．English is more popular than French.

B．All languages should be preserved.

C．The exchanges between two languages can be avoided.

D．Neveux is positive about the impurity of language.

【4】Where can we probably read the passage?

A．In a newspaper.

B．In a travel guide.

C．In a biography.

D．In a fiction novel.

27、   Richard Rudd was so forgetful that he sometimes forgot what he was talking about in the middle of a sentence. His wife had to always remind him about his about his appointments, his classes—even his meals ! Since Rudd was a professor at a well-known university, his forgetfulness often caused him a lot of trouble. It wasn’t that he was unintelligent. He was just very, very absent-minded.

One hot summer day, Professor Rudd decided to take his children to the beach. The seaside town he planned to visit was about a three-hour train ride away. To make the trip more interesting for his young children, he kept the name of the town a secret. Unfortunately, by the time Rudd had arrived at the train station , the poor forgetful man had forgotten the name of the town. Luckily, a friend of his happened to be in the station. He offered to take care of the children while Rudd went back home to find out where he was going.

The professor’s wife was surprised to see him again so soon ,but she was amused when she heard what was the matter. She distrusted his memory, so she wrote the name of the town on a piece of paper. Satisfied that she had solved the problem, she sent her husband off again. Ten minutes later she was astonished to see him outside the house again. What was the matter now? The professor had forgotten where he had left his children.

【1】He kept the name of the town a secret because   .

A.he wanted to give the children a surprise

B.he didn’t know the name of the town

C.he thought to keep a secret was interesting

D.he wanted to add more fun to the trip

【2】Which statement is NOT true?

A.He didn’t know where to go at all.

B.It took them three hours to get to that seaside town by train

C.Before he got on the train Richard had forgotten the name of the town.

D.None of his children knew which town they would go to.

【3】The story about Professor Rudd tells us   .

A.he lost his children

B.he was unfit to be a professor

C.though some people are clever they are often absent-minded

D.one’s forgetfulness will bring about a lot of troubles to others

【4】Richard’s wife his memory, so she wrote the name of the town on a piece of paper.

A.did believe in B.didn’t believe

C.didn’t believe in D.had no belief in

28、Iceland has long been identified as having unique environments. Here you can walk and swim between tectonic (地壳构造的) plates, bath in geothermal waters, and experience the wild landscapes. Furthermore, these unique environments have attracted the space-science community to use Iceland as one of its test sites for missions travelling to Mars (火星).

DAY 1

Arrive in Reykjavik.

After check-in, you will visit the geothermal pools of the Blue Lagoon to relax after your flight, before returning to your hotel to freshen up. You will then head to the Aurora Basecamp Observatory, where you will be able to see the northern lights recreated indoors. In the evening, space expert Niamh Shaw will give the first of two talks on our attempt to establish bases on other planets.

DAY 2

After breakfast, you will set out on special vehicles towards Þingvellir National Park, a registered UNESCO world heritage (遗产) site accompanied by Niamh. Here, you will have the opportunity to do something that you can’t do anywhere else, the opportunity to swim between the tectonic plates. In the evening, you will enjoy a second talk from Niamh.

DAY 3

Today you begin your journey towards the 2020 NASA test site, where the NASA SAND_E Mars Rover is being tested. NASA scientists will be on hand to explain the project, along with updates of the current Mars missions and the most recent findings.

DAY 4

In 2019, Iceland Space Agency hosted the ISAGEVR1 Expedition to Grimsvötn Volcano on top of the Vatnajökull Glacier (冰川) to field test the MS1 Mars Analog Spacesuit designed by the NASA/Johnson space centre. We will be working together with the agency to create a unique experience for you today on the glacier.

DAY 5

In the afternoon, you will reach the bridge between the continents, spanning a gap in between the two tectonic plates, on your way to Keflavik Airport and your evening flight home.

【1】Who would be most interested in this travel arrangement to Iceland?

A．Fiction writers.

B．Space enthusiasts.

C．Wildlife protectors.

D．Professional swimmers.

【2】Which days include chances to experience something about Mars?

A．Day 1 and Day 2.

B．Day 2 and Day 3.

C．Day 3 and Day 4.

D．Day 4 and Day 5.

【3】Which of the following can best promote this tour?

A．“We hope to offer you a great opportunity to enjoy hiking.”

B．“We will let you explore how NASA is a part of everyday life.”

C．“We want to help you discover space science through the joy of travel.”

D．“We will provide you a chance to experience the culture near the Arctic Circle.”

29、   As any person suffering from lack of sleep knows, dark circles under the eyes usually stand out after a bad night's sleep．

But why do people get these dark eye bags？The answer is both genetic （that is， relating to your DNA） and environmental （a result of your everyday living， such as rubbing your eyes or getting too little sleep），said Dr. Carol Clinton，a skin-care researcher in Dublin，Ohio．

But "the biggest reason is genes." Clinton told Live Science．Eye bags are generally more noticeable in people who，because of genes，have thin or pale skin．When people are tired or very nervous，blood circulation in the eye area becomes slow，allowing blood to pool there．Clinton said．Capillaries （毛细血管） stand out，leading to dark eye circles, she said．Besides，eye bags result from eyes' fat moving forward. An age-connected increase in fat beneath the eyeballs leads to eye bags．"Anyway，when your eyes' fat is moving forward，you may think about having an operation in that area，" Clinton said，"A person can get 9 hours of sleep a night，but still have eye bags because of a genetic development."

In other cases，environmental problems cause eye bags．For example, allergies （过敏）－especially seasonal allergies－can cause capillaries to stand out．Getting too much sun can also damage and thin the skin，making dark circles under the eyes easy to see．Besides，eating salty foods can cause the body to hold more water, which makes eye bags worse，according to the Mayo Clinic．

【1】In Clinton's opinion, what is the main cause of the formation of dark eye bags？

A. Genes． B. Habits．

C. Age． D. The environment．

【2】What can rid you of your eye bags according to the text？

A. Getting much sun．

B. Drinking plenty of water．

C. Having an operation on the fat in the eye area．

D. Slowing your blood circulation in the eye area．

【3】What can we learn from the text？

A. It's possible to change genes．

B. Rubbing your eyes might cause dark eye bags．

C. Young people don't get dark eye bags．

D. You can't get dark eye bags if you get enough sleep．

【4】What's the best title for the text？

A. What Can You Do to Protect Your Eyes？

B. The Importance of Sleep to People's Health

C. Several Measures to Remove Your Eye Bags

D. Why Do People Get "Bags" Under Their Eyes

30、   It started when I called 911 after finding my partner unconscious on the floor. Within ________, a police car arrived, followed by a(n) ________ filled with doctors and nurses who ________ my partner to the emergency room, where he received the critical ________ he needed.

A week later, I wrote thank-you notes and ________ them off at the police station and the ________ with packs of still-warm chocolate cakes made by myself. After the firefighters thanked me for ________ the gifts, I drove away feeling both ________ and happy.

Whenever you express gratefulness, you make yourself happier. But when you share it directly with the person you feel grateful to, the benefits ________.

John Kralik of California ________ this firsthand. Divorced twice, he wasn’t as close with his children as he wanted to be, and his law practice wasn’t earning money despite the ________ hours he devoted to working. At a particularly ________ point, he remembered his grandfather telling him decades earlier about the importance of ________. He decided to write 365 thank-you notes over 365 days, hoping for a ________ change.

_____ he noticed that his attitude and his ________ improved. At the end of his thank-you note year, he wrote an autobiography about his experience, A Simple Act of Gratitude: How Learning to Say Thank You ________ My Life. “I don’t need a scientific study to know that if you are grateful to people and if you learn how to accept gratitude well from other people, your life will be ________,” Kralik says. “The first effects are that you realize you have a much better life than you thought.”

That’s the magic of the two simple words, which can ________ blood pressure, improve sleep, and ________ relationships, “Thank you!”

【1】A.years B.days C.hours D.minutes

【2】A.truck B.ambulance C.bus D.motorcycle

【3】A.called B.persuaded C.rushed D.dragged

【4】A.treatment B.money C.advice D.information

【5】A.cut B.tore C.dropped D.saw

【6】A.bank B.school C.library D.firehouse

【7】A.buying B.delivering C.promoting D.selling

【8】A.light B.sad C.nervous D.hopeless

【9】A.decrease B.stop C.disappear D.accumulate

【10】A.offered B.experienced C.denied D.challenged

【11】A.exhausting B.limited C.desirable D.attractive

【12】A.exciting B.discouraging C.perfect D.dangerous

【13】A.education B.economy C.career D.gratitude

【14】A.passive B.frequent C.positive D.negative

【15】A.Immediately B.Temporarily C.Constantly D.Permanently

【16】A.health B.skills C.fortunes D.production

【17】A.Lit Up B.Escaped From C.Walked Out Of D.Broke Into

【18】A.created B.ruined C.described D.enriched

【19】A.monitor B.raise C.lower D.measure

【20】A.destroy B.strengthen C.end D.expose

31、When I first met Begay at Los Ninos Elementary on “King and Queen Day”, she was wearing a smile ear-to-ear.

This morning, though, Begay was______. The parent she had been trying to_____was a no-show again. Begay______needed to talk to her. Her boy was smart, but now about a year behind. She______there were problems at home. He was always late and had already missed too much school.

By 8 a.m. , kids were arriving, and Begay’s______quickly became a beehive（蜂窝）of activity. Forty-five minutes_______, the little boy finally walked in, shoulders sunk, head_______. Rather than______him in front of the class, Begay welcomed him warmly. He was testing Begay’s long-held_______that no child is a lost cause, no matter how______he seems. “It’s the unspoken       _____teachers start out with,” Begay said.

During lunch I sat down with Begay’s students and asked them what they liked about her.

“ She never gets angry, “ said one girl. A boy______:” She’s funny and likes telling jokes.”

Before we left the______, the shy, quiet girl next to me______,” She teaches me when I don’t want to learn.”

Her_______stayed with me. When I_______it with Begay, I told her that I felt it was a very       _____thing for a child to say. She agreed.

“They never______that to me.” said Begay, “But that’s what I_______. I want them to enjoy school. I want them to feel like someone_______them.”

【1】

A．sensitive

B．worried

C．thrilled

D．energetic

【2】

A．meet

B．investigate

C．enquire

D．praise

【3】

A．gradually

B．occasionally

C．abruptly

D．desperately

【4】

A．clarified

B．revealed

C．suspected

D．acknowledged

【5】

A．classroom

B．school

C．canteen

D．house

【6】

A．after

B．before

C．later

D．ago

【7】

A．rose

B．bowed

C．nodded

D．shook

【8】

A．disturbing

B．astonishing

C．capturing

D．embarrassing

【9】

A．conclusion

B．dream

C．belief

D．ambition

【10】

A．awesome

B．troubled

C．innocent

D．careless

【11】

A．commitment

B．assumption

C．proposal

D．regulation

【12】

A．rejected

B．declared

C．added

D．protested

【13】

A．office

B．kitchen

C．playground

D．table

【14】

A．shouted

B．whispered

C．cried

D．suggested

【15】

A．comment

B．adventure

C．experience

D．discovery

【16】

A．interpreted

B．promoted

C．shared

D．demonstrated

【17】

A．fancy

B．comprehensive

C．crucial

D．meaningful

【18】

A．do

B．express

C．guarantee

D．leave

【19】

A．acquire

B．secure

C．accomplish

D．pursue

【20】

A．believes in

B．stands by

C．tums against

D．fears for

32、Precious family moments

When  our three children were small, and I'd _______  after baths for the thousandth time,  pick wet towels (毛巾) off the floor, squeeze water out of yellow rubber ducks and call the kids to come back and brush their____, I often thought of Someday.

Someday I'd do something____.

When I read bedtime stories, the same stories I'd read so many times that I knew them from ___, my brain froze from the repetition, and my mind wandered to Someday.

Someday life wouldn't be so____.

When I___ a pound of frozen ground (压碎的) beef, considering my two standard options of pizza or salad, trying to remember when we last had what, I thought of Someday.

Someday I'd be____.

Then one day I had an epiphany (顿悟). I wasn't___ who was going to leave  something important on the world or build an____. But I was just doing something important on this family, and I already had an empire. It was right under my nose, tucked in (盖好被子的) bed by 8 o'clock.

The Someday I often dreamed about was being shaped by all the todays and____.

I was doing something important. Caring for children, creating family and trying to make a home that is a sanctuary (庇护所) from a _________  world are some of the most important things a person can do.

Creativity? We didn't always have ground beef. Sometimes we had chicken or fish. It wasn't the food that _______; it was being together around the table, the conversation, the laughing and the____.

As for routine (日常琐事), no routine stays the____. But even as the routine changes, basics are taught -  the fact that choices matter because choices become_______, and habits become a way of being, and that is___ character takes root.

The things that matter are that you're_____ and knowing how to love others, being generous, extending charity, working hard and recovering after ______  and sufferings are   learned little by little, one day at___ time.

Someday is___ than you think.

【1】A.have a bath B.clean up C.check on D.look after

【2】A.tooth B.teeth C.body D.hair

【3】A.important B.different C.big D.boring

【4】A.movies B.schools C.memory D.others

【5】A.uninteresting B.dark C.hard D.easy

【6】A.watched B.smelled C.stared at D.glanced at

【7】A.happy B.miserable C.creative D.suffering

【8】A.one B.parent C.another D.other

【9】A.factory B.home C.city D.empire

【10】A.tomorrows B.yesterday C.past D.now

【11】A.beautiful B.dangerous C.delighted D.successful

【12】A.tasted B.influenced C.mattered D.worked

【13】A.crying B.separation C.connecting D.eating

【14】A.different B.easy C.creative D.same

【15】A.habits B.results C.life D.problem

【16】A.what B.how C.which D.who

【17】A.hated B.hating C.loved D.loving

【18】A.failures B.happiness C.sadness D.diseases

【19】A.a B.the C.all D.good

【20】A.worse B.better C.harder D.easier

33、   I finished my exams when I was 18 and decided to come back to school for a special one-week course. My school looked very different. Ramps（坡道）had been set up on the___________ in the classrooms. My schoolmates and I were _________by around 30 others mostly_____________people like us, but who seemed very _______________. Some were in _______________;one boy was blind; one spoke through a computer like the scientist Stephen Hawking. Others had mental_______, behaving like children or speaking in a_______ way.

My ___________  wasn’t about caring for disabled people like doctors and nurses; it was about ___________ and having fun with them. We went to museums and ______________ London; we held snakes when a mobile zoo visited the school; we worked together to__________ dances, artwork and music.

Everyone was __________ up with one or two disabled people and shared a bedroom with them. It wasn’t easy to ______________ everyone’s individual requirements. Most of us had never had to change a diaper（尿布）__________let alone the diaper of a disabled person.When I got home at the end of the ____________, I was exhausted. All my ____________  had been given to other people. But the thrill of making a difference for others was __________ where all that energy had come from. I had never________ that I could do so much.

I am still in __________  with my disabled friends. Dorcas is 65; she has written 10 books using a stick to________ the keyboard. Susie is 26; she carries a wand（魔杖）to  cast “happiness” on everyone she sees.

【1】A.blackboards B.walls C.platforms D.stairs

【2】A.joined B.pleased C.envied D.received

【3】A.normal B.young C.ordinary D.special

【4】A.sad B.different C.innocent D.happy

【5】A.armchairs B.uniform C.wheelchairs D.rags

【6】A.states B.activities C.treatments D.disabilities

【7】A.confused B.disgusting C.determined D.boring

【8】A.course B.interest C.holiday D.hobby

【9】A.living on B.staying up C.hanging out D.turning around

【10】A.built B.occupied C.explored D.defended

【11】A.create B.hold C.teach D.reform

【12】A.kept B.fed C.caught D.teamed

【13】A.meet B.ignore C.remove D.describe

【14】A.yet B.again C.then D.before

【15】A.day B.week C.month D.year

【16】A.money B.energy C.tasks D.presents

【17】A.mostly B.partly C.exactly D.hardly

【18】A.argued B.realized C.mentioned D.explained

【19】A.line B.trouble C.agreement D.touch

【20】A.clean B.break C.press D.connect

34、按照课文内容填空

At the time they were created, the Impressionist paintings were【1】, but today they are accepted as the beginning of【2】we call “modern art’. This is because the Impressionists 【3】artists to look at their environment in new ways. There are scores of modern art styles, but 【4】the Impressionists, many of these painting styles might not exist. On the one hand, some modern art is abstract; that is, the painter doesn’t 【5】to paint objects as we see them with our eyes, 【6】instead concentrates on certain qualities of the object, 【7】color, line and shape to represent them. On the【8】hand, some paintings of modern art are so 【9】 that they look photographs. These styles are so different. Who can【10】what painting styles there will be in the future?

35、Directions: Complete the following sentences by using the proper form of the words or expressions given in the frame. Each one can only be used once.

Why your Password May Not Be As Safe As It Seems?  Does “qaz2ws” strike you as a nice safe password? What about “adgjmptw”? An analysis has found them to be among the passwords that are most 【1】 used, which of course means they are not secure at all.

When ten million passwords were leaked on to the internet，they appeared to 【2】that attempts by internet security experts to make us improve our password strength had been successful, even if, in the specific case of the leaked passwords, they are also completely pointless.

While many of the passwords were still single words, such as “password”，there was also a clear attempt by many to make them harder to【3】. The problem was that people seemed to do so in the same way.

“Users are becoming slightly more 【4】what makes a password strong,” explained WP Engine, an internet company that performed the analysis. “For instance, adding a number or two at the end of a text phrase. That makes it better, right?”

But 【5】no. They found that almost half a million passwords did this and in 20 percent of those all people did was put the number “1” at the end.

Perhaps this is why some companies are now trying to move gradually beyond passwords. Yahoo! is giving users the option to 【6】 their mobile phone with an account, having a single use passwords texted to it each time they want to log on.

Although the serviced is voluntary, Dylan Casey an executive at Yahoo!，said that it was “the first step to【7】passwords”. He said it was a(n)【8】that it was increasingly hard for people to remember all the passwords they had. “I don’t think we, as an industry, have done a good enough job of putting ourselves in the shoes of the people using our products,” he said.

It would certainly be a more sensible strategy than same people’s improving upon “password” by using “password” or，“tran5p053d numb3r5 f0r 133tr3r5”.

“We are, for the most part，predictably【9】when it comes to choosing passwords, despite a decade of warnings from password strength checkers during sign-ups” said WP Engine. “We love taking a(n) 【10】, and so do password crackers.

36、Directions: Complete the following passages by using the words in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

Why Cold weather Causes So many Flight Cancellation?

Each year, about 60,000 flights get canceled because of bad winter weather, which costs airlines and airports an estimated $3 billion. But it’s not the freezing cold temperatures that cause problems for planes. After all, 【1】 jets fly 10 kilometers up, where temperatures hover around -50 degrees Celsius.

In fact, planes 【2】 in cold weather, since cold air is denser and leads to better thrust. Clearly, the real problem isn’t what’s going on up there. It’s what’s happening on the ground.

When a 【3】 polar vortex (极地涡旋) struck the Midwestern US in January 2019, temperatures dropped to -40 degrees Celsius and airline canceled 3,000 flights nationwide. In these situations, when temperatures start 【4】, everything slows down. Cargo doors can freeze up, along with the nozzles that pump fuel into planes, which delays the 【5】 process.

Even the plane itself can freeze over. Just a quarter-inch - thick layer of ice on a plane can disrupt the way air flows over its wings.

Les Westbrooks: The number one reason, I would say, that the reason flights get delayed in cold weather is going to be because there’s some kind of frozen precipitation, from frost to snow to a sheet of ice, adhering to the aircraft, adhering to the wings of the aircraft 【6】.

That’s Les Westbrooks, a retired airline pilot and an associate professor of aeronautical science at Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University. He says that 【7】, these planes are “de-iced” - but this also delays takeoff. The crew can spray the plane with a special hot water/ glycol mixture. It can take around 40 minutes to de-ice large passenger airplanes, so planes often have to wait “their turn” for the de-icing station, which, of course, can trigger more delays.

And ice on the runway, of course, creates another set of 【8】. In 2014, a plane at JFK skidded off an icy runway and into a mound of snow, leading to an hours-long shutdown at the airport. And even though crews can remove ice from the runway, scraping it off the pavement can lead to potholes (坑洞) and other 【9】, which makes takeoffs and landings more dangerous. And of course, snow and freezing rain on the ground can affect visibility to the point where officials have to decide it’s not safe to fly at all.

But if ice and snow aren’t the problem in these extremely cold temperatures, it’s usually another factor: people.

Les Westbrooks: The airplane flies at high altitudes, -60 degrees. It’s made to do that. Humans are not made to be outside in -60 degrees weather. And so the human factor becomes a big, big factor, when it becomes extremely cold.

Baggage handlers, aircraft fuelers, and mechanics all have to stay warm. Some airports, like O’Hare in Chicago, set up heated shelters for their employees. Of course, with everyone taking breaks to warm up, not as much gets done, which leads to even more delays and cancellations. Passengers start missing their 【10】 flights, and that, along with passengers who can’t make it to the airport due to bad road conditions, leads to half-empty planes.

In fact, many airlines might preemptively cancel flights before bad weather even hits. So, in the end, you can still blame cold weather for cancelling your flight.

37、Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

Expressions about water are almost as common as water itself. But many of the expressions using water have unpleasant meanings.

The expression “to be in hot water” is one of them. It is a very old expression, which can be 【1】 back to 500 years ago. The expression is used to mean being in trouble. One story says it got that meaning from the custom of throwing extremely hot water down on enemies attacking a castle.

Being in “deep water” is almost the same as being in “hot water”. When you are in deep water, you are in a difficult 【2】. Imagine a person who cannot swim being thrown in water over his head. You are in deep water when you are facing a problem that you do not have the ability to solve. The problem is too deep. You can be in deep water, for example, if you invest in stocks in complete 【3】 of the stock market.

"Water over the dam" is another expression about a past event. It is something that cannot be 【4】. The expression comes from the idea that water that has 【5】 a dam cannot be brought back again. When a friend is 【6】 by a mistake she has made, you might tell her to forget about it. You say it is water over the dam.

Another common expression, "to hold water," is about the strength or weakness of an idea or opinion that you may be arguing about. It probably comes from the way of testing the 【7】 of a container. If it can hold water, it is strong and has no holes in it. If your 【8】 can hold water, it is strong and does not have any holes. If it does not hold water, then it is weak and can not be 【9】.

"Throwing cold water" also is an expression that deals with an idea or 【10】. For example, you want to buy a new car because the old one has some problems. But you wife "throws cold water" on the idea, because she says a new car costs too much

38、假如你是李华，你的英国笔友Peter对于中国粉丝给国外明星取昵称的行为非常感兴趣，比如说“卷福”、“霉霉”、“小李子”、“寡姐”等。请你给他写一封邮件，介绍一个你认为最喜欢的中文昵称。内容包括:1. 中文昵称的含义；2. 中英文名字在含义或发音等方面的关联；3. 粉丝起该昵称的原因。

注意:1. 该昵称可用中文或拼音表示；2. 邮件词数在80词左右。

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39、假如你是李华，暑假已过半，但同学们在假期里的拖延症状似乎更加严重，为了让大家学习效率更高，改掉拖拉的坏习惯， 请以学生会的名义，给全校学生写一封英文倡议书。

要点如下：1. 倡议的原因和目的；2. 倡议的具体内容；3. 发出倡议。

注意：1. 词数80左右；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

参考词汇： procrastinator 拖延症

Dear schoolmates,

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The Students' Union

40、假定你是李华，你的美国朋友Bill在春节期间给你发了一封节日问候邮件，并在信中问及红色在中国春节中的使用，请你给他回封邮件介绍下红色在春节中的使用情况。内容包括以下几点:

1. 红色在中国的象征；

2. 春节期间红色的使用(至少列出两个要点)。

注意：1. 词数100左右；

2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

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41、假设你是李华，得知你校将举办2020 “最美中国” (Amazing China)手机摄影大赛。请你写一封邮件，告诉你的朋友Peter这一消息。要点如下：

1. 作品内容：自然风光、文化遗迹等；

2. 作品要求：注明时间、地点和标题；

3. 投稿方式：10月15日前发至邮箱Liuying @ HHschoool. com。

注意：

1. 词数80左右。

2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

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