钦州2025-2026学年第二学期期末教学质量检测试题(卷)高三英语

1、He speaks English well indeed, but of course not ________ as a native speaker.

A. as fluent   B. more fluent   C. so fluently D. much fluently

2、This dictionary, which I bought yesterday, has been highly______by my professor.

A.acknowledged B.appealed C.recommended D.commanded

3、I won’t tell the student the answer to the math problem until he______ on it for more than an hour.

A. has been working B. will have worked

C. will have been working D. had worked

4、Because of the pandemic（传染病）, days are gone _____ people go wherever they want.

A.if B.when C.which D.since

5、We didn’t get a hotel room because we ______ in advance.

A. hadn’t booked   B. haven’t booked

C. weren’t booking   D. wouldn’t book

6、Modem TVs use many of the ________ first discovered by Farnsworth, who contributed a lot to the development of TV

A.platforms B.principles C.sources D.symptoms

7、在平面直角坐标系中，点的坐标为，点在轴上，直线经过点，并与轴交于点，直线与相交于点；

（1）求直线的解析式；

（2）点是线段上一点，过点作交于点，若四边形为平行四边形，求点坐标.

8、Someone who_____ you to something you are not comfortable doing will stress you out.

A.asks B.pressures C.strains D.stresses

9、I didn’t see your sister at the party. If she ____, she would have met my brother.

A. has come B. did come C. would D. had come

10、Many young people in the west are expected to leave ________ could be life’s most important decision—marriage—almost entirely up to luck.

A．as   B．that   C．which D．What

11、Ronny's steps________, and there was a moment of absolute silence.

A.died down B.died away C.died off D.died out

12、_____ is often the case, we have worked out the production plan.

A. Which   B. When   C. What   D. As

13、In the developing world, one out of 300 women die __________ breast cancer every year.

A.as usual as B.as a consequence of

C.as for D.as to

14、I’m so glad you’ve come here to ________ this matter in person.

A.lead to B.see to C.turn to D.refer to

15、We can’t make out his ______ of the article because there are too many technical terms in it.

A. fiction B. abstract

C. claim D. principle

16、The majority of people in the town strongly ______ the plan to build a playground for children.

A. consider B. support

C. confirm D. continue

17、When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it _______.

A. breaks B. has broken

C. were broken D. had been broken

18、The young teacher has ________ ambitious.

A. been proved to be B. proved to be

C. been proved D. proved being

19、The majority of the office equipment, as well as two windows, ________ repaired yesterday.

A．were

B．was

C．are

D．is

20、Reading materials for children entered schools to help them develop the habit of garbage sorting at a young age.

A.having intended B.having been intended

C.intended D.intending

21、Since this accident has nothing to do with him, he seems no way ______.

A. to be blamed B. to blame

C. blamed for D. to blame for

22、It was President Xi Jinping ______ visited the navy troops on April 19 and advocated that naval force ______.

A. who; be strengthened B. that; would be strengthened

C. who; to be strengthened D. that; must be strengthened

23、Lisa was angry with Joe because she couldn’t _____ his disrespect to the kind man who had helped them out.

A. violate B. allocate C. relate D. tolerate

24、A major fire broke out at Notre-Dame Cathedral in central Paris, ______ the construction dates back to the year 1163.

A. where B. of which

C. in which D. whose

25、The manager and heads of the sections will spend the morning _______ in the meeting room, ________ the problems they are facing.

A.locking; discussing B.locked; discussed

C.locked; discussing D.locking; discussed

26、Like many of the arts, music flourished during the Zhou dynasty. From this period we have instruments, models of performers, descriptions of musicians and dancers, and the Shijing, or The Book of Poetry, which contains poems and songs of court and common people during the Zhou dynasty. It is likely that music played an extremely important role in the Zhou dynasty for all social classes.

One of the most important sources of information the researchers have regarding Zhou-dynasty music is from the tomb of the Marquis Yi of Zeng (433 B. C. E.). This tomb was uncovered in 1977 in Hubei Province and contained the most extensive and well-preserved set of musical instruments ever found in an ancient Chinese tomb. This four-chamber (室) tomb was designed in imitation of a palace with a central courtyard, reflecting the belief that the Marquis Yi would require the same comforts in the afterlife that he had enjoyed during his lifetime. The central chamber of the tomb, which reflected a palace courtyard, contained most of the musical instruments found, including a complete set of sixty-five graduated bells fixed on wooden shelves. In addition, twenty-one young women were buried with the Marquis Yi, some of whom were likely his favorite musicians and dancers.

The Marquis Yi’s set of sixty-five bells is remarkable for a variety of reasons. First, they are clearly dated—an inscription (碑文) indicates that the bells were a gift given to him in 433B. C. E. . Second, the bells were very expensive to produce and to purchase, particularly a set of this size, so they are further evidence of the Marquis Yi’s status. Finally, the bells, along with the other instruments in the room, illustrate what an instrumental band might have consisted of during this period. Scholars predict that it would have required twenty-four musicians to play all instruments at once.

There are still many gaps in our knowledge of ancient Chinese music, partly because there was no system for recording music in a written form.

【1】The Book of Poetry is mentioned in Paragraph 1 to ________.

A．show the significance of the book

B．show the popularity of music in the Zhou dynasty

C．describe the meaning and the history of the book

D．represent the life of people in the Zhou dynasty

【2】According to the passage, what can we know about the tomb?

A．It contains all kinds of musical instruments.

B．It is designed by the Marquis Yi of Zeng.

C．It reflects the wish of the Marquis Yi for his life after death.

D．It is of the same size as that of the palace.

【3】Why is the set of sixty-five bells extraordinary?

A．Because it might prove the Marquis Yi’s position.

B．Because it was difficult to buy at that time.

C．Because it once was an expensive gift.

D．Because it needs 24 performers to play at the same time.

【4】In which column of the newspaper can we read the text?

A．Health.

B．Business.

C．Sports.

D．Art.

27、Health advice on hand sanitizers

Antibacterial hand sanitizers（免洗洗手液）are marketed as a good alternative（替代品）when soap and water are not available. Manufacturers say that their sanitizers kill 99.9 percent of germs（细菌）, but research suggests that this not the case.

How do hand sanitizers work?

Most sanitizers are alcohol-based; they work by removing the outer layer of oil on our skin, then the alcohol kills the bacteria.

However, Barbara Almanza, associate professor at Purdue University, notes that hand sanitizers do not significantly reduce the amount of bacteria, and in some cases, can increase it.

So the question arises, how can manufacturers say sanitizers kill 99.9 percent of bacteria?

How can manufacturers make the 99.9 percent claim（声称）?

Manufacturers test their products on bacteria-tainted surfaces. In this controlled environment, hand sanitizers do kill 99.9 percent of bacteria. However, the human hand is a lot more complex and goes through a lot of different changes in a day compared to a controlled surface.

These tests allow manufactures to obtain consistent results. But , in reality, how effective are hand sanitizers in killing bacteria in everyday life?

Hand sanitizer VS hand soap and water

Almanza says that soap and water are the best way to clean your hands. Hand sanitizer cannot and should not be a direct replacement.

However, they are a useful alternative. To effectively kill bacteria, studies recommend that people use sanitizers that are at least 60 percent alcohol. Also, sanitizers won’t work if you have dirty hands, so wipe them with a tissue or napkin before sanitizing.

What about antibacterial soaps?

Research has shown that regular soap is just as effective as antibacterial soap in reducing bacteria-related illnesses.

In fact, some consumer antibacterial soap may increase some bacteria’s resistance to antibiotics（抗生素）, making them more dangerous.

Other studies show that overly clean environments will negatively affect children by preventing their immune（免疫的）system development. Children need to fight off common germs to develop their immune systems.

【1】What do we know about antibacterial hand sanitizers?

A.Most work similarly to hand soap.

B.Most use alcohol to kill the bacteria.

C.Most can’t remove oil on our skin.

D.Most bring more bacteria to people.

【2】What problem does the research find about the manufacturers’ claim?

A.Their conclusion isn’t drawn from real-life environments.

B.Manufacturers don’t test their products before selling them.

C.Their products don’t kill the bacteria people usually have.

D.Manufacturers don’t tell the public how they get their conclusion.

【3】Which is the first choice to clean your hands, according to Almanza?

A.Wet tissue.

B.Hand sanitizer.

C.Hand soap and water.

D.60 percent alcohol and water.

【4】What does the text tell us about antibacterial soaps?

A.Some contain dangerous antibiotics.

B.They kill more bacteria than regular soaps.

C.They might be harmful for children’s development.

D.Some are proved to increase the amount of bacteria.

28、When you think about a deadly animal, you may think of a shark, a lion, or even an elephant. However, the truth is that the deadliest animal in the world is much smaller and more annoying. 【1】And it feeds on human blood, transporting numerous diseases from one person to the next. Figure it out, yet? Yes, it's the mosquito.

The numbers don't lie: According to the World Health Organization, more than 725, 000 people worldwide are killed by mosquito-borne diseases each year. These diseases include malaria(疟疾） dengue fever, yellow fever, and encephalitis, 【2】"Being able to adapt easily to new environments is one of the reasons why mosquitoes are the most deadly, "Bums Blackwell, an expert in pest control said.

【3】Mosquitoes have learned to lay eggs in as little as a few small drops of water and each female mosquito can lay between 50 and 500 eggs once. Their populations also reach the highest point at different times in different areas all over the world, making it nearly impossible to avoid being bitten【4】

In areas where there' re too many mosquitoes, local authorities try to control the population through routine pesticide(杀虫剂）applications. "We should protect ourselves by avoiding places where there is too much water, "said Bernard Cohen, MD, a professor at the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine. 【5】 Wear bug repellent(驱虫剂）that contains DEET(up to 30 percent)when heading outdoors, and reapply it about every four hours.

A．Most of the diseases can be cured in a short time.

B．There are more than 100 varieties of this thing on earth.

C．He also stresses that a little protection will go a long way.

D．And every bite increases the risk of getting a serious disease.

E．Mosquitoes take much interest in getting in touch with children.

F．Malaria is the most horrible, killing at least 600, 000 people a year.

G．Another reason the insects are so deadly is that they produce quickly.

29、   If you are traveling abroad, whether for business or pleasure, sooner or later you will find yourself in a local restaurant. The following dos and don’ts may help you behave properly in different countries.

France

“People don’t only insist on outstanding food and fine wine--they also set great store by good manners for eating at least in up-market restaurants,”. says Stephane Calmeyn. The French are old-fashioned about paying the bill to. “Women are often given a menu with no topics.” says Calmeyn.

Brazil

“In many restaurants, the bill is already equally divided by the number of people in your party.” Brazilian people traditionally keep track of how much they owe. “You collect your empty bottles under or next to the table, so that you can simply count them up at the end of the night” says Zampil.

Norway

In Norway it is perfectly acceptable to lean across someone to get the salt, pepper or butter “We call it Norwegian arms. The custom means you aren’t constantly troubling other guests to pass you this or that.” explains Carina Mælen. Another thing you are allowed to do is toast with an empty glass. “Because a toast is considered a symbolic action, and there is no need to always wait until every last person has filled their glass.” says Mælen.

Argentina

You won’t catch people sharing a table with strangers in an Argentinian restaurant, “They expect to be free from strangers’ attention.” says Daniel Weigandt. Invited to a friend’s home for dinner? “Whatever you do, don’t be early or even punctual. Ideally you should get there 10 to 15 minutes late!”

【1】What is traditional about dining in France?

A.The bill is often equally divided. B.Gentlemen usually settle the bill.

C.Customers collet their empty bottles. D.People make a toast with empty glasses.

【2】Why do people have Norwegian arms at table?

A.They prefer not to bother others. B.They consider it as a symbolic action.

C.They can’t wait to fill their gasses. D.They would like someone to pass the sauce.

【3】Which of the following countries values privacy most?

A.Brazil. B.France. C.Norway. D.Argentina.

【4】What is the purpose of the text?

A.To offer travelling tips to visitors. B.To introduce different table manners.

C.To encourage people to eat heathy food. D.To recommend restaurants in some countries.

30、   When twelve-year-old John Wilson walked into his chemistry class on a rainy day in late October 1931, he had no way of knowing that his life was about to change completely. The class  ______that day was to show how   ______a container of water would bring oxygen bubbles(气泡) to the surface. The container John was about to heat, ___, was not like the containers students everywhere had used. Someone had been____and put the wrong label(标签) on the bottle. And ___John heated it with a Bunsen burner, the container____, sending the liquid flying   in all directions. John Wilson came away from it, completely____.

Wilson spent the next two months in hospital. After he returned home, his parents ______a hard time to find a way to deal with the   ______that had happened to their lives. But Wilson did not _______the accident as a disaster. He knew he had the rest of his life to live. He learned Braille(盲文) quickly and continued his   ___at the esteemed Worcester College for the disabled. There, he not only ___as a student but also became an accomplished rower, swimmer, actor, musician, and orator.

Many people, faced with the ___John Wilson met with, would have  ____of their experience. Perhaps they would have considered themselves to be ___by ill fortune and discouraged in their  _____to do anything significant with their lives. Wilson, however, lost his sight but found a _____. Through his practical action and life attitude, he proved to us __ that it’s not what happens to us that   ______our lives — it’s what we make _______what happens.

【1】A. discussion B. experiment C. analysis D. management

【2】A. bringing out B. turning over C. heating up D. picking on

【3】A. therefore B. instead C. besides D. however

【4】A. absent-minded B. light-hearted C. cold-blooded D. bad-tempered

【5】A. if B. as C. once D. though

【6】A. leaked B. melted C. collapsed D. exploded

【7】A. dumb B. blind C. deaf D. lame

【8】A. called for B. drove off C. went through D. depended on

【9】A. disaster B. coincidence C. dilemma D. drawback

【10】A. elect B. appoint C. recommend D. regard

【11】A. occupation B. education C. contribution D. recovery

【12】A. shone B. survived C. competed D. registered

【13】A. discrimination B. resistance C. circumstances D. uncertainties

【14】A. dreamed B. thought C. approved D. complained

【15】A. criticized B. motivated C. surrounded D. interrupted

【16】A. preferences B. requirements C. failures D. attempts

【17】A. bridge B. vision C. reward D. cure

【18】A. dramatically B. occasionally C. abruptly D. roughly

【19】A. limits B. predicts C. determines D. replaces

【20】A. of B. from C. for D. up

31、I spent last summer volunteering at a hospital. It was a gift to _______so many amazing people and I’d like to share one of these moments. One day, I was called to a room where a(n) _______woman was staying. Usually I helped with_______who were ready to leave. Instead, she _______to go to the gift shop. I got a _______, helped her into it, and headed down to the entrance.

When we got there, it wasn’t open yet. After a 30-minute _______, we entered the gift shop. As I pushed her around, I could see the _______ in her face as she looked at everything, happy to be out of her room. She _______some window decorations, and then saw chocolates.

She asked me to push her in that _______, and then I helped her__________all the different chocolate arrangements. __________ she decided on three different boxes.

She told me to write the numbers 1, 2, and 3 on the boxes. She __________that the nurses were taking such good care of her, so she __________chocolates for each of the three shifts of nurses. As we gave the current shift of nurses their box of chocolate, they __________offered some to me before taking some themselves.

There were__________all around. Witnessing the old lady’s__________and getting the opportunity to spend time with someone who got so much joy from life was a __________in itself. I have so many more stories, and each person made an impact on my life. I’ve __________that health has a way of bringing people together. __________is a blessing, and being in a place where health is so __________ and appreciated is unlike anything else.

【1】

A．introduce

B．meet

C．attract

D．describe

【2】

A．elderly

B．strange

C．important

D．famous

【3】

A．nurses

B．kids

C．patients

D．parents

【4】

A．pretended

B．wanted

C．failed

D．promised

【5】

A．car

B．shopping cart

C．wheel chair

D．bike

【6】

A．ride

B．walk

C．drive

D．wait

【7】

A．relief

B．anxiety

C．joy

D．puzzle

【8】

A．chose

B．made

C．used

D．received

【9】

A．manner

B．case

C．direction

D．point

【10】

A．prepare for

B．make up

C．figure out

D．1ook through

【11】

A．Suddenly

B．Eventually

C．Fortunately

D．Actually

【12】

A．explained

B．declared

C．expected

D．imagined

【13】

A．exchanged

B．designed

C．tasted

D．bought

【14】

A．in fact

B．at a loss

C．in turn

D．at ease

【15】

A．whispers

B．smiles

C．shouts

D．cheers

【16】

A．kindness

B．choice

C．decision

D．1oneliness

【17】

A．1esson

B．chance

C．gift

D．fact

【18】

A．concluded

B．imagined

C．predicted

D．1earned

【19】

A．Health

B．Luck

C．Virtue

D．Praise

【20】

A．tested

B．valued

C．maintained

D．promoted

32、Standing nervously behind the red curtain, I glanced out across the stage. A girl about my age sat at a piano; I could see her fingertips moving over the black and white keys in front of her. The beautiful melody (旋律) was so relaxing, ________ my body tensed with anxiety.

My body ________ when the girl stood up from the bench. It was finally my turn. A part of me wanted to run home and ________ under my bed, but I knew I had chosen to ________. When the girl onstage walked toward me, I could hear my heart beating ________. The girl had a proud smile on her face and when she passed me, I heard her say “Good________”!

“Well, here goes nothing.” I said to myself.

I stepped onto the ________ and walked slowly toward the piano. The bright lights nearly ________ me, making it difficult to see the audience. When I reached the ________, I automatically slid onto the bench into position. The sounds of whispering and people walking around gave way to complete silence. I stared at my ________ fingers and for a moment my mind went ________. Closing my eyes, I imagined the music sitting in front of me and tried to recall every tiny detail.

Finally, I took a deep breath and began to play Beethoven’s moonlight sonata (协奏曲). The rich tones of the piano rang out. One by one, each muscle in my body loosened and relaxed I sat on the bench and my ________ danced over the row of black and white keys as if they had a mind of their own.

All the practice and ________ I put in for six months showed this was what my teacher was pushing for. I tried to ________ all the things she reminded me to do. “Keep your wrists up, relax your arms, don’t raise your shoulders…” I remembered feeling slightly annoyed hearing these things continuously but I never realized until now how it really ________.

When I reached the end of the piece the audience started ________. I rose from the bench and gave a deep bow. A proud smile ________ up my face. Inside I felt ________ that it was over and that I had done so well. As the applause died down, I turned and walked to the other side of the stage. I saw a young boy standing nervously behind the red curtains staring ________ out at the stage. When I walked by, I passed to him the two words that were given to me for ________: Good luck!

【1】

A．and

B．but

C．for

D．so

【2】

A．ached

B．bent

C．moved

D．froze

【3】

A．hide

B．sleep

C．play

D．drink

【4】

A．run

B．escape

C．stand

D．perform

【5】

A．happily

B．lightly

C．hardly

D．violently

【6】

A．guy

B．luck

C．music

D．performance

【7】

A．stage

B．bridge

C．path

D．chair

【8】

A．hurt

B．killed

C．blinded

D．frightened

【9】

A．piano

B．curtain

C．light

D．entrance

【10】

A．waving

B．shaking

C．unfolding

D．crossing

【11】

A．wild

B．awake

C．blank

D．wrong

【12】

A．fingers

B．feet

C．arms

D．legs

【13】

A．excuse

B．support

C．service

D．effort

【14】

A．forget

B．recall

C．ignore

D．grasp

【15】

A．helped

B．started

C．stopped

D．formed

【16】

A．joking

B．blaming

C．leaving

D．clapping

【17】

A．burned

B．dried

C．lit

D．lifted

【18】

A．relieved

B．worried

C．embarrassed

D．confused

【19】

A．confidently

B．fearfully

C．excitedly

D．angrily

【20】

A．encouragement

B．sympathy

C．appreciation

D．reward

33、   Hawthorne worked as a clerk in a small company. He suffered a heavy _______ when he lost his job．His boss had spoken _______, “Your services are no longer needed．” Hawthorne left the building filled with despair．By the time he reached home, he was in deep _______．When he entered his house, he blurted out(脱口而出) to his wife Sophia, “I lost my job．I am a complete _______．” A tense silence followed．_______ a smile crept across Sophia's _______． “What great news!” she responded, “Now you can write the book you have always wanted to write．”

“But I have no job and no prospect of a job,” he _______, completely without hope．“If I _______ to be an author, then what will we _______? Where will the money come from?”

Sophia took her husband by the hand and ________ him to the kitchen．Opening a drawer, she took out a box that was full of ________．“Where on earth did you get this?” Hawthorne asked．“To whom does it ________?”

“It's ours!” Sophia replied．"I always knew that one day you would become a great writer ________ you were given the chance．From the money you gave me for housekeeping every week, I have ________ as much as I could ________ you would have your chance．Now there is enough to ________ us a whole year．”

What a(n) ________! What a wife! The ________ husband did concentrate on writing that year, and the novel he wrote became a literary masterpiece．The book is The Scarlet Letter．Sophia had an even greater ________, -- she turned Nathaniel Hawthorne from a poor clerk into a world famous ________．

【1】A.headache B.blow C.disease D.affection

【2】A.rudely B.ambiguously C.patiently D.hesitantly

【3】A.thrill B.trouble C.relief D.sadness

【4】A.danger B.fool C.failure D.glory

【5】A.Instead B.Then C.Again D.Thus

【6】A.mind B.skin C.head D.face

【7】A.withdrew B.objected C.nodded D.laughed

【8】A.refuse B.afford C.deserve D.struggle

【9】A.live on B.stick to C.go over D.pay off

【10】A.invited B.persuaded C.led D.advised

【11】A.dust B.cash C.wonder D.treasure

【12】A.owe B.give C.go D.belong

【13】A.in case B.so that C.as long as D.even though

【14】A.saved B.consumed C.collected D.donated

【15】A.so B.but C.or D.yet

【16】A.provide B.present C.last D.contribute

【17】A.situation B.opportunity C.dilemma D.encouragement

【18】A.unemployed B.adventurous C.professional D.energetic

【19】A.importance B.achievement C.consequence D.status

【20】A.millionaire B.professor C.master D.administrator

34、根据句意填空

In the USA, the Amish-a Christian group-are famous because they drive 【1】 instead of cars, do not use TVs or refrigerators, and do not have personal telephones. Many people assume the Amish must have 【2】 reasons for their many rules, but this is not true. In truth, whenever a new technology is introduced, the Amish meet and discuss its advantages and disadvantages. They then vote on whether they will accept it. The Amish 【3】 cars because they like having 【4】 communities where everyone lives close together. They have no TVs or refrigerators because their homes do not have electricity-they do not think it is necessary and 【5】 dealing with strangers, such as the people who work at the electric company.

35、Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word. For the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

My daughter

(A story told by a father, a famous actor)

My wife and I only had the one child. We had Amy.

I see her as my best friend. I think she’d always come to me first if she had a problem. We have the same sense of humor, and share interests. 【1】 I don’t mind animals, she’s completely fascinated with them, and she has always had dogs, cats, horses, and goldfish in her life.

We were 【2】 (close) when she was about four, which I think is a lovely age for a child. They know the parents best, and don’t have outside contacts. She must have grown up suddenly when she went to school, because I remember her growing away from her family slightly. Any father who has a teenager daughter comes across an extraordinary collection of people, and there seemed to be an endless stream of strange young men 【3】 (come) through our house. By the time I learned their names they 【4】 (go) away and I had to start learning a new lot.

I wanted more than anything else for her to be happy in 【5】 she was doing, and I was prepared to pull strings to help her on her way. When she left a good school she decided she wanted to become an actress so I got her into drama school. It wasn’t to her liking so she joined a theatre group and began doing bits and pieces in films. She was doing well, but then gave it up. She probably found it boring. Then she took up social work, and finally went to work 【6】a designer and he became her husband. And that’s really the story of her life. She must be happy with him—they’re always together.

We have such similar tastes in books and music 【7】 I used to take her to see an opera, which is my big passion. However, I don’t think she likes it very much. She doesn’t come with me anymore.

I don’t think she’s a big television watcher. She knows when I’m on the television, and she 【8】 watch, but I don’t know. It’s not the kind of thing she tells me.

We’re very grateful for Amy. She’s a good daughter as daughters go. We’re looking forward to being grandparents.

36、Directions: Fill in each blank to make the passage make sense and well connected in writing style. The initial letter of each word has been given. (please write each answer in a COMPLETE word on the answer card.

THE DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE

In Congress, July 4, 1776

When in the Course of human events, it becomes necessary for one people to dissolve the political bonds which have connected them with another, and to assume among the Powers of the earth, the separate and equal station to which the Laws of Nature and of Nature’s god entitle them, a decent respect to the opinions of mankind requires that they should d【1】 the causes which impel them to the separation.

We h【2】 these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created e【3】, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable R【4】, that among these are life, L【5】, and the pursuit of Happiness.

That to secure these rights, g 【6】 are instituted among Men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed.

That whenever any form of Government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the Right of the P 【7】 to alter or to abolish it, and to institute new government, l【8】 its foundation on such principles and organizing its powers in such f【9】, as to them shall seem most likely to effect their Safety and Happiness. Prudence, indeed, will dictate that Governments long established should not be changed for light and transient causes; and accordingly all experience has shown, that mankind are more disposed to suffer, while evils are sufferable, than to right themselves by abolishing the forms to which they are accustomed. But when a long train of abuses and usurpations, pursuing invariable the same Object, evinces a design to reduce them under absolute Despotism, it is their right, it is their d 【10】, to throw off such Government, and to provide new Guards for their future security.

37、Directions: Complete the following passages by using the words in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

Why Cold weather Causes So many Flight Cancellation?

Each year, about 60,000 flights get canceled because of bad winter weather, which costs airlines and airports an estimated $3 billion. But it’s not the freezing cold temperatures that cause problems for planes. After all, 【1】 jets fly 10 kilometers up, where temperatures hover around -50 degrees Celsius.

In fact, planes 【2】 in cold weather, since cold air is denser and leads to better thrust. Clearly, the real problem isn’t what’s going on up there. It’s what’s happening on the ground.

When a 【3】 polar vortex (极地涡旋) struck the Midwestern US in January 2019, temperatures dropped to -40 degrees Celsius and airline canceled 3,000 flights nationwide. In these situations, when temperatures start 【4】, everything slows down. Cargo doors can freeze up, along with the nozzles that pump fuel into planes, which delays the 【5】 process.

Even the plane itself can freeze over. Just a quarter-inch - thick layer of ice on a plane can disrupt the way air flows over its wings.

Les Westbrooks: The number one reason, I would say, that the reason flights get delayed in cold weather is going to be because there’s some kind of frozen precipitation, from frost to snow to a sheet of ice, adhering to the aircraft, adhering to the wings of the aircraft 【6】.

That’s Les Westbrooks, a retired airline pilot and an associate professor of aeronautical science at Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University. He says that 【7】, these planes are “de-iced” - but this also delays takeoff. The crew can spray the plane with a special hot water/ glycol mixture. It can take around 40 minutes to de-ice large passenger airplanes, so planes often have to wait “their turn” for the de-icing station, which, of course, can trigger more delays.

And ice on the runway, of course, creates another set of 【8】. In 2014, a plane at JFK skidded off an icy runway and into a mound of snow, leading to an hours-long shutdown at the airport. And even though crews can remove ice from the runway, scraping it off the pavement can lead to potholes (坑洞) and other 【9】, which makes takeoffs and landings more dangerous. And of course, snow and freezing rain on the ground can affect visibility to the point where officials have to decide it’s not safe to fly at all.

But if ice and snow aren’t the problem in these extremely cold temperatures, it’s usually another factor: people.

Les Westbrooks: The airplane flies at high altitudes, -60 degrees. It’s made to do that. Humans are not made to be outside in -60 degrees weather. And so the human factor becomes a big, big factor, when it becomes extremely cold.

Baggage handlers, aircraft fuelers, and mechanics all have to stay warm. Some airports, like O’Hare in Chicago, set up heated shelters for their employees. Of course, with everyone taking breaks to warm up, not as much gets done, which leads to even more delays and cancellations. Passengers start missing their 【10】 flights, and that, along with passengers who can’t make it to the airport due to bad road conditions, leads to half-empty planes.

In fact, many airlines might preemptively cancel flights before bad weather even hits. So, in the end, you can still blame cold weather for cancelling your flight.

38、假定你是李华，你的美国朋友Peter 一周前给你发电子邮件，询问你暑假的打算，但是因你准备期末考试，未能及时回复。请根据以下要点用英语给他回复邮件：

1.未能及时回信的原因；

2.你假期的打算（如做兼职、旅行、做志愿者等）。

注意：1. 词数：100词左右；

2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

3. 信的开头已给出，不计入词总数

Dear Peter,

I’m sorry for answering your letter so late, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours truly,

Li Hua

39、假如你是李华，上周你在淘宝网上买了一本《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》，请你根据以下内容给该网站负责人写一封投诉信。内容包括：

1.词典缺页，个别字迹不清晰，封面有破损；

2.要求尽快调换或退钱；

3.希望问题得到妥善解决。

注意：1.词数100左右；

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

3.开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。

参考词汇：《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》Oxford Advanced Learner’s English-Chinese Dictionary

Dear Sir/Madam,

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours faithfully,

Li Hua

40、假定你是李华，暑假在伦敦学习，得知当地美术馆在中国新年期间要举办"中国民俗艺术展"。请写一封信申请做志愿者，内容包括：

1.写信目的；

2.个人优势；

3.能做的事情。

注意：1.词数100左右（开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数）；

2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

Dear Sir or Madam,

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

Sincerely,

Li Hua

41、假定你是李华，在新冠状病毒肺炎疫情如此严峻的时刻，有少数不良商家以原价数倍的价格销售口罩。针对这一现象，老师让你们用英语给消费者协会写一封投诉信，作为今天的作业发到班级微信群里。要点如下：

1. 介绍自己，写信目的。

2. 说明情况，表示气愤。

3. 希望重视，尽快解决。注意：

1. 词数 80 左右；

2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。参考词汇：

传染病，泛滥 epidemic

新冠状病毒 novel coronavirus

消费者协会 Consumers' Association

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