绍兴2025-2026学年第二学期期末教学质量检测试题(卷)高一英语

1、_____ the deaf children, the young lady has little time to care for her own daughter.

A. Devoted to teach B. Devoted herself to teaching

C. Devoting herself to teaching D. Devoting to teaching

2、After five days’ climbing in the mountain, they reached ____ they thought was the place they’d been dreaming of.

A．that

B．where

C．which

D．what

3、The teachers_______ themselves in planning out the work of the coming semester.

A.occupied B.operated C.arranged D.employed

4、The big fire lasted as long as 24 hours ______________ it was brought under control.

A. after B. before

C. since D. while

5、It was his long absence from work without permission________ delayed his promotion.

A.which B.that C.why D.who

6、______our part as a global citizen, we need to know what is happening in the world.

A.To do B.Doing C.Having done D.Done

7、Parents are under a(n)   to educate their children.

A. responsibility B. duty

C. liability D. obligation

8、The hot, damp weather didn’t ________ him.

A. be suitable B. fit for

C. agree with D. fit in

9、The CCTV show Chinese Characters Dictation Competition has taken the country by storm, which is partly designed to arouse people’s _______ in the Chinese language.

A.responsibility B.enthusiasm C.significance D.disappointment

10、So ______ to Coca-Cola that he can hardly go without it.

A. addicted is he B. is he addicted

C. addicted he is D. he is addicted

11、Each star on the flag of the United States _______ a state of this nation.

A.stands by B.stands out C.stands for D.stands up

12、Everyone in the department is expected to ________ the discussion about the plans of the next year.

A.attend B.join C.participate D.take part in

13、Cancer has become the top killer ________ I think threatens the health of millions of people.

A.that B.of which C.不填 D.Both A and C

14、_________, he knows a lot of Chinese characters.

A. Child as he is B. As a child he is

C. As he is a child D. A child as he is

15、Many adults agree that teenagers shouldn't live alone   they have their parents’ permission.

A.if B.unless C.in case D.now that

16、We are trying to come to a(n)_______about who should pay the legal fee.

A. situation B. expectation

C. contribution D. arrangement

17、I believe his design is ______for it’s completely different from others’.

A.common B.reasonable C.practical D.original

18、The publishing house ______ his copyright, so he accused it.

A. abandoned B. condemned

C. invaded D. surrendered

19、When you go to a foreign country, you must try to   the customs there in order to recover from the culture shock quickly.

A. deal with   B. adapt to

C. focus on D.  take over

20、Without access to the Internet, they found themselves ______ from the outside world.

A．cut off

B．cutting off

C．cut up

D．cutting up

21、The _____ of the harmful chemicals on the world’s lakes and oceans has raised awareness of the public.

A. effect B. effort

C. donation D. distribution

22、It doesn’t matter where the students associations get their money from ;what ____ is what they do with it .

A. Corners B. differs

C. directs D. counts

23、Some insects________the colour of their surroundings to protect themselves.

A. take in   B. take off

C. take on D. take out

24、The number of teenagers who commit crimes _________ 20% over the past years.

A．have been reduced by

B．has been reduced by

C．have been reduced to

D．has been reduced to

25、Evidence has been found through years of study _______ children’s early sleeping problems are likely to continue when they grow up.

A. whether B. how

C. that D. why

26、Though plastic shopping bags are cheap and useful, they cause widespread pollution. Now, we may have an unlikely helper to help clean up our garbage — a small wax worm.

The worm’s hidden skills were discovered by accident. About two years ago, Federica Bertocchini, a developmental biologist at the Spanish National Research Council and an amateur beekeeper, was cleaning out bees’ nest that had been filled with worms. She removed the worms and put them in a plastic bag while doing the cleaning. After finishing, she went back to the room where she had left the worms, and found they had escaped from the bag. When she checked, she saw that the bag was full of holes.

Realizing she may have made an important discovery, Bertocchini teamed up with other researchers to conduct further research. They began by placing 100 worms on some plastic bags and discovered that over a 24-hour period, the worms managed to chew through 92 milligrams of plastic. The researchers make an appropriate judgment that at this rate, the group of worms could   degrade (降解) an average-sized 5.5-gram plastic bag within a month. To rule out the possibility that chewing was causing the degradation, the researchers spread the soft wet substance inside the body of some recently dead worms on a sheet of plastic. Sure enough, even the liquid was able to eat through the material, confirming that the worms have plastic-digesting enzymes (酶).

While the news is certainly encouraging, not everyone is convinced. The Michigan State University’s Ramani Narayan believes the tiny pieces of microplastics released by the plastic-eating worms would pick up harmful substances and transport them up the food chain, causing, even more, harm to the environment and human health. Susan Selke, director of Michigan State University School of Packaging, is concerned that the worms will not be able to survive in an oxygen-free landfills where large amounts of waste material are buried under the earth.

However, Bertocchini is not planning to transport worm armies to landfills. Instead, the researcher wants to identify the enzyme that helps degrade the plastic. The researcher says, maybe we can find the molecule (分子) and produce it on an industrial level, rather than using a million worms in a plastic bag.

【1】What did the experiment of using dead worms find out?

A．Worms’ chewing may cause the degradation.

B．A plastic-eating chemical exists in wax worms.

C．Dead worms are effective in dealing with plastic.

D．It takes a long time for worms to degrade plastic.

【2】What is Ramani Naravan's attitude to Bertocchini's finding?

A．Objective

B．Convinced

C．Questioning.

D．Optimistic.

【3】What might Bertocchini focus her later research on?

A．The structure of plastic-degrading enzymes.

B．The use of other worms in disposing plastic.

C．Wax worms’ adaptability to the landfill environment.

D．The chance of producing wax worms on a large scale.

【4】What is the best title for the text?

A．Can wax worms save the environment?

B．Wax worms have an appetite for plastic.

C．Why do wax worms have plastic-eating skills?

D．Hungry worms join the fight against plastic pollution

27、   We sacrifice our power of full presence when we're multitasking, and we do so for a benefit of improved productivity that simply doesn't exist. Multitasking is a myth(虚构的东西).

Research indicates that multitaskers are actually less likely to be productive, yet they feel more emotionally satisfied with their work. We're not actually accomplishing what we think we are — we've been fooling ourselves.

In fact, research also shows that multitasking, i. e. trying to do two cognitive (认知的)things at the same time, simply can't be done—the mind doesn't work that way. Even trying to do a cognitive activity and a more automatic activity at the same time doesn’t really work. That’s why the National Transportation Safety Board reports that texting while driving is the equivalent (等同之物)of driving with a blood-alcohol level three times the legal limit.

We believe we're effective at multitasking when in reality we’re good at what researchers call “task-switching”. Earl Miller, a professor at MIT, says, “Switching from task to task, you think you're actually paying attention to everything around you at the same time. But you're actually not.” The brain is forced to switch among multiple cognitive tasks as these tasks use the same part of the brain.

In fact, research indicates up to 40 percent of productivity could be lost due to task-switching. It actually takes more time to complete the tasks you re switching between and you make more errors than when you focus on doing one task at a time in order.

A Stanford study confirmed this by showing  that those who multitask are indeed worse performers. Studies have shown that it takes four times longer for the brain to recognize new things, further slowing clown task completion and that we have a much lower retention (保留)rate of what we learn while we are multitasking.

【1】What can be inferred from the text?

A.Task-switching makes better performers at work.

B.We take multitasking for task-switching by mistake.

C.We feel good about what we do while multitasking.

D.Our brain focuses on different tasks when we multitask,

【2】What might Earl Miller agree?

A.We can't force our brain to multitask.

B.We should pay attention to everything around us.

C.We can occupy different parts of the brain with different tasks.

D.We shouldn't take texting while driving as the equivalent of drunk driving.

【3】For what purpose is the text written?

A.To introduce a new approach.

B.To compare different research findings.

C.To correct a common misunderstanding.

D.To analyze the consequence of a social phenomenon.

【4】What is the best title for the text?

A.Multitasking is a myth

B.Full presence is impossible

C.Cognitive tasks are time-consuming

D.Task-switching improves productivity

28、British potato farmers were angry and wanted the expression “couch potato” to be taken out of the dictionary because it harmed the vegetable’s image.

The British Potato Council wants the Oxford English Dictionary to replace the expression with the term “couch slouch”, with protests being outside Parliament in London and the offices of Oxford University Press.

Kathryn Race, head of marketing at the Council, which represents some 4,000 planters and processors, said the group had complained in writing to the OED but had yet to receive a response.

“We are trying to get rid of the image that potatoes are bad for you,” she said on Monday.

“The potato has had its knocks in the past. Of course it is not the Oxford English Dictionary’s fault but we want to use another term instead of “couch potato” because potatoes are naturally healthy.”

The OED says that “couch potato” began as American slang, meaning “a person who spends his or her leisure time sitting around, especially watching television or video tapes.”

The Potato Council says its campaign is backed by dieticians (饮食学家) who say the vegetable is low in fat and high in vitamin C.

Supporting the campaign, famous cook Antony Worrall Thompson said the vegetable was one of Britain’s favorite foods.

“Not only are they healthy, they are also convenient and yummy (美味). Life without potato is like a sandwich without a filling,” he said.

John Simpson, chief editor of the Oxford English Dictionary, said the dictionary first included the term “couch potato” in 1993 and said “dictionaries just reflect the words that society uses.”

Simpson said words were never taken out of the full-length dictionary, which includes some 650,000 words in 20 volumes.

But little-used words can be removed from the smaller dictionaries to make way for newer ones.

“If society stops using words then they get taken out of the smaller dictionaries,” he added.

The first known recorded use of the expression “couch potato” was in an article in Los Angeles Times, in 1979, Simpson said.

Nigel Evans, a member of Parliament for the Ribble Valley in Lancashire, has made a motion in support of the campaign, highlighting the nutritional value of the British potato.

【1】British potato farmers wanted to _________.

A．advertise their produces

B．call for a higher price for their potatoes

C．remove the expression “couch potato” from the dictionary

D．let people know how important the potato is in people’s lives

【2】The farmers think that _________.

A．potatoes have had a bad image

B．Potatoes are good for people by nature

C．potatoes sometimes do harm to people

D．it’s the dictionary’s fault to use the expression “couch potato”

【3】John Simpson thinks that _________.

A．the expression can be taken out of every kind of dictionary

B．dictionaries do not necessarily reflect the words the society uses

C．little-used words can remain in the smaller dictionaries

D．it is impossible for them to take the expression out of the dictionary

【4】What is wrong with the expression “couch potato” according to the farmers in this passage?

A．It is connected with unfavorable meaning.

B．Potato should be used in the expression.

C．It is borrowed from America English.

D．It refers to a kind of person.

29、Still seeking a destination for your weekend break? There are some places which are probably a mere wall away from your college.

King’s Art Centre

A day at the Centre could mean a visit to an exhibition of the work of one of the most interesting contemporary artists on show anywhere. This weekend sees the opening of an exhibition of four local artists.

You could attend a class teaching you how to learn from the masters or get more creative with paint – free of charge.

The Centre also runs two life drawing classes for which there is a small fee.

The Botanic Garden

The Garden has over 8,000 plant species; it holds the research and teaching collection of living plants for Cambridge University.

The multi-branched Torch Aloe here is impressive. The African plant produces red flowers above blue-green leaves, and is not one to miss.

Get to the display house to see Dionaea muscipula, a plant more commonly known as the Venus Flytrap that feeds on insects and other small animals.

The Garden is also a place for wildlife-enthusiasts. Look for grass snakes in the lake. A snake called Hissing Sid is regularly seen lying in the heat of the warm sun.

Byron’s Pool

Many stories surround Lord Byron’s time as a student of Cambridge University. Arriving in 1805, he wrote a letter complaining that it was a place of “mess and drunkenness”. However, it seems as though Byron did manage to pass the time pleasantly enough. I’m not just talking about the pet bear he kept in his rooms. He spent a great deal of time walking in the village.

It is also said that on occasion Byron swam naked by moonlight in the lake, which is now known as Byron’s Pool. A couple of miles past Grantchester in the south Cambridgeshire countryside, the pool is surrounded by the fields. The cries of invisible birds make the trip a lovely experience and on the way home you can drop into the village for afternoon tea. If you don’t trust me, then perhaps you’ll take it from Virginia Woolf ,a famous writer,—over a century after Byron, she reportedly took a trip to swim in the same pool.

【1】The passage is mainly about__________.

A．interesting stories of Lord Byron

B．an approach to becoming creative in art

C．the colorful life in the countryside

D．some places for weekend break

【2】If you are a wildlife enthusiast, you’d better go to__________.

A．Byron’s Pool

B．the Botanic Garden

C．King’s Art Centre

D．Cambridgeshire

【3】The author’s purpose in mentioning Virginia Woolf is to show__________.

A．she was a famous writer

B．she was keen on swimming

C．she was Byron’s admirer

D．Byron’s Pool is a pleasant place

30、   While volunteering in Tanzania，my wife and I got the idea of what we call a “street library” because children in our neighbourhood were able to read but had no_______ at all.

We had an idea to make books ______ to local children who wanted to read. We ______ a famous international charity for collecting money. We ______ books in three book stores of the capital city. My wife Sue ______ all 180 books with sticky-backed paper to keep them clean. A local man made some _____  to store the books. I made some “library cards" and ______ with a tailor called Saddiqi，who agreed to keep the boxes in his _____ and to run the library. The library was ____ to open！

Anyone could  _____ with their name and their parent's mobile phone number.  Saddiqi gave them a ______ with a number, with which they could read the books only in his shop. I decided it was better to do that than let readers _____  the books.  There is no ______ to join the library.  Within five days we had over 100 ______ and more were joining each day! Even though the books are ______ for children in different grades of difficulty,____  were using the library for free, too.

This side-project was, I think, one of the most _____  things we did in Tanzania. It was in some way a thank-you gift to our ______ for welcoming us so warmly into their lives.  The whole _____  worked together on the street library and that's surely part of the reason it is still  _____ after we left.

【1】A.chance B.interest C.business D.sense

【2】A.precious B.available C.cheap D.useful

【3】A.left B.contacted C.sold D.bough

【4】A.donated B.read C.wrote D.ordered

【5】A.copied B.mended C.printed D.covered

【6】A.cupboards B.counters C.boxes D.drawers

【7】A.quarreled B.debated C.consulted D.fought

【8】A.shop B.house C.garden D.courtyard

【9】A.ready B.unlikely C.illegal D.necessary

【10】A.drop in B.settle down C.see around D.sign up

【11】A.book B.photo C.card D.newspaper

【12】A.wait for B.take away C.learn from D.refer to

【13】A.way B.charge C.data D.need

【14】A.librarians B.workers C.members D.tailors

【15】A.even B.hardly C.never D.mainly

【16】A.adults B.babies C.youths D.foreigners

【17】A.boring B.rewarding C.worrying D.surprising

【18】A.relatives B.patients C.neighbours D.students

【19】A.school B.company C.country D.community

【20】A.open B.clean C.empty D.Modern

31、I’d always _______ living alone: the life of no rules and regulations and being independent. So, I was _______ about this new stage in my life when moving into my university dormitory.

_______, during the first few months, I’d find myself crying every day. Coming from a big family, I was _______ to noises surrounding me. Therefore, the scary _______ at night was the worst. I couldn’t even _______ without keeping the lights on.

As time went by, I started enjoying the _______ that came with living alone. The space of loneliness was _______ by friends who became like family.

When it was time to say goodbye and go back home after my _______ I was bittersweet. I’d __________ my time alone, learning things which wouldn’t have been __________ if I had never moved away from home.

I’d learned a lot from this __________. Living alone made me value __________ time even more. I realized that every second with them __________ though I might not get the freedom I had while living alone. For me, there is no warmth in a house __________ it’s filled with loving members and people you love.

【1】

A．kept on

B．dreamed of

C．insisted on

D．put off

【2】

A．delighted

B．worried

C．serious

D．cautious

【3】

A．Undoubtedly

B．Unwillingly

C．Unconditionally

D．Unexpectedly

【4】

A．deaf

B．cruel

C．accustomed

D．opposed

【5】

A．boredom

B．silence

C．darkness

D．suffering

【6】

A．sleep

B．talk

C．move

D．play

【7】

A．confidence

B．safety

C．relief

D．freedom

【8】

A．set aside

B．taken over

C．filled up

D．thrown away

【9】

A．recovery

B．graduation

C．resignation

D．promotion

【10】

A．hated

B．desired

C．regretted

D．enjoyed

【11】

A．useful

B．possible

C．reliable

D．worthwhile

【12】

A．adventure

B．arrangement

C．experience

D．challenge

【13】

A．family

B．study

C．work

D．growth

【14】

A．flew

B．counted

C．stayed

D．repeated

【15】

A．when

B．once

C．unless

D．though

32、   As the train pulled out, the passengers slowly settled down on their seats. I reserved the lower berth(卧铺), so I could enjoy the beauty outside from the moving train. An elderly lady _______ the front seat of mine. Looking at her, I guessed she must be in her eighties. At one point, our eyes _______, she smiled at me, and with politeness, I gave her response. Both of us were _______. And the train was _______ its speed.

It was 4:50 pm, evening time. So, _______ time was still a long way off. I couldn't _______my curiosity any longer and asked, “Auntie! Where are you going?”

She looked at me and kindly said, “_______ camp, dear.”

Suddenly my enthusiasm _______ to know the reason. I politely said, “Aunty, you are visiting someone?”

She smiled _______ and said, “Yes!”

Just to continue the ________, I talked to her in a very merry mood, “Auntie, you must be feeling so ________ to see your child or your grand children.”

Perhaps, this question ________ her a little but bravely she answered, “Oh, dear! You are so sweet! Anyways, I had only one son who joined the army but was ________ by the terrorist attack just few days before. I bought so many new winter ________ for him. I thought why I would not ________ my son's clothes to some other ________. So I would control my ________ and would be relieved ________ that my own son has worn it.”

I was shocked hearing her ________ story! But I saluted the old lady from the bottom of my heart, for her ________ heart!

【1】A.occupied B.served C.covered D.offered

【2】A.rolled B.touched C.met D.lowered

【3】A.busy B.silent C.shy D.friendly

【4】A.taking up B.picking up C.bringing up D.giving up

【5】A.bed B.study C.work D.leisure

【6】A.satisfy B.decide C.show D.resist

【7】A.Sports B.Tourist C.Winter D.Army

【8】A.doubled B.came C.stopped D.faded

【9】A.secretly B.proudly C.falsely D.nervously

【10】A.journey B.tradition C.conversation D.friendship

【11】A.surprised B.excited C.worried D.scared

【12】A.hooked B.tired C.amazed D.hurt

【13】A.killed B.injured C.trapped D.frightened

【14】A.food B.shoes C.clothes D.books

【15】A.lent B.sold C.sewed D.spared

【16】A.passengers B.soldiers C.charities D.camps

【17】A.sorrow B.temper C.behaviour D.loneliness

【18】A.dreaming B.realizing C.thinking D.knowing

【19】A.adventurous B.interesting C.boring D.heartbreaking

【20】A.sad B.light C.brave D.heavy

33、   It was an ordinary morning. I woke up tired. Dissatisfaction, boredom and routine were the words that well _________ my life. I wasn't feeling _________ for my comfortable home or lovely family. I dropped my two older children at school with a sense of _________ and unwillingly headed to the supermarket to buy groceries with my _________.

I threw items into the trolley（手推车）with no regard to cost, while trying to _________ my misbehaving son. During the _________, I kept yelling and threatening. We _________ made it to the checkout and waited for our turn. Shortly afterwards, I _________ that someone had joined the line behind us, I _________ around and saw an old man in rags. He carried a small packet of long-life milk. As the trolley was full of __________. I asked him if he'd like to go ahead of me. It actually wasn't an act of __________. It was his presence that made me __________.

He looked __________ and uncertain, "Are you sure? How kind of you!" Thankfully, he went ahead, __________ his milk and took his change. Then, to my __________, he turned to my little boy and gently pressed the __________ into his hand. I declared that it wasn't necessary but he __________. And my son, who had been __________ me, smiled his most beautiful smile at this __________ and hugged him. The man gave a shy smile and walked away.

I felt __________ at my earlier self-pity. This humble（兼卑的）, kind stranger had made me determine to be more thankful.

【1】A.improved B.brightened C.ruined D.described

【2】A.sorry B.guilty C.grateful D.bad

【3】A.relief B.humor C.duty D.safety

【4】A.oldest B.youngest C.best D.dearest

【5】A.control B.blame C.assist D.force

【6】A.fight B.purchase C.checkout D.communication

【7】A.basically B.gradually C.frequently D.eventually

【8】A.observed B.guessed C.noticed D.stressed

【9】A.stepped B.walked C.wandered D.turned

【10】A.clothes B.groceries C.vegetables D.belongings

【11】A.patience B.curiosity C.kindness D.bravery

【12】A.cheerful B.lonely C.relaxed D.uncomfortable

【13】A.surprised B.frightened C.worried D.depressed

【14】A.looked after B.paid for C.set aside D.took up

【15】A.joy B.excitement C.amazement D.sorrow

【16】A.change B.bill C.packet D.parcel

【17】A.agreed B.insisted C.regretted D.refused

【18】A.obeying B.ignoring C.annoying D.helping

【19】A.beggar B.stranger C.visitor D.waiter

【20】A.delighted B.exhausted C.pleased D.ashamed

34、I have a muscle disease but I don't look any different from other people. Sometimes, I was too weak【1】 go to school so my education suffered. Every time I returned after an【2】(absent), I felt stupid because I was behind the others.

My life is a lot easier at high school because few fellow students make me【3】(annoy). My ambition is to work for a firm【4】develops computer software when I grow up. Last year I invented a computer football game and a big company has decided to buy it from me. I have a very busy life with no time to sit around【5】(feel) sorry for myself. As well as going to the movies and football matches with my friends. I spend a lot of time looking after my pets【6】(proper) but I find it worthwhile.

In many ways my disability has helped me grow stronger psychologically and become more【7】 (independence). I have to work hard to live a normal life but it has been worth it. If【8】(have) a chance to say one thing to healthy children, it would be this: having a disability does not mean your life is not satisfying. So don't feel sorry for the disabled or make fun【9】them, and don't ignore them either. Just accept them for who they are, and give them encouragement to live【10】rich and full a life as you do.

35、Directions: Complete the following passages by using the words in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

Tablets are really useful devices, but their big screens always make them a burden to carry around without a bag. Wouldn’t it be great if there were a phone with the powers of a tablet that could be folded up and fit 【1】 into the hand?

Now something like a tablet-shaped but fold-able phone is about to become 【2】. In February, South Korean electronics company Samsung and China’s Huawei both unveiled fold-able phones Galaxy Fold and Huawei Mate X 【3】. Mobile phone use has entered the “fold-able future”, The Verge noted.

The technology could change our lives in significant ways. These devices, due to their 【4】 screens, give us the larger screens we want. Meanwhile, they still fit easily into the pocket. As USA Today noted, they’re “the 【5】 of a small tablets and smart-phone, all in a single device”.

The technology could 【6】 other devices too. For example, we could make TVs that stick to walls like posters, or fold up easily to hide away in drawers. In crowded modem cities, they will help us to 【7】 available space.

In a keynote address, Samsung’s senior vice president of mobile product marketing, Justin Denison, called the fold-able screen “the 【8】 for the smart-phone of tomorrow.” “It’s a balank canvas for us to do something beautiful together,” he said.

So is there nothing to stand in the way of the fold-able future?

According to tech news website Android authority, the necessary displays were difficult to produce. In 2012, nine out of every to OLED screens produced were 【9】. Today, that 10 percent rate has been improved to between 50 and 90 percent. However, at present these fold-able devices are expensive. For example, the price of Huawei Mate X is 17,500 RMB. That’s a price that may 【10】 the majority of people.

But if the fold-able device isn’t going to change the world overnight, there is no doubt that it is coming.

Patrick Moor-head, an industry analyst told The Verge, “Few are debating if fold-able or roll-able mobile displays are the future of smart-phones; the only question is when and by whom.”

36、Directions: Complete the following passages by using the words in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

Why Cold weather Causes So many Flight Cancellation?

Each year, about 60,000 flights get canceled because of bad winter weather, which costs airlines and airports an estimated $3 billion. But it’s not the freezing cold temperatures that cause problems for planes. After all, 【1】 jets fly 10 kilometers up, where temperatures hover around -50 degrees Celsius.

In fact, planes 【2】 in cold weather, since cold air is denser and leads to better thrust. Clearly, the real problem isn’t what’s going on up there. It’s what’s happening on the ground.

When a 【3】 polar vortex (极地涡旋) struck the Midwestern US in January 2019, temperatures dropped to -40 degrees Celsius and airline canceled 3,000 flights nationwide. In these situations, when temperatures start 【4】, everything slows down. Cargo doors can freeze up, along with the nozzles that pump fuel into planes, which delays the 【5】 process.

Even the plane itself can freeze over. Just a quarter-inch - thick layer of ice on a plane can disrupt the way air flows over its wings.

Les Westbrooks: The number one reason, I would say, that the reason flights get delayed in cold weather is going to be because there’s some kind of frozen precipitation, from frost to snow to a sheet of ice, adhering to the aircraft, adhering to the wings of the aircraft 【6】.

That’s Les Westbrooks, a retired airline pilot and an associate professor of aeronautical science at Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University. He says that 【7】, these planes are “de-iced” - but this also delays takeoff. The crew can spray the plane with a special hot water/ glycol mixture. It can take around 40 minutes to de-ice large passenger airplanes, so planes often have to wait “their turn” for the de-icing station, which, of course, can trigger more delays.

And ice on the runway, of course, creates another set of 【8】. In 2014, a plane at JFK skidded off an icy runway and into a mound of snow, leading to an hours-long shutdown at the airport. And even though crews can remove ice from the runway, scraping it off the pavement can lead to potholes (坑洞) and other 【9】, which makes takeoffs and landings more dangerous. And of course, snow and freezing rain on the ground can affect visibility to the point where officials have to decide it’s not safe to fly at all.

But if ice and snow aren’t the problem in these extremely cold temperatures, it’s usually another factor: people.

Les Westbrooks: The airplane flies at high altitudes, -60 degrees. It’s made to do that. Humans are not made to be outside in -60 degrees weather. And so the human factor becomes a big, big factor, when it becomes extremely cold.

Baggage handlers, aircraft fuelers, and mechanics all have to stay warm. Some airports, like O’Hare in Chicago, set up heated shelters for their employees. Of course, with everyone taking breaks to warm up, not as much gets done, which leads to even more delays and cancellations. Passengers start missing their 【10】 flights, and that, along with passengers who can’t make it to the airport due to bad road conditions, leads to half-empty planes.

In fact, many airlines might preemptively cancel flights before bad weather even hits. So, in the end, you can still blame cold weather for cancelling your flight.

37、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Everyone has their own unique fingerprint; 【1】 makes fingerprints an ideal way to unlock smartphones. However, this may be 【2】 (safe) than we think.

Scientists at New York University and Michigan State University in the US have developed a set of fake fingerprints. They say that the prints 【3】 unlock any fingerprint-enabled smartphone up to 65 percent of the time.

The artificial fingerprints 【4】 (create) by using many common features found in human prints. They work 【5】 taking advantage of the way smartphone scanners check a fingerprint.

The fingerprint scanners   【6】 (use) in smartphones are so small that they only read parts of fingerprints. So they have to take many scans of your finger or thumb (拇指) 【7】 they work properly. Smartphones also let users save several finger and thumbprints. Since a print only has to match one of the saved images 【8】 (unlock) the phone, the scanner is more likely to make mistakes.

Although the scientists have only tested their findings in computer simulations (模拟), 【9】 (worry) about the safety of using fingerprints are reasonable .They warn that the technology used to create artificial fingerprints is improving   【10】 (extreme) fast.

38、阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

I am a proud mother of three children, my last little one being delivered in the middle of this pandemic. She was born in August and her name is Aida.

Shortly after having Aida, my mother-in-law Ann showed me something she learned from her friend’s mother in an art class she attended weekly. She had showed me how to knit (编织) a scarf. She showed me stitches (针) and gave me her half done project.

I spent a lot of time breastfeeding my sweet little girl, so I had some extra time to do something with my hands throughout the day. I enjoyed making the scarf so I purchased tons of yarn (线) since it was winter. I wanted to make scarves for my three children as Christmas gifts.

There was a new family that moved in down the street. The only daughter of the family was Jane, a shy girl, aged 14, the same age of my oldest son David. It seemed that she came from a financially disadvantaged family, for she always wore old clothes. Worse sill, in such cold days, she had no more clothes to wear and trembled with cold.

Due to the pandemic, society was thrown into crisis mode. Schools were closed, food supplies and deliveries were suspended and children were stuck at home. In such discouraging times, however, they became good companions, talking and playing at home or around the houses.

It was dreadfully cold this winter. Every time David came back from outside, with red face, he always cried, “Mum, it is freezing outside!” Then, he came over to see whether I finished the scarf. I could tell how impatient he was to wear my scarf sooner! I had to speed the project to satisfy his expectation. But David comforted me saying he could wait a few days. What a kind and considerate boy he was ! Then my great art project finally was accomplished on the morning ahead of Christmas.

注意：

1. 续写词数应为150左右；

2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

I wrapped the scarf around David’s neck.

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Later that day David came back saying Jane also deserved a scarf.

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

39、假如你是李华，你的朋友Tom写信给你说每次遇到重要考试，他都会感到焦虑。请你用英语给他写一封回信并提出建议：

1.正确认识考试

2.考前制定好合适的复习计划

3.考试期间正常作息，睡前洗热水澡、喝热牛奶等有助于睡眠

注意：1.不要逐句翻译，可适当增加细节以使行文连贯

2.词数：100个左右

Dear Tom ,

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours sincerely

Li Hua

40、阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。

Eighty-five percent of the jobs that today's students will do in 2030 don't exist yet,the Institute for the Future has predicted.That might seem like a high number to reach in only 10 years.But think about the non-mainstream careers that did not exist just a handful of years ago: social media manager,app developer and cloud computing engineer,etc.What role should colleges and universities play in preparing students for a workplace that is constantly changing? Educational institutions are trying to answer that question."We hope they will not only be prepared for whatever the job market looks like in 10,20 or 50 years but be the ones shaping it," said Jenn Stringer,professor at the University of Californian,Berkeley.Here are some of the approaches they're taking.

Some experts argue that the four-year learning model needs to be rethought in a big way. They say education can no longer be seen as something that stops when a person graduates from college.If students could take a year or two off school,get a job,and then return to school a few years later,the education system would offer true life-long learning and better adapt to changing technology.

Fewer employers are willing to train people on the job than the employers 50 years ago, largely as part of an effort to cut costs.To fill the job skills gap,some courses are offered as an add-on to a student's main degree.For example,the courses may include data analysis,web design and digital marketing.The goal is to offer students,a degree aside,some advantages when they seek jobs or promotions in the future.

Other institutions are trying to imitate the workplace within the traditional classroom. Several colleges have partnered with private companies,such as the software company Adobe, to integrate their products into the classroom.Professors at schools who partner with the company are encouraged to use the product for assignments.The idea is that students learn how to create a project that can be used in the real world and the"soft skills"such as teamwork and creativity.

41、阅读下面短文, 根据其内容写一篇 60 词左右的内容概要。

Before a child starts school, his or her main role models are his or her parent or caregiver. Parents or caregivers with high self-esteem( 自尊) typically model this to the children, who will gradually pick up these ideas. Those who are influenced by negativity（否定性，消极态度), even if the negativity is not towards them, will often take the same way of thinking, leading to low self-esteem in childhood.

Continual praise for a child’s achievements plays a large part in a child’s view of himself or herself. Praising a child for acting as expected or something good often encourages him or her to repeat the same action and forms a sense of self-worth. Empty praise, however, can have the opposite（相反的）effect. A child who is praised for anything will stop believing the words, and the empty praise will have little effect on self-esteem in childhood or possibly a negative effect.

Providing a child with responsibilities based on his or her abilities is also important in the development of self-esteem in childhood. Making a child feel like a helpful member of a family or group, whether at home or school, helps to form a higher sense of confidence in his or her abilities. However, giving a child unfit responsibilities or tasks can do no good to the development of high self-esteem in childhood.

Each person has strengths and weaknesses. A child can build up his or her confidence level when he/she is encouraged to take part in activities ,which can provide him or her with chances to work on weaknesses(缺点) in a helpful environment . Children who are given the opportunities to use their unique skills to help others or improve themselves have higher self-esteem than those who are not given the same chances or who are pushed into activities that they do not enjoy or do not have an ability to do.

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________