湖州2025学年度第二学期期末教学质量检测高二英语

1、According to The Sun, British scientists have solved the ancient riddle of ________ came first—chicken or egg?

A．who

B．what

C．which

D．that

2、Peter had been puzzled over the problem for over an hour___________ all at once the solution flashed across his mind.

A.when B.while C.then D.as

3、Currently car insurance is not _______ in the annual inspection; all the vehicles are required to register insurance covering safety and property.

A. temporary   B. optional   C. arbitrary   D. confidential

4、Nearly all educators believe that a challenging situation can often ______ the best qualities of a person.

A. cheer up B. take over

C. bring out D. put away

5、—Did you catch what I said?

—Sorry. I ________ a text message just now.

A. had answered   B. have answered   C. would answer   D. was answering

6、— What’s the national flower of Russia?

— ________ ! Let’s go online and find it out.

A．You bet

B．Guess what

C．Give me a break

D．You’ve got me there

7、--- Sunny day today, isn’t it?

--- Yeah! It’s not like what the radio ________ at all.

A. says   B. will say   C. had said   D. said

8、We still haven’t got the sponsor________ the fact that we’ve written to dozens of companies.

A．regardless of

B．in view of

C．in spite of

D．on account of

9、Yao Ming, the first man to become the No. 1 overall pick in the NBA draft without playing in college, was honored Friday night as the Houston Rockets ________ his No. 11 jersey.

A. abandoned   B. preserved

C. granted   D. retired

10、Bob works so hard at his lessons that he ________ wastes time playing computer games.

A.always B.often C.sometimes D.never

11、Is it he or you ________ in charge of the job and supposed to complete it punctually?

A．who is

B．that is

C．who are

D．whom are

12、—Do you have any idea why Jenny left the firm?

—Probably, she _______ for a pay rise, but was turned down.

A. has held out   B. has been holding out

C. held out  D. holds out

13、If the students' interest in the subject is motivated, they will ______ the challenge and commit more time and energy to their studies.

A．face up to

B．keep pace with

C．put up with

D．live up to

14、When Lionel Messi ran into the stadium, he was met with hundreds of thousands of fans ______ his name.

A．to call

B．being called

C．calling

D．call

15、There can be no doubt____________teachers love hardworking students.

A.where B.that C.which D.whether

16、Pop music is loved by lots of people, but it is not to everyone's __________.

A.smell B.favour C.taste D.talent

17、Around this point ______, which is humorous and full of a strong local flavor.

A. the story develops B. does the story develop

C. develops the story D. the story developed

18、Each member of the community should acquire good habits and ______their behavior in an attempt to create a harmonious atmosphere.

A.refresh B.regulate C.resemble D.reveal

19、 The “Chinese Dream” is ________ dream to improve people's well－being and ________ dream of harmony, peace and development.

A．the; a

B．a; a

C．a; the

D．the; the

20、The fellow we spoke ________ no comment at first.

A．to make

B．to made

C．made

D．to making

21、   As she ran her eyes over the flight-test calculation sheets the engineer had given her, Katherine Goble could see there was something wrong with them. The engineer had made an error with a square root (平方根). And it was going to be tricky to tell him so. It was her first day on this assignment, when she and another girl had been picked out of the computing pool at the Langley aeronautical laboratory, to help the all-male flight research unit.

But there were other, more significant snags (障碍) than simply being new—he was a man and she was a woman. In 1953 women did not question men. They stayed in their place, in this case usually the computing pool, tapping away on their desktop calculators or filling sheets with figures, she as neatly turned out as all the rest. Men were the grand designers, the engineers; the women were “computers in skirts”, who were handed a set of equations (方程式) and exhaustively, diligently checked them. Men were not interested in things as small as that.

Nonetheless, this engineer’s calculation was wrong. If she did not ask the question, an aircraft might not fly, or might fly and crash.

So, very carefully, she asked it. Was it possible that he could have made a mistake? He did not admit it but, by turning the colour of a cough drop, he ceded (屈服) the point. She asked more such questions, and they got her noticed. As the weeks passed, the men “forgot” to return her to the pool. Her incessant “why?” and “how?” made their work sharper. It also challenged them. Why were their calculations of aerodynamic forces so often out? Because they were maths graduates who had forgotten their geometry, whereas she had not; her high-school brilliance at maths had led to special classes on analytic geometry in which she, at 13, had been the only pupil.

Why was she not allowed to get her name on a flight-trajectory report when she had done most of the work? Because women didn’t. That was no answer, so she got her name on the report, the first woman to be so credited. Why was she not allowed into the engineers’ lectures on orbital mechanics and rocket propulsion? Because “the girls don’t go”. Why? Did she not read Aviation Week, like them? She soon became the first woman there.

As NASA’s focus turned from supersonic flight to flights in space, she was therefore deeply involved, though still behind the scenes. She ensured that Alan Shepards mercury capsule splashed down where it could be found quickly in 1961, and that John Glenn in 1962 could return safely from his first orbits of the earth. Indeed, until she had checked the figures by hand against those of the newfangled electronic computer, he refused to go.

Later she calculated the timings for the first moon landing (with the astronauts’ return), and worked on the space shuttle. But in the galaxy of space-programme heroes, despite her 33 years in the flight research unit, for a long time she featured nowhere.

It did not trouble her. First, she also had other things to do: Raise her three daughters, cook, sew their clothes, care for her sick first husband. Second, she knew in her own mind how good she was—as good as anybody. She could hardly be unaware of it, when she had graduated from high school at 14 and college at 18, expert at all the maths anyone knew how to teach her.

But when their story emerged in the 21st century, most notably in a book and a film called “hidden figure”, she had a NASA building named after her and a shower of honorary doctorates.

Do your best, she always said Love what you do. Be constantly curious. And learn that it is not dumb to ask a question; it is dumb not to ask it. Not least, because it might lead to the small but significant victory of making a self-proclaimed (自称的) superior realise he can make a mistake.

【1】Why did Katherine hesitate about pointing out the engineer’s error?

A.Because she lacked working experience and wasn’t sure of the error.

B.Because she was worried about being sent back to the computing pool.

C.Because men played a dominant role in the lab and couldn’t be questioned.

D.Because the man was an authority in that field and wouldn’t admit his error.

【2】Women took on the calculation work in the lab because ________.

A.they were more careful and diligent than men B.men showed great respect for them

C.they were fond of doing lighter work D.men were unwilling to do such minor thing

【3】What happened after Katherine Goble asked many questions in the flight research unit?

A.Male engineers ignored her deliberately. B.She gave male engineers a deep impression.

C.She made small errors occasionally. D.Special classes on analytic geometry were arranged.

【4】The example of John Glenn is given in Paragraph 6 to show that ________.

A.Katherine Goble was considered reliable

B.he was a stubborn but cautious person

C.computers were of less significance at that time

D.male engineers preferred checking figures by hand

【5】Katherine Goble didn’t get troubled by being nameless, because ________.

A.she led a relatively busy life and was confident about her ability

B.she devoted all her time to taking care of her children

C.she received a good education at an early age

D.she was ordinary among mathematicians

【6】What’s the best title of the passage?

A.a girl who asked questions B.A figure who worked up to her fame

C.A woman who was ignored by male workmates D.A scientist who was crazy about maths

22、Wearing a caveman mask, Dr. John Marzluff walks across the campus at the University of Washington in Seattle. Crows (乌鸦) circle and squawk (尖叫), diving at him and away.

Beneath the mask, he smiles. Days before, he and his students, wearing caveman masks, trapped them and placed colored plastic bands on their legs. Then they released the unhappy birds. When the researchers wandered around campus without the masks, the crows they had caught and banded did not react to them. But when the same humans walked by while wearing the masks, the crows scolded loudly and dived at their “enemies”.

At first, only the banded birds reacted aggressively to the people in masks. But in later tests, more and more crows joined in, and even when the banded birds were not around. “Crows think and dream, fight and play, reason and take risks,” he says. “Their antics confuse us.”

This led him to study how crows’ brains work. He and his students wore one type of mask as they captured crows and brought them into the lab, training them to link that face with danger. Then a different kind of mask for more positive activities, such as feeding and caring. Then he worked with scientists at the university who scan animal brains to see which parts of a crow's brain do certain tasks. Surprisingly, the scientists found that when the crow saw the “danger” mask, one part of its brain became active. When the crow saw the “care and feeding” mask, a different part of its brain lit up. The team has shown that crows use the same parts of their brains for recognition that humans do — something that was not known before!

More than 10 years after the first mask experiment, campus crows still scold the “cavemen”. Crows also recognize people who are kind to them. Crows are always watching us... and they remember.

【1】Why does Dr. John Marzluff smile?

A．He intends to show his kindness.

B．He realizes his trick has worked.

C．He is amused by the happy crows.

D．He is embarrassed at the crows’ response.

【2】What does the underlined word “antics” in the third paragraph probably refer to?

A．Ways of behaving.

B．Hunting types.

C．Flying models.

D．Chances of survival.

【3】Which of the following words can best describe the crows according to the text?

A．Sociable, intelligent and observant.

B．Noisy, dangerous and annoying.

C．Reasonable, cautious and aggressive.

D．Strong-headed, proud and popular.

【4】What can we conclude about crows from the fourth paragraph?

A．They share the same wisdom as humans do.

B．They never forgive those who once hurt them.

C．They only recognize the people who are bad to them.

D．They perform tasks with different parts of their brains.

23、My parents ran the Pagonis restaurant, a small eatery in Charleroi, Pennsylvania, and my first real job, when I was six years old, was shining diners’ shoes. My duties increased as I grew older. By the age of ten I was clearing tables and working as the janitor(清洁工). Dad beamed when he told me that I was the best “mop guy” he’d ever had.

Working in the restaurant was a source of great pride because I was pitching in for the good of the whole family. But my father made it clear. I had to meet certain standards to be part of the team. I had to be responsible, hard-working and polite to the customers.

Except for the shoeshine job, I was never paid for any work I did at the restaurant. One day I made the mistake of telling Dad I thought he ‘should give me $10 a week. He said, “Okay, then how about you paying me for the three meals a day you eat here? And for the times you bring in your buddies for free sodas?” He figured I owed him about $40 a week. This taught me that when you negotiate, you’d better know the other side’s arguments as well as your own.

I remember coming home to Charleroi after being away in the Army about two years. I had just been promoted to captain and was full of pride as I walked into my parents’ restaurant. The first thing Dad said was, “It’s the janitor’s day off. How about you cleaning up tonight?”“I can’t believe this!” I thought. “I’m an officer in the United States Army!” But it didn’t matter. As far as Dad was concerned, I was just another member of the team. I reached for the mop.

Working for Dad had taught me that loyalty to a team comes first. It doesn’t matter whether that team is involved in a family restaurant or in the Army.

【1】How was the author’s work at the restaurant?

A．It was unpaid.

B．It was beyond his power.

C．It was negotiable.

D．It was thought highly of by his father.

【2】What do the underlined words “pitching in” mean in Paragraph 2?

A．Doing my bit.

B．Swallowing my pride.

C．Making a sacrifice.

D．Earning a living.

【3】What can we learn about the author from Paragraph 4?

A．He got annoyed at his father’s words.

B．He hadn’t expected to be treated as before.

C．His father didn’t realize he was an honored captain.

D．His father fully understood his son’s pride as an officer.

【4】What qualities are required to be a good team member according to the text?

A．Responsibility and generosity.

B．Politeness and kindness.

C．Diligence and faithfulness.

D．Devotion and ambition.

24、   Ian McKenna was in third grade when he learned that many kids at his Austin school weren't getting enough to eat at home. He wanted to help, but local volunteer organizations turned him away, saying he was too young. So he decided to find his own solution. For years, he had been gardening with his mother, and they often distributed their extra vegetables to the neighbors. “Why not give the produce to a soup kitchen? Then I thought, I'm good at gardening," says McKenna, now 16. “Why not plant a garden at school, so that kids in need could take food home?"

McKenna persuaded his school to set aside space for a garden; then he asked the community for donations of seeds and equipment. Other students donated their time. Within months, McKenna's garden was producing lettuces, tomatoes, cucumbers and squash for students and their families. Now, seven years later, McKenna's Giving Garden project has expanded to five area schools in addition to his own backyard garden, and he has provided organic produce, enough for 25,000 meals, to Austin families.

For most of his gardening activities, McKenna wears the same T-shirt in different colors, with his personal motto on it: BE A GOOD HUMAN. To him, that means helping in any way you can, no matter what your age. "Even a smile might change someone's life," he says. “It lets them know that they are important. It can make their day."

When COVID-19 hit the U.S., McKenna redoubled his efforts, cooking up to 100 meals to distribute to the hungry on the weekends. When social distancing meant that volunteers couldn't work on community garden plots, he started offering online classes and a gardening hotline so families could grow at home. While gardening is his core focus, McKenna says he is always looking for new ways to help the hungry.

【1】What caused Ian's decision to help the kids in his own way?

A．Being rejected by volunteer groups.

B．Being good at gardening.

C．A soup kitchen's support.

D．His mother's suggestions.

【2】What do we know about the Giving Garden project?

A．It helps students only.

B．It was started with joint efforts.

C．It is funded by schools.

D．It earns great profits every year.

【3】Which of the following can best explain Ian's personal motto?

A．Where there is a will, there is a way.

B．A small gesture makes a difference.

C．One good turn deserves another.

D．Love can break all the barriers.

【4】What is the best title of the passage?

A．Ian McKenna, Growing a Food Bank

B．Ian Mckenna, an Experienced Gardener

C．Giving Garden Project, an Impossible Mission

D．Giving Garden Project, a Universal Solution

25、   It is 5 am and it’s too dark to see the fields of volcanic rock and trees on either side of the highway. But over the lights of my car, I get a taste of the _________ I’m really here for, as a few stars pierce（穿透）the inky _________ sky.

Today our relationship to the universe is largely connected by _________, such as telescopes and NASA assignments. But for thousands of years, humans could _________ look up on a clear night to be _________ at the bright spots that stretched directly over them.

But over time, we’ve _________ ourselves from our sky, building a covering of artificial light between ourselves and the dark depth of space. Our _________ , neon signs (霓虹灯), and other electric lights are increasingly flooding the night sky and _________ the stars. _________, about one third of the world’s population cannot see the Milky Way from where they live. And some can’t even recognize it. The sense of wonder for the night sky ____________, and that means something vital to humanity is lost as well.

That’s why I’ve dragged myself out of bed hours before ____________. Like 99 percent of Americans, I live with ____________ pollution and I’ve never seen a truly night sky. So I’m here to ____________ my first glance.

As I ____________ out of the car, I ____________ raise my face up towards the sky, worrying whether I can make it. There it is, ____________ across the sky as far as I can see. The Milky Way is so vivid that my eyes don’t even have to ____________ the dark to see it.

I expect to feel the ____________ of the sky, perhaps as though I’m falling into a bottomless hole. Instead, the blanket of stars above me is so thick that it is hard to ____________. In black and white, the whole scene feels surreal. As I get back in the car, I pass a ____________ that says “Never Stop Looking Up”.

【1】A.view B.issue C.event D.cause

【2】A.bright B.black C.blue D.dirty

【3】A.emotion B.survey C.imagination D.technology

【4】A.completely B.hardly C.simply D.rarely

【5】A.depressed B.frightened C.confused D.amazed

【6】A.excused B.distanced C.freed D.defended

【7】A.shops B.decorations C.streetlights D.buildings

【8】A.covering B.beating C.unlocking D.reflecting

【9】A.However B.Instead C.Therefore D.Meanwhile

【10】A.increases B.disappears C.struggles D.pours

【11】A.sunrise B.dark C.sunset D.dusk

【12】A.noise B.air C.waste D.light

【13】A.turn out B.search for C.apply for D.figure out

【14】A.step B.look C.wonder D.think

【15】A.formally B.confidently C.nervously D.casually

【16】A.putting B.walking C.cutting D.stretching

【17】A.adjust to B.turn to C.depend on D.throw away

【18】A.length B.width C.depth D.strength

【19】A.test B.weigh C.catch D.measure

【20】A.note B.sign C.letter D.signal

26、Directions：Write an English composition in around 150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.

为保护环境，政府提倡垃圾分类，但许多小区的落实情况不尽人意，请你写一封电子邮件向有关部门负责人反映这一现状，并提出合理建议。

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