无锡2025-2026学年第二学期期末教学质量检测试题(卷)高一英语

1、His mother did _______ she could ______ the boy.

A.what help B.that help C.what to help D.that to help

2、So ______ to Coca-Cola that he can hardly go without it.

A. addicted is he B. is he addicted

C. addicted he is D. he is addicted

3、“We pray for the firefighters who   their best to deal with this desperate situation now," the spokesman said immediately he heard about the big fire.

A.are trying B.have tried C.had tried D.will try

4、________ from heart trouble for years, Professor White has to take some medicine with him wherever he goes.

A．Suffered

B．Suffering

C．Having suffered

D．Being suffered

5、I’ll never forget the day ___ I spent with them .

A．in which

B．on which

C．when

D．that

6、Is this school ________ we visited 3 years ago?

A.that B.where C.which D.the one

7、Out _____, with a stick in his hand.

A.did he rush B.rushed he

C.he rushed D.he did rush

8、Don’t look at your smart phone when crossing this busy street. If you do so, you may _____ run over by a car.

A.become B.get C.turn D.remain

9、________ to ________ the nature reserve, the local people prevented the construction workers  from entering their villages.

A. Opposed; developing B. Opposing; developing

C. Opposing; develop D. Opposed; develop

10、Jane can’t attend the meeting at 3 o’clock this afternoon because she _________ a class at that time.

A．have taught

B．will teach

C．will be teaching

D．is teaching

11、His account of events does not _____ with hers.

A.correspond B.compare C.circulate D.convey

12、Don’t let failure _____ you, for you can never tell how close you may be to victory.

A. display B. dissolve

C. discount D. discourage

13、This is the first time the students ______ to Hyde Park.

A. have been visited B. have visited

C. have gone D. are being gone

14、A graduate from Tsinghua University has chosen to work as an urban management officer, or chengguan, a highly _____ occupation, which make bad impressions on people.

A.ridiculous B.contemporary C.controversial D.conventional

15、It is well known _____Confucius was born in the city of Qufu in Shandong province, China.

A．whether

B．where

C．that

D．what

16、These eighteen-century oil paintings are _______ so well that the visitors are greatly amazed.

A.preserved B.protested C.purchased D.punished

17、What a woman! I just wonder how she manages to keep smiling after all that she has ______.

A. figured out B. made up

C. taken away D. gone through

18、His conduct at the party is far from __________.

A.satisfactory B.satisfied C.satisfaction D.satisfy

19、Teaching is not just a simple piece of work: it’s an art_________ a science.

A.based against B.based on C.based with D.depended for

20、His story of what happened that night didn’t ________ the witness’s version.

A.try out B.put off C.speed up D.correspond with

21、It's surprising that this innocent-looking person should have _____ such a crime.

A.committed B.acted C.made D.performed

22、The conference ________ to discuss how to bring infections down to zero next week is of great significance.

A．to hold

B．having been held

C．to be held

D．being held

23、Between the two parts of the concert there was an interval, _____ audience can go and buy some snacks.

A.where B.when C.how D.why

24、I grabbed Norms arm and ________ him around to face me.

A. pinned B. wrapped

C. spun D. sprayed

25、The government has taken some measures to solve the shortage of electricity , but it may be some time _________the situation improves.

A. since B. when

C. before D. unless

26、   Not too long ago, our teacher, being a “ tree-hugger”(as the kids call her), had us write an essay on an environmental issue. I was eager to start, but something made me stop.

“What is an environmental issue?” one kid asked. “What if we don’t care about the environment?” another complained. “It’s not like it affects me.”

These comments astounded(使震惊) me. I have always cared about the environment and assumed that others did too. From the surprised look on my teacher’s face, I could tell she felt the same way.

In no time, I finished my essay. In my essay I wrote about logging(伐木), which is an important industry, but if we continue to cut down trees without replacing, it will damage the environment.

There are so many things that we can do to save our world. Recycling, of course, is always a good thing, but not everyone has a recycling plant nearby (I don’t). There are other ways to help the environment. Plant a tree. Don’t waste water.

I can’t stand it when a person’s excuse for not caring is “Nothing is going to happen in my lifetime, so why should I care?” Sure, the chances of something terrible happening are slim, but I want people to realize that if we don’t deal with it, someone will have to eventually. Do you want that to be your children? Or your children’s children?

When my teacher told me to read my essay to my class, I was a little embarrassed because I didn’t want everyone to call me “tree-hugger”. I realize now that if being a tree-hugger means you care about the environment, I’m a tree-hugger 100 percent. I just wish more people were.

【1】Why do the students call their teacher “tree-hugger”?

A. She likes hugging trees. B. She knows a lot about trees.

C. She grew up in the countryside. D. She cares a lot about the environment.

【2】Paragraph 5 is mainly about _____ .

A. what we can recycle B. how we can save the earth

C. why we should protect the earth D. what damage we are doing to the earth

【3】We can infer from the passage that _____ .

A. the students don’t like the teacher

B. the teacher liked the author’s essay

C. the author is ashamed of being a tree-hugger

D. the author should have written a better essay

27、   Six months after a Chinese scientist was widely condemned for helping to make the world's first gene-edited babies, he remains out of public view, and new information suggests that others may be interested in undertaking the same kind of work outside the United States.

A clinic in the United Arab Emirates city of Dubai emailed scientist He Jiankui to seek training in gene editing, Stanford University bioethicist Dr. William Hurlbut said ahead of a speech Tuesday at the World Science Festival in New York.

Hurlbut, whose advice He often sought, said He told him that scientists from multiple countries and families with inherited health problems had messaged support and interest in altering the genes of embryos(胚胎)to prevent or treat disease. Hurlbut gave The Associated Press the email the Dubai clinic sent to He in December but decided to hide the clinic's name.

"It reveals what eagerness there is out there to use this technology" and the need "for some sort of practical governance" of it, Hurlbut said.

Jennifer Doudna, a University of California, Berkeley, co-inventor of the CRISPR gene-editing tool that He used, said that she also has heard of others who want to edit embryos.

"I think they're entirely credible," she said of such reports. Doudna, who was also a speaker at the New York festival, said the field needs to focus on setting specific principles for how and when such work should proceed.

"The technology is frankly just not ready for clinical use in human embryos," although research should continue, she said. Doudna is paid by the Howard Hughes Medical Institute, which also supports AP's Health and Science Department.

Scientists and policy leaders have been debating how to set international standards or controls since He claimed in November that he had altered the genes of twin girls at conception(怀孕)to try to help them resist possible future infection with the AIDS virus.

Editing embryos is outlawed in many countries because it risks damaging other genes, and the DNA changes can be passed to future generations. Many scientists have condemned He's work, and attention has fallen on other scientists who knew or strongly suspected what He was doing.

【1】What is the email the Dubai clinic sent to He Jiankui probably about?

A.Expectation of gene editing training. B.Inherited health problems.

C.Eagerness to use the technology. D.Practical governance in need.

【2】Why does Doudna think that there is need to put governance on gene-editing?

A.Because there is decreasing eagerness to use the technology of altering the genes of embryos.

B.Because the clinic use of the technology in human embryos is still in inadequate preparation.

C.Because the evidence showing people's need of the technology is just completely unbelievable.

D.Because some scientists or doctors may use the technology with the aim of making profits.

【3】What can we infer from the passage?

A.He Jiankui used to held consultations with Hurlbut on gene editing.

B.It's still illegal to edit the genes of embryos in many countries.

C.How to set international standards or controls over gene-editing is still in heated debate.

D.Doudna assisted He Jiankui by providing a tool to alter the genes of twin girls at conception.

【4】Which of the following can be the best title of this passage?

A.He Opens a New Age in Genetics

B.The First Gene-edited Babies in the World

C.A New Method of Preventing diseases

D.Gene-edited Babies Debate Continues

28、The snow in Antarctica is turning green and scientists say climate change may be to blame. According to a study at the Cambridge University, microscopic algae blooms (藻类爆发) across the surface of the snow is slowly turning Antarctica’s winter white landscape green. Although microscopic, scientists say they’re able to see the “green snow” from space when the algae blooms all together.

Researchers created a large-scale map of green snow algae along the Antarctic coast using a combination of satellite data and on-the-ground observations over the course of two summers. The study found that the green snow algae bloomed in warmer areas where the average temperatures are just above 0℃ during the southern hemisphere’s (半球的) summer months from November to February.

“As Antarctica warms, we predict the overall mass of snow algae will increase,” said Dr Andrew Gray, lead author of the paper, and a researcher. Researchers say larger blooms of algae can be found north of the Antarctic and South Shetland Islands, where it can spread to higher ground as the snow melts.

The team also discovered some sea birds and mammals influenced the distribution of algae. Over 60% of algae blooms were found within three miles of a penguin settlement. Scientists hypothesize this may be due to their droppings, which act as a “highly nutritious fertilizer.”

“This is a significant advance in our understanding of land-based life on Antarctica, and how it might change in the coming years as the climate warms,” said Dr. Matt Davey in the University of Cambridge’s Department of Plant Sciences, who led the study.

【1】What is turning the Antarctic snow green?

A．The melting of snow.

B．The blooming algae.

C．The beautiful landscape.

D．The balanced temperature.

【2】Where is microscopic algae most likely to bloom in Antarctica?

A．North of the Antarctic.

B．West of the South Pole.

C．South of the Antarctic.

D．Around the southern hemisphere.

【3】What does the underlined word “hypothesize” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?

A．Confirm.

B．Support.

C．Assume.

D．Warn.

【4】What can we learn from the text?

A．Penguins feed on microscopic algae.

B．Antarctic algae grow under the snow.

C．Ground observation lasted for four months.

D．Animal droppings contribute to the algae blooms.

29、   Nature is the best laboratory for learning about nature. For ten years, every student at Wadsworth Middle School has been looking forward to his or her turn to attend a three-day science camp. 【1】 Science camp is important to the students, and we must raise the money necessary to save it.

Without science camp, students will miss out on a unique learning experience. In science class, they learn to identify rocks by picking them up out of a box. 【2】 Science camp also lets students experiment with different forms of energy. For example, students get to build miniature (微型的) steam engines that are powered by campfires. They also make solar panels that heat camp water. These experiences would be tough to create in a classroom.

Science camp is for everybody, and it won’t be saved unless everybody helps raise money for it. To get started, Principal Jeffries and the student council could set up a “science camp fund (资金)” at a local bank. Every year, science camp costs $3,000. 【3】

Some people say it’s too much work to save science camp, but the fact is that if we all help out, we can reach our goal easily. 【4】 For example, we could hold a talent auction (拍卖). By washing cars, babysitting, or using other talents, students can meet the goal. We could also hold a bake sale. Students could even ask local businesses to sponsor them.

【5】 If we all work together, we’ll easily raise the money to save it.

A.Students can raise money in many ways.

B.Now it might be canceled because of budget cuts.

C.They investigate the world through hands-on science.

D.Science camp is perfect for creative and curious ones.

E.Science camp is a great tradition that deserves to be saved.

F.That sounds expensive, but if every student raises just $10, the fund would be filled.

G.At science camp, they learn to identify rocks by finding them in mountain sides or river beds.

30、   Praveen and I had set off into the air at last. The______was just one part of our plan to fly around the world.

When we were flying over a mountain, our plane suddenly began to______and was in flames, but its body with both of us _____fell to the earth. Soon we found that it was an empty ____ with sea water around it.

We______to search a place for shelter since we ______knew when we could be rescued. We went up a hill and began to______a place with fresh water and some fruit trees nearby. Suddenly, we heard a(n) _____cry. I said to Praveen, “What ____ can be calling so strangely?” He said, “It might not be a bird. It may be a huge animal. Who______?” The cry was heard again and we saw a shadow coming closer. “Look out, Praveen!” I said. He was _____and shouted loudly like a ____ man. I was also afraid but I tried to catch the shadowy figure, To our______, it was a sheep. It almost frightened us to death.

We ______a place in between the fruit trees and the fresh water spring for_______a camp. We brought wood, dried grass and leaves from the nearby trees. In case of _____, we could go to the caves nearby. The cliffs could help us in ______the attention of any rescuing party.

Soon after two days, a helicopter _______us and we were rescued. This adventure was simply a brush with death but our _____, fearlessness and knowledge of islands kept us ____. We came to know that this island was called Topo.

【1】A.trip B.meeting C.task D.visit

【2】A.fly B.burn C.land D.turn

【3】A.safe B.asleep C.free D.strong

【4】A.village B.hill C.cave D.island

【5】A.promised B.happened C.needed D.continued

【6】A.never B.still C.always D.also

【7】A.depend on B.look for C.describe D.imagine

【8】A.warning B.small C.strange D.angry

【9】A.baby B.bird C.sheep D.rescuer

【10】A.cares B.hears C.wants D.knows

【11】A.quiet B.brave C.frightened D.worried

【12】A.stupid B.shy C.mad D.nervous

【13】A.surprise B.excitement C.sadness D.expectation

【14】A.shared B.chose C.saw    D.took

【15】A.showing off B.picking out C.giving out D.setting up

【16】A.danger B.injury C.sickness D.failure

【17】A.paying B.keeping C.attracting D.avoiding

【18】A.saved B.caught C.passed D.found

【19】A.chance B.help C.kindness D.courage

【20】A.awake B.busy C.alive D.lucky

31、   A couple of weeks ago, when some friends and I took a trip to Amsterdam, the capital of the Netherlands, I immediately _______ it. Since we are all living in North Germany which is not very _______,it only took us a few hours on the train _______ we were at the heart of this _______ city. The minute we stepped off the _______, we were surrounded by _______ architecture and weaving canals.

We stayed at a youth hostel( 旅社),which was a typical tall Dutch house with lots of stairs. I _______ staying in youth hostel; it is such a great _______ to meet people from all over the world and _______ your different experiences and ________ We stayed in a room with an Argentinian, who we befriended right away, and we spent a lot of ________ together.

During our stay, we made sure to make the most of what Amsterdam has to ________ We took a boat trip through the ________, which gave us some great ________ of the fantastic architecture and canals. We also made sure to go to the Van Gogh Museum, which is one of the city's most famous tourist attractions, and consists of a ________ collection of his work, along with details of his ________ and the work of other artists that knew him. One of my favourite parts of the trip, though it was rather ________, was our visit to the Anne F rank Museum. She was a Jewish girl who hid with her family for 2 years before the Nazis ________ them and sent them to the death camps. It was a very ________ experience, and certainly worth seeing.

Overall, I think Amsterdam is one of my favourite cities that I have ever been to, and I would love to ________someday!

A．remembered

B．loved

C．recognized

D．knew

A．hilly

B．open

C．similar

D．far

A．before

B．when

C．unless

D．since

A．remote

B．warm

C．beautiful

D．industrial

A．train

B．taxi

C．boat

D．flight

A．strange

B．modern

C．low

D．amazing

A．regret

B．enjoy

C．imagine

D．miss

A．difference

B．pity

C．decision

D．chance

A．protect

B．declare

C．share

D．ignore

A．clothes

B．cultures

C．attitude

D．knowledge

A．time

B．money

C．energy

D．effort

A．create

B．teach

C．offer

D．promise

A．city

B．country

C．field

D．bridge

A．news

B．expectations

C．views

D．ideas

A．recent

B．huge

C．daily

D．growing

A．performance

B．life

C．team

D．progress

A．interesting

B．terrible

C．crazy

D．sad

A．found

B．served

C．blamed

D．misunderstood

A．subjective

B．common

C．direct

D．moving

A．visit

B．travel

C．return

D．go

32、I fell in love with Yosemite National Park the first time I saw it, when I was 13. My parents took us there for camping. On the way out, I asked them to wait while I ran up to E1 Capitan, a _______ rock of 3,300 feet straight up. I touched that giant rock and knew _______ I wanted to climb it. That has been my life’s passion (钟爱) ever since — _______ the rocks and mountains of Yosemite. I’ve long made Yosemite my _______

About 15 years ago I started seeing a lot of _______, like toilet paper, beer cans, and empty boxes, around the area. It’s _______ me why visitors started respecting the place less and treated such a _______ home-like place this way.

I tried _______ trash (垃圾) myself, but the job was too big. I would _______ an hour or two on the job, only to find the area trashed all over again weeks later. Finally, I got so ________ it that I decided something had to ________.

As a rock-climbing guide, I knew ________ about organizing any big event. But in 2004, together with some climbers, I set a date for a ________. On that day, more than 300 people ________. Over three days we collected about 6,000 pounds of trash. It was ________ how much we were able to accomplish. I couldn’t believe the ________ we made — the park looked clean!

Each year volunteers come for the cleanup from everywhere. In 2007 alone, 2,945 people picked up 42,330 pounds of trash and ________ 132 miles of roadway.

I often hear people ________ about their surroundings. If you are one of them, I would say the only way to change things is by ________ rather than complaining .We need to teach by ________. You can’t blame others unless you start with yourself.

【1】

A．distant

B．hard

C．loose

D．huge

【2】

A．gradually

B．finally

C．immediately

D．recently

【3】

A．painting

B．climbing

C．measuring

D．approaching

【4】

A．home

B．palace

C．garden

D．shelter

【5】

A．dust

B．waste

C．materials

D．resources

【6】

A．against

B．over

C．beyond

D．within

【7】

A．new

B．safe

C．happy

D．beautiful

【8】

A．picking up

B．breaking down

C．throwing away

D．digging out

【9】

A．wait

B．save

C．kill

D．spend

【10】

A．delighted in

B．tired of

C．satisfied with

D．used to

【11】

A．aim

B．stress

C．change

D．depend

【12】

A．nothing

B．anything

C．everything

D．something

【13】

A．concert

B．picnic

C．party

D．cleanup

【14】

A．showed up

B．called back

C．dropped out

D．looked around

【15】

A．puzzling

B．amazing

C．amusing

D．interesting

【16】

A．plan

B．visit

C．difference

D．contact

【17】

A．covered

B．crossed

C．measured

D．designed

【18】

A．argue

B．complain

C．quarrel

D．talk

【19】

A．thinking

B．questioning

C．doing

D．watching

【20】

A．method

B．explanation

C．research

D．example

33、A Teen's Story of Courage

The government of India issued a lockdown in March due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

The _________ was badly affected by the pandemic. _________, millions of people lost their jobs, including Mohan Paswan-the _________ of 15-year-old Jyoti Kumari. They had no money for _________ and for food, so the landlord threatened to kick them out and _________ their electricity. Kumari and her father's only _________ was to return to their home village in Bihar, which was more than 1,200 kilometers away.

_____ there were special _________ for migrants who wished to return home, Paswan was not able to walk to the railway station due to a(n) _________ from a traffic accident. Out of __________, Kumari used the 20 dollars they had left to buy a pink bike and __________ on May 8th for the village.

Kumari would __________ in the front, while her father would sit on the back seat with heavy luggage. They traveled more than 100 kilometers a day and only __________ at gas stations to sleep at night. Along the way, they __________ kind strangers who gave them food and encouragement ; one truck driver even __________ the father and the daughter a ride for 30 miles.

They __________ arrived at the village on May 15th and were reunited with their family. This story of a __________ girl has moved the hearts of many people including the __________ of the national team and a director. Kumari has been invited to join the Indian __________ team in the 2024 and 2028 Olympics and has also received an offer to __________ as herself in an upcoming movie.

【1】

A．population

B．ecology

C．election

D．employment

【2】

A．Therefore

B．However

C．Furthermore

D．Anyway

【3】

A．uncle

B．boss

C．teacher

D．father

【4】

A．clothes

B．rent

C．tuition

D．recreation

【5】

A．cut out

B．cut up

C．cut off

D．cut in

【6】

A．hope

B．aim

C．effort

D．plan

【7】

A．Even though

B．As though

C．Now that

D．In case

【8】

A．bikes

B．trains

C．flights

D．buses

【9】

A．loss

B．sickness

C．injury

D．hurt

【10】

A．control

B．trouble

C．desperation

D．patience

【11】

A．set about

B．set aside

C．set in

D．set off

【12】

A．drive

B．pedal

C．lead

D．run

【13】

A．rested

B．stopped

C．refueled

D．sat

【14】

A．confronted

B．contacted

C．found

D．encountered

【15】

A．made

B．picked

C．gave

D．provided

【16】

A．finally

B．quickly

C．immediately

D．properly

【17】

A．wise

B．kind

C．brave

D．honest

【18】

A．actor

B．coach

C．nurse

D．educator

【19】

A．cyclist

B．motorist

C．tourist

D．journalist

【20】

A．film

B．perform

C．show

D．star

34、Directions: Complete the following passages by using the words in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

Tablets are really useful devices, but their big screens always make them a burden to carry around without a bag. Wouldn’t it be great if there were a phone with the powers of a tablet that could be folded up and fit 【1】 into the hand?

Now something like a tablet-shaped but fold-able phone is about to become 【2】. In February, South Korean electronics company Samsung and China’s Huawei both unveiled fold-able phones Galaxy Fold and Huawei Mate X 【3】. Mobile phone use has entered the “fold-able future”, The Verge noted.

The technology could change our lives in significant ways. These devices, due to their 【4】 screens, give us the larger screens we want. Meanwhile, they still fit easily into the pocket. As USA Today noted, they’re “the 【5】 of a small tablets and smart-phone, all in a single device”.

The technology could 【6】 other devices too. For example, we could make TVs that stick to walls like posters, or fold up easily to hide away in drawers. In crowded modem cities, they will help us to 【7】 available space.

In a keynote address, Samsung’s senior vice president of mobile product marketing, Justin Denison, called the fold-able screen “the 【8】 for the smart-phone of tomorrow.” “It’s a balank canvas for us to do something beautiful together,” he said.

So is there nothing to stand in the way of the fold-able future?

According to tech news website Android authority, the necessary displays were difficult to produce. In 2012, nine out of every to OLED screens produced were 【9】. Today, that 10 percent rate has been improved to between 50 and 90 percent. However, at present these fold-able devices are expensive. For example, the price of Huawei Mate X is 17,500 RMB. That’s a price that may 【10】 the majority of people.

But if the fold-able device isn’t going to change the world overnight, there is no doubt that it is coming.

Patrick Moor-head, an industry analyst told The Verge, “Few are debating if fold-able or roll-able mobile displays are the future of smart-phones; the only question is when and by whom.”

35、

Rapidly advancing technology and its impact on education has been a subject of debate. How can schools equip students with the skills they need to succeed in a challenging job market?

Since technology is driving these changes, there is a theory that governments should keep focusing on STEM subjects. These are often referred to as “hard skills,” which are 【1】 in primary school and right through to university level. In the meantime, ‘soft skills’ are being 【2】.

This is a mistake. Much evidence suggests that soft skills are far more 【3】 to graduates in the long term. Research from Harvard University on the global job market has shown that STEM- related careers grew strongly between 1989 and 2000 but have slowed down since. In contrast, jobs in the creative industries----the sector probably most 【4】 with the need for soft skills---are growing rapidly. Soft skills are, in fact, increasingly in demand in the workplace: Google cites creativity, leadership 【5】 and communication skills as top requirements for both potential and current employees.

So why are soft skills so highly 【6】 for?

With the rapid evolution of technology, a focus on hard skills leaves students 【7】 to change, as these often have a short shelf life. According to research by World Economic Forum, more than one in four adults reports a mismatch between their skills and those needed for their job role. If soft skills are taught well, these skills should enable students to adapt to change more easily and progress further in their 【8】 career.

Of course, technical skills are important. But without the curriculum placing equal--- if not greater --- 【9】 on soft skills, our education systems are missing a huge trick. Hard skills may help a student get a job in a particular industry, but soft skills will help them disrupt it, achieving a wider 【10】 in their chosen field.

36、Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

Driving an electric car 【1】 to the protection of environment, or so the marketing departments of their makers would have you believe. Yet a report which analyzes car emissions presents a rather different picture. A battery-powered car recharged with 【2】 generated by coal-fired power stations, it found, is likely to be more harmful. It could cause more than three times as many deaths from pollution as a 【3】 petrol-driven vehicle.

The study was carried out by the University of Minnesota. The researchers estimated how levels of fine particulate matter (细颗粒物) and ground-level ozone — two important 【4】 of air pollution — would change when a car is powered by different ways.

It was no surprise that electric cars whose batteries were recharged with power from wind, solar or hydro-electric sources came out to be virtually free from harmful 【5】. They were estimated to cause 231 deaths over the course of a year, compared with 878 for petrol cars. Electric cars recharged with power from natural gas-fired stations were also a lot less harmful than petrol-driven ones, with 439 deaths. But if those same electric cars were recharged 【6】 by coal, they would be responsible for over 3,000 deaths.

Biofuels also caused more health problems than petrol. But diesel, which often  【7】 concern about pollution, is slightly cleaner than petrol. This is because the study assumes for all cars that emission-control technologies will be more widely used, especially particulate filters which have a remarkable effect on cleaning diesel 【8】. Diesel cars are also more 【9】 of fuel than petrol-driven ones.

Overall, the study shows that electric cars are cleaner than those traditional vehicles only if the power used to charge then is also clean. That is hardly a surprise, but the 【10】 of the difference is. How green electric cars really are, then, will depend mainly on where they are driven. In France, which obtains more than half of its power from nuclear station, electric cars look like a good bet. In China and some other developing countries, where a large amount of electricity is produced from coal, they may not be so environment- friendly as they are marketed.

37、Directions: Complete the following passages by using the words in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

Why Cold weather Causes So many Flight Cancellation?

Each year, about 60,000 flights get canceled because of bad winter weather, which costs airlines and airports an estimated $3 billion. But it’s not the freezing cold temperatures that cause problems for planes. After all, 【1】 jets fly 10 kilometers up, where temperatures hover around -50 degrees Celsius.

In fact, planes 【2】 in cold weather, since cold air is denser and leads to better thrust. Clearly, the real problem isn’t what’s going on up there. It’s what’s happening on the ground.

When a 【3】 polar vortex (极地涡旋) struck the Midwestern US in January 2019, temperatures dropped to -40 degrees Celsius and airline canceled 3,000 flights nationwide. In these situations, when temperatures start 【4】, everything slows down. Cargo doors can freeze up, along with the nozzles that pump fuel into planes, which delays the 【5】 process.

Even the plane itself can freeze over. Just a quarter-inch - thick layer of ice on a plane can disrupt the way air flows over its wings.

Les Westbrooks: The number one reason, I would say, that the reason flights get delayed in cold weather is going to be because there’s some kind of frozen precipitation, from frost to snow to a sheet of ice, adhering to the aircraft, adhering to the wings of the aircraft 【6】.

That’s Les Westbrooks, a retired airline pilot and an associate professor of aeronautical science at Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University. He says that 【7】, these planes are “de-iced” - but this also delays takeoff. The crew can spray the plane with a special hot water/ glycol mixture. It can take around 40 minutes to de-ice large passenger airplanes, so planes often have to wait “their turn” for the de-icing station, which, of course, can trigger more delays.

And ice on the runway, of course, creates another set of 【8】. In 2014, a plane at JFK skidded off an icy runway and into a mound of snow, leading to an hours-long shutdown at the airport. And even though crews can remove ice from the runway, scraping it off the pavement can lead to potholes (坑洞) and other 【9】, which makes takeoffs and landings more dangerous. And of course, snow and freezing rain on the ground can affect visibility to the point where officials have to decide it’s not safe to fly at all.

But if ice and snow aren’t the problem in these extremely cold temperatures, it’s usually another factor: people.

Les Westbrooks: The airplane flies at high altitudes, -60 degrees. It’s made to do that. Humans are not made to be outside in -60 degrees weather. And so the human factor becomes a big, big factor, when it becomes extremely cold.

Baggage handlers, aircraft fuelers, and mechanics all have to stay warm. Some airports, like O’Hare in Chicago, set up heated shelters for their employees. Of course, with everyone taking breaks to warm up, not as much gets done, which leads to even more delays and cancellations. Passengers start missing their 【10】 flights, and that, along with passengers who can’t make it to the airport due to bad road conditions, leads to half-empty planes.

In fact, many airlines might preemptively cancel flights before bad weather even hits. So, in the end, you can still blame cold weather for cancelling your flight.

38、为了丰富校园生活，给学生提供展示才艺的机会，你校英语社将于近日组织“校园好声音”云歌曲大赛。你受委托写一份通知，内容包括：

1. 主题：爱与和平；

2. 要求：上传视频到百度云(Baidu Cloud)；

3. 截止时间：7月20日下午4点。

注意：1. 词数80左右；

2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

NOTICE

The notice is to inform that the English Club is organizing its 2020 Best School Voice online competition.

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July 14th, 2020 the English Club

39、阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。

CLEAN UP YOUR BUTTS AND BAGS

All sorts of items become litter, but two of the most common and most dangerous are cigarette butts and plastic bags. Litter is a big problem for our environment, but it is a problem that individuals can easily do something about. Not littering at all or cleaning up litter, such as cigarette butts and plastic bags, greatly improves the quality of our environment.

Although cigarette butts are small, they are bad for the environment. Over 1,600 billion cigarettes are smoked each year in China and large quantities of the butts are thrown away. Worldwide, about 4.5 trillion butts are littered every year. Apart from the fact that butts spoil the beauty of the environment, they contain some very toxic chemicals. These find their way into the water supply where they decrease the quality of the water and endanger plants and animals that live there. Because there are so many butts and because they can take up to 5 years to break down, the toxic chemicals add up to a large amount. So, if people have to smoke, they should not throw away the butts but put them in the rubbish bin instead.

Plastic bags are another common form of litter that is a danger to the environment. There are several reasons for this. They are made from oil and gas, which are non-renewable resources, if they are not recycled, these resources are lost to us. In China, 2 billion plastic bags are used every day. An enormous number of these become litter. This is a huge problem because they last from 20 to 1,000 years in the environment. They float easily in air and water and travel long distances. They find their way to rivers, parks, beaches and oceans. Plastic bags kill up to one million seabirds, 100,000 sea mammals and countless fish each year worldwide. When the animal dies and breaks down, the plastic bag can become free again to kill another animal. It is up to people not to let plastic bags become litter. It would be better if they used fewer and recycled them.

Cleaning up your cigarette butts and plastic bags would improve the environment. The earth would be a better place because it would be less polluted. And we would know that we were doing something to look after our planet. However, I believe the best solution would be not to smoke or use plastic bags at all.

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40、假设你是育才中学学生会主席(chairman of the Students’ Union)李华。你校将举办一次英语演讲比赛（speech contest），希望附近大学的外籍教师Smith 女生来做评委(judge)。请你给她写一封信。

英语演讲比赛的主题：人与自然

时间：6月10日下午2：---5：

地点：501教室

参赛选手：8名

联系人：李华（电话44876655）

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41、假如你是李华，你的朋友 Linda刚通过了英语风采大赛（talent show）的初赛，即将参加决赛。她来信请你提供建议，请你写一封回信，内容如下：

1. 表示祝贺

2. 提供建议（至少两条）

3. 鼓励

注意：1. 大约100个单词

2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

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