杭州2025-2026学年第二学期期末教学质量检测试题(卷)高一英语

1、What is your main reason for choosing one restaurant   another?

A. over   B. of

C. from   D. for

2、 _____, I believe, and you will find the boy is very outgoing.

A. Having a talk with the student

B. One talk with the student

C. Given a talk with the student

D. If you have a talk with the student

3、It is only when you can break free from the past ______ a whole new world can open up to you.

A.that B.which C.where D.when

4、To tell you ________ truth, I went through the day with my mind in ________ fog.

A.the; / B./; a C.a; the D.the; a

5、If we view the problem from a different angle, the solution may become more ________.

A．occasional

B．original

C．outgoing

D．obvious

6、As is often the case, there are always some obstacles in the way，something ________ before we realize the real goal of education.

A. to be got through B. got through

C. getting through D. having been got through

7、The writer always carries a notebook along with him, _____he is seized by sudden inspiration.

A.even though B.the moment C.in case D.now that

8、It is estimated that hopefully about 0. 5 billion families_______5G terminals by 2025, when there is a sharp drop in price.

A．have used

B．will have used

C．will be using

D．are using

9、O. Henry, _____short story the Gift of the Magi is a good example of true love, is a pen name.

A. what   B. whose C. who   D. which

10、If you see things in a negative light, you will find faults everywhere and problems where there are really ________．

A. none   B. some

C. many   D. nothing

11、After a day of activities, you should be ________ a good meal.

A．in the mood for

B．at the point of

C．on the edge of

D．with the help of

12、Many people believe cloning is________nature but I think it is a way of helping nature.

A．beneath

B．far from

C．ahead of

D．against

13、Ted couldn’t remember the exact date of the storm, but he knew it was   Sunday because everybody was at   church.

A. /, the   B. a, /

C. /, a   D. the, /

14、Would you please _______ this form for me to see if I’ve filled it in right?

A.take off B.look after

C.give up D.go over

15、There are nearly one hundred foreign students in our university, most of________ are from America and Australia.

A.which B.them C.whom D.those

16、Some of them, ______ in rural villages, had never seen a train.

A. to be born and brought up B. born and brought up

C. having born and brought up D. having been born and brought up

17、I’ll leave you my mobile number ________ there’s an emergency.

A. even if B. as long as

C. in case   D. ever since

18、Human life is regarded as part of nature and the only way for us to survive is to live ______ nature.

A.in honor of B.in need of C.in touch with D.in harmony with

19、When the student wearing masks _______ Teng for a handshake, the president refused and gestured for her to get off the stage.

A.reached out to B.caught up with

C.made up for D.took hold of

20、Experts believe   people can waste less food by shopping only when it is necessary.

A. why   B. where   C. that   D. what

21、   When you catch the flu and your body temperature rises to fight the virus, that's a form of acute inflammation. So is the redness and swelling that occur when you hurt your ankle. The process is a temporary, helpful response to an injury or illness. It provides the healing chemicals and nutrients your body needs to repair the damage. Once the danger goes away, so does the inflammation.

Chronic low-grade inflammation, on the other hand, is a slow, gradual condition sustained by a misfiring of the immune system that keeps your body in a constant, long-term state of alert, says Dr Robert H. Shmerling, teaching clinician in the department of rheumatology at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center in Boston, USA.

Over time, inflammation damages healthy cells. Here's why: When cells are in distress, they release chemicals that alert the immune system. White blood cells then flood the scene, where they work to eat up bacteria, viruses, damaged cells and pieces from an infection or injury. If the damage is too great, they call in backup cells known as neutrophils, which are the hand grenades of the immune system—they blow up everything in sight, healthy or not. Each neutrophil has a short life, but in chronic inflammation, they continue to be sent in long after the real threat is gone, causing damage to the healthy tissue that remains. The inflammation can start attacking the linings of your arteries or intestines, the cells in your liver and brain or the tissues of your muscles and joints.

This inflammation-caused cellular damage can trigger diseases like diabetes, cancer, dementia, heart disease, arthritis and depression. And because it's low grade, “it’s slow and secret nature makes it hard to diagnose in day-to-day life,” says Roma Pahwa, a researcher for the National Institutes of Health who specializes in the inflammatory response. “You have no idea it is even happening until those conditions show symptoms.”

【1】Which can best describe acute inflammation as a response?

A．Lasting.

B．Beneficial.

C．Harmful.

D．Dangerous.

【2】What can we learn about neutrophils?

A．They function as backup cells.

B．They only damage something bad.

C．They will disappear with a real threat.

D．They should cause slight damage.

【3】What we infer from the last paragraph?

A．We can't be too careful about cellular damage.

B．Doctors can identify cellular damage with ease.

C．Cellular damage is fast and obvious in nature.

D．There exists no effective cure for cellular damage.

【4】What is the purpose of this text?

A．To introduce some ways to keep healthy.

B．To get inflammation known to people.

C．To warn people of dangers of cellular damage.

D．To recommend a cure for diabetes.

22、Many research groups are testing “ink” made from silk proteins to print human tissues, even organs. The process is a less costly alternative to conventional 3-D printing with collagen, a key protein mainly existing in the mammal’s (哺乳动物) cells. Researchers in Assam, a state in India, are investigating using local silkworm species for the task—they recently submitted a patent for bioinks using a combination of proteins obtained from local silkworms. The scientists have woven them into tissue structures ranging from ears to heart.

Silk is a natural substance which is strong and completely biodegradable (可生物降解的), well suited for applications in tissue engineering. For instance, to bio-print an ear, researchers dissolve silk fibers. They carefully mix the sticky liquid with a patient’s stem cells, then build structures layer by layer with a 3-D printer. Finally, the cells grow and replace the silken proteins and finally change into a natural substance in human body.

Compared with common—used chemicals as adhesive (黏合剂), wild silk is also perfect to cross-link silky tissues, which helps to maintain a 3-D structure. Also, the wild silk has spots that cells naturally attach to, which allows cells to stick to the silk structure rapidly. “These silks are ideal candidates for bioinks because they can be combined to build strong human tissues” says Mandal, the lab’s lead investigator. “This is important, for example, when making bones,” he add.

“Obtaining and purifying collagen from animal remains is complex and expensive.” says David Kaplan, an expert in biomedical engineering, when asked about the advantages. Compared with collagen, silks have an immense advantage in terms of supply and processing. Local sourcing is also a clear plus in their use in India.”

Mandal and his colleagues have already created original structures, including bone and soft tissues of the heart and liver. Reconstructing a human knee complex tissue at the ends of a bone will be next.

【1】What does the underlined word “bioinks” refer to?

A．Silk proteins.

B．Collagens.

C．Certain chemical.

D．Tissues.

【2】What will a patient eventually get after an ear-bioprinting?

A．An artificial ear.

B．A silken ear.

C．A real ear.

D．An original ear.

【3】What are the advantages of silk proteins over collagen according to David Kaplan?

A．They are biodegradable and strong.

B．They are inexpensive and uncomplicated.

C．They are harmless and attachable.

D．They are pure and available.

【4】What is the best title for the text?

A．Final Solution—Wild Worms for Medical Treatment.

B．Silky Tissue—Worm Proteins Ready for 3-D Bioprinting.

C．Bioink—Cheap Alternative for Conventional Operations.

D．Protein—Key to Repairing Human Organs.

23、The next time San Francisco residents stop a taxi, they may step into a car with no one behind the wheel. Driverless taxis are now allowed to come on the city’s streets. On June 2, 2022, Cruise, a division of General Motors (GM), was approved to charge for rides in its self-driving cars, becoming the first company allowed to operate commercial driverless cars in a major US city.

Though Cruise is regarding it as a big win, its self-driving cars aren’t totally free to run on the streets of San Francisco as they please. Cruise vehicles will be limited to transporting passengers in less crowded areas of the city between 10 p.m. and 6 a.m. The speed limit is 30 mph. They are also not allowed to operate in heavy rain or fog. The rules are meant to reduce any injuries or accidents.

Cruise plans to launch the service gradually with a team of just 30 cars. The first robotaxis will be improved versions of GM’s Chevrolet Bolt. However, the company is seeking approval to get its custom-built Cruise Origin on public roads. The driverless electric vehicle has no wheels or pedals(踏板) and can attain highway speeds. The car consists mostly of a siting space, where passengers can face each other.

Cruise’s ability to obtain the commercial permit to operate is a big step forward. However, the company still has to convince passengers that its technology is safe. Many remain concerned about safety. A 2021 survey by the American Automobile Association found that 74 percent of Americans are afraid to ride in a self-driving vehicle.

It remains to be seen how the new driverless taxi experiment will play out in San Francisco. But based on the vast number of companies that are racing to develop self-driving vehicles and the tens of thousands of people on waitlists for robotaxi rides, the Cruise pioneering program is at least set for popularity, if not success.

【1】What can we learn about the Cruise’s driverless ride services?

A．The services have turned out to be a great success.

B．The services receive great support from the public.

C．The services have run in some major cities of the USA.

D．The services are limited to some regions of San Francisco.

【2】What does the author describe in detail in paragraph 3?

A．The feature of Cruise Origin.

B．The future of self-driving cars.

C．The original plan of the company.

D．The new version of Chevrolet Bolt.

【3】What is the attitude of most Americans towards the self-driving taxis?

A．Doubtful.

B．Opposed.

C．Favourable.

D．Unconcerned.

【4】What can be the best title of the text?

A．Cruise Offers Free Self-driving Ride Services

B．Self-driving Cars Are Coming to San Francisco

C．Self-driving Vehicles Are Popular in Major Cities

D．Companies Begin to Charge for Rides in Self-driving Cars

24、   A six-wheeled robot travels underground in Hefei to discover warning signs of faults inside the pipeline network, "It looks like a toy car at first, but it's much more complicated than that," said Xu Mao, the robot 's operator.

The pipeline robot, developed by Wuhan Easy-Sight Technology, is made up of four parts — crawler, camera, cable reel, and controller. A full charge can enable the robot to work for four to five hours, covering a distance between 800 and 1 ,000 meters in the underground p ipeline.

The robot made its appearance last month in Shushan District. It will carry out inspections of the underground pipeline network stretching 150 kilometers. " Whether the pipe is leaking, damaged or blocked, we can clearly see its situation through high-definition(高清晰度的)cameras fixed into the robot, " said Qi Chuanshuai from the provincial construction engineering and testing institute.

The real-time data including video images of the pipe will be up loaded and displayed on a computer. "If we find any problems, we stop the robot and record the flaws," Xu said. "We report the faults to local government, who will arrange the repair as soon as possible. "

With the rapid develop merit of cities, it is becoming increasingly difficult to manage underground pipelines. Among all the difficulties, discovering faults in the sewage (污水)and rainwater pipelines comes first. Many other cities such as Wuhan, Nanjing, Shenzhen, and Shanghai are using the robots to inspect their pipelines, the robot ' s developer said.

Equipped with environmental detection sensors, the robots can monitor temperature and damp, poisonous gases, oxygen levels and smoke density, while providing color diagram in real time. "Compared with human workers, robots are able to enter smaller pipes and are immune (有免疫力的)to poisonous gases in sewage pipes," said Ge Shengli from Shushan District' s city management company. " No digging is required and there is no need to interrupt traffic," Ge added.

【1】What does Paragraph 2 mainly tell us about the pipeline robot?

A. Its developer.

B. Its components.

C. Its characteristics.

D. Its outward appearance.

【2】What is the toughest in managing underground pipelines in cities?

A. Locating the position where the pipelines are.

B. Handling the poisonous gases in sewage pipes,

C. Arranging the repair and maintenance of pipelines.

D. Discovering flaws in the sewage and rainwater pipelines.

【3】What does the author intend to do in Paragraph 5?

A. Add some background information.

B. Introduce a new topic for discussion.

C. Summarize the previous paragraphs.

D. Present some new functions of robots.

【4】What is Ge Shengli's attitude towards the pipeline robots?

A. Doubtful. B. Appreciative.

C. Critical. D. Indifferent.

25、As dawn broke, Concilia Owire, a 28-year-old Kenyan train driver, had already changed into her work _________ waiting for alcohol testing and _________. When all was ready, Owire and her _________ would set off for a new journey.

Around 5 years ago, Owire was _________ and then sent to China to have a 50-day _________ training.

Later, Owire, with six other colleagues, _________ to their country and began practicing repeatedly to _________ themselves for the tough task of _________ people including President Uhuru Kenyatta.

Growing up in a very small village, Owire _________ thought about becoming a female train driver one day as in Kenya the __________ still suffered from pursuing careers controlled by men. __________, the Chinese-built Mombasa-Nairobi Standard Gauge Railway(SGR) has __________ the local economy and the life of ordinary Kenyans like Owire, who has become a model of the __________ from a village girl to a successful working woman. “I know if I do it __________, the SGR will promote our country’s __________”, said Owire.

As the Chinese saying goes, “Give a man a fish, and you feed him for a day. Teach a man to fish, and you feed him for a lifetime.” __________ transport and employment opportunities are just two of the many __________ offered by the SGR project, such as expanding access to markets, __________ business costs, opening up isolated areas, and increasing the competitiveness of local goods.

“The SGR has been at the __________ of Kenya’s economic recovery, five years after its __________ on May 31, 2017,” said James Siele, Kenya Railways’ Business, Commercial & Operations Expert Team leader, in an interview with Xinhua.

【1】

A．uniform

B．jeans

C．sweater

D．blouse

【2】

A．check over

B．check out

C．check in

D．check up

【3】

A．neighbors

B．colleagues

C．families

D．visitors

【4】

A．urged

B．promised

C．selected

D．forced

【5】

A．various

B．mental

C．strict

D．physical

【6】

A．left

B．returned

C．escaped

D．went

【7】

A．imagine

B．reward

C．support

D．prepare

【8】

A．directing

B．exchanging

C．accompanying

D．transporting

【9】

A．never

B．ever

C．sometimes

D．often

【10】

A．Chinese

B．men

C．women

D．Kenyans

【11】

A．Otherwise

B．Therefore

C．Moreover

D．However

【12】

A．changed

B．described

C．introduced

D．created

【13】

A．transportation

B．transformation

C．competition

D．operation

【14】

A．positively

B．anxiously

C．separately

D．quietly

【15】

A．government

B．economy

C．law

D．independence

【16】

A．Artificial

B．Obvious

C．Efficient

D．Permanent

【17】

A．benefits

B．challenges

C．conflicts

D．technologies

【18】

A．increasing

B．reducing

C．forbidding

D．considering

【19】

A．opposite

B．end

C．cost

D．heart

【20】

A．process

B．discovery

C．achievement

D．launch

26、假如你是李华，将在这个暑假到美国参加一个为期一周的暑期夏令营。请你给夏令营负责人Devin写封信，询问关于夏令营课程、住宿和费用等一些问题。

注意：1.词数100左右；

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

3.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。

Dear Mr.Devin,

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Yours,

Li Hua