崇左2025届高三毕业班第三次质量检测英语试题

1、He has lived longer than the doctor expected. They didn’t think he would ________ to November.

A．make for

B．make it

C．make out

D．make up

2、It is a custom _______ hundreds of years.

A.dating back B.dates from C.dated back D.dating from

3、He is a teacher but his wife is a doctor， ________？

A.isn’t she B.isn’t it

C.aren’t they D.isn’t he

4、He told us the news ___ our team had won the match .

A.which B.that C.why D.when

5、The question occurred to me ____ the book was worth reading.

A．what

B．whether

C．which

D．if

6、My camera can be________to take pictures in cloudy and sunny conditions.

A.adapted B.adjusted C.adopted D.admitted

7、Please read the ______ on the bottle and take the right amount of medicine.

A. explanations B. instructions C. descriptions D. introductions

8、By 16:30, ______ was almost closing time, nearly all the paintings had been sold.

A.which B.when C.what D.that

9、Both men were happy to ________ from contemporary life, seeking a harmonious relationship with nature in the quietness of their lives.

A．dispose

B．withdraw

C．tremble

D．acknowledge

10、More than one person________ involved (参与) in the case.

A.is B.are C.has D.have

11、--- Does the young man _____ the company?

--- No, the company is _____ his father.

A. in possession of; in the possession of B. have possession of; in the possession of

C. take possession of; in possession of D. have possession of; in possession of

12、He was allowed to stay on with his grandma   he restricted himself to his studies.

A.in case B.even if C.as though D.so long as

13、It took us quite a long time to get here. It was ______journey.

A.three-hour B.a three hour C.a three-hour D.three hours

14、—How come the front wheel of the truck has been ________？

—The load was too heavy.

A．in shape

B．out of shape

C．in work

D．out of work

15、As President, he appointed men to high government positions ________ he considered most capable, ________ some of them openly defied his authority.

A.which … as though B./ … though

C.which … even if D.whom … as though

16、They either sat there________ or stood ________ to the ground, ________at the tree covered with hundreds of ribbons, which looked like a banner of welcome ________ in the wind.

A.stunning … rooting … starting … billowing

B.stunned … rooted … stared … billowed

C.stunning … rooting … stared … billowed

D.stunned … rooted … staring … billowing

17、________ by the beauty of the piano music, the audience almost forgot to applaud when the pianist finally finished it.

A．Attract

B．To attract

C．Attracting

D．Attracted

18、It’s high time that we against spreading false information on the Internet.

A.will fight B.fought C.would fight D.fight

19、The good thing about children is that they _______ very easily to new environments.

A.apply B.adopt C.attach D.adapt

20、Every time I look at the old photos, I am ________ back to my early childhood.

A. translated B. transferred

C. transported D. transformed

21、With our country entering an aging society, ______ the retirement age is probably unavoidable.

A.having delayed B.delaying C.being delayed D.to be delayed

22、Being a good listener is a kind a quality and that's ________ it takes to keep friendship.

A．which

B．what

C．how

D．where

23、Climate change has arrived and is _____ faster than many scientists expected.

A.uniting B.accelerating C.declining D.twisting

24、In our discussion of instincts, we saw that there was reason to believe ________ we inherit must be of some very simple sort rather than any complicated or very definite kind of behavior.

A．how

B．when

C．whatever

D．since

25、—So you gave her your phone?

— . She said she'd return it to me when she could afford her own.

A．My pleasure  B．Not exactly

C．No doubt     D．No wonder

26、The Metropolitan Museum of Art

With nearly two million works of art spanning more than 5,000 years, the Metropolitan Museum of Art (the MET) is one of the world’s largest and finest museums, presenting the best of human creativity from around the globe, with world-famous collections ranging from ancient Egyptian treasures to the spectacular New American Wing, plus more than 30 annual special exhibitions, all free with your admission. Enjoy drinks and the Roof Garden’s spectacular skyline views (May—October). Or experience Friday and Saturday evenings at the MET, open until 9 p.m. with live music in the Balcony Bar.

The MET, with its tall columns and windows, large stairways and water fountains, looks like it could be an emperor’s palace. The size and diversity of the artworks on display are even more impressive. The museum’s collection contains works from every part of the world, spanning from the Stone Age to the twentieth century. The Egyptian Art gallery includes a whole temple that was shipped to America as a gift.

The Met Store is a wonderful place to buy gifts; you will find books based on past and present exhibits, puzzles, jewelry and other reproductions produced by the museum. Upstairs there are blankets and posters for home decorating with style.

Hours

Sunday—Thursday: 10 a.m. —5: 30 p.m.

Friday and Saturday: 10 a.m. —9 p.m.

Admission

Adults: $25

Seniors(65 and over): $17

Students: $12

Children (under 12; accompanied by an adult): Free

【1】Where can you purchase a souvenir at the MET?

A．In the Roof Garden.

B．In the Balcony Bar.

C．In the Met Store.

D．In the Egyptian Art gallery.

【2】How much should a young couple with a 5-year-old kid pay if they want to visit the MET?

A．$25

B．$37

C．$50

D．$62

【3】At which time below can you see the amazing skyline views in the Roof Garden?

A．On Tuesday 28 May, 11 a.m.

B．On Friday 12 November, 4 p.m.

C．On Sunday 29 October, 6 p.m.

D．On Saturday 21 January, 2 a.m.

27、   Tiny microbes(微生物)are at the heart of a new agricultural technique to manage harmful greenhouse gas. Scientists have discovered how microbes can be used to turn carbon dioxide into soil-enriching limestone(石灰石), with the help of a type of tree that grows in tropical areas, such as West Africa.

Researchers have found that when the Iroko tree is grown in dry, acidic soil and treated with a combination of natural fungi(霉菌)and other bacteria, not only does the tree grow well, it also produces the mineral limestone in the soil around its root.

The Iroko tree makes a mineral by combining Ca from the earth with CO2 from the atmosphere. The bacteria then create the conditions under which this mineral turns into limestone. The discovery offers a new way to lock carbon into the soil, keeping it out of the atmosphere. In addition to storing carbon in the trees leaves and in the form of limestone. the mineral in the soil makes it more suitable for agriculture.

The discovery could lead to reforestation(重新造林) projects in tropical countries, and help reduce carbon dioxide in the atmosphere in the developing world. It has already been used in West Africa and is being tested in Bolivia, Haiti and India.

The findings were made in a three-year project involving researchers from the Universities of Edinburgh, Granada, Lausanne and Delft University of Technology. The project examined several microbiological methods of locking CO2 as limestone, and the Iroko-bacteria way showed best results. Work was funded by the European Commission under the Future&Emerging Technologies(FET)scheme.

Dr Bryne Ngwenya of the University of Edinburgh’s School of GeoSciences, who led the research, said:“By taking advantage of this natural limestone-producing process, we have a low-tech,safe, readily employed and easily operating way to lock carbon out of the atmosphere, while improving farming conditions in tropical countries.”

【1】The passage is mainly introducing______.

A.some useful natural fungi and bacteria

B.a new way to deal with greenhouse gas

C.a newly-found tree in West Africa

D.the soil-enriching limestone created by scientists

【2】Which of the following is True about tiny microbes?

A.Most tiny microbes like living in dry, acidic soil.

B.CO2 can be broken down by natural fungi and bacteria.

C.The more greenhouse gas is, the more active tiny microbes become.

D.Tiny microbes get along well with the Iroko tree in special soil.

【3】What does the underlined word"it"in paragraph 3 probably refer to?

A.Soil. B.Carbon.

C.Limestone. D.Carbon.

【4】According to the passage, what can we infer?

A.The action of the tiny microbes can increase the oxygen in the earth

B.Researchers have done the experiment on trees in Africa for three years

C.Researchers tend to use natural power to solve their problem

D.West Africa is one of the most polluted areas all over the world

28、   If you plan to learn a foreign language, you might think it’s going to be really challenging. You’ve probably heard a lot of talks about how it’s easier to learn languages as a young child, and that learning as an adult can be difficult. You might even know friends or family members who have tried to learn a foreign tongue and failed. That’s because they are surrounded by the failure. We’re here to cheer you up with some good news and inspire you to get started.

The amazing adult brain: whether you can learn languages at any age? Scientists are always learning about the human brain. Decades ago, experts believed that the brain developed during childhood and then kept that way for life. However, modern studies have shown us that the brain has the ability to continually form new neural (神经的) connections throughout adulthood. A 2010 Swedish study tested two groups of people, one in the range of age 21 through 30 and another between 65 and 80. Remarkably, they found no significant differences in neuroplasticity (神经可塑性). In other words, this suggests that it’s possible for you to learn new things at any age.

Besides being possible to learn languages: research also suggests that it improves the adult brain in general. In a 2012 Chinese study, experts looked at a group of adults who were learning Mandarin over a nine-month period. They found that these adults showed improved integrity in their white matter, the part of the brain that allows neural cells to communicate. The better your neural cells communicate, the easier it will be for you to learn new things.

Why may adults have an easier time learning? Children might be blessed with a naturally high degree of neuroplasticity, but that doesn’t mean learning is necessarily easier for them. In fact, adult brains have a number of great qualities that might actually make learning easier, especially if you take advantage of free language learning apps like Mondly.

【1】Why do some adults fail in the language learning?

A.Because they have bad memories.

B.Because they have no plans for language learning.

C.Because language learning is too difficult for adults to learn.

D.Because maybe they are influenced by some adults who have failed.

【2】What can we learn from the text?

A.Children can learn a language more easily.

B.Adults can learn a language even at old age.

C.The learning apps like Mondly are good for children.

D.Adults can learn a language more easily after learning Chinese.

【3】What will the text refer to next?

A.How to learn a new language for adults.

B.How to use the app Mondly.

C.How to improve neuroplasticity.

D.How to tell the kids to learn a language.

29、Although people value intelligence-understanding, reasoning, the ability to learn-they also respect wisdom, or the knowledge and experience that we gain over a lifetime.In some ways, wisdom is like beauty: we value it, we desire it, we know it when we see it, but it is nearly impossible to pin down such a quality. 【1】

1.Working at being social

Studies show that people who stay connected to others show higher levels of wisdom than those who remain alone.【2】  Next time you're at a party or gathering, single out someone who's standing alone and strike up a conversation.

2.【3】 Wisdom involves being able to understand all sides of an issue without letting emotions or personal feelings get in the way. Opening your mind means realizing that everyone has a life story that influences their actions. During the course of every day, make a note of the issues that bother you, and take a moment to see them from the other side.

3.Learn how to say, "I could be wrong".

A wise person understands that it is impossible to know everything and that life is capable of taking unexpected turns.【4】 Admitting that there are times when you could be mistaken will go a long way in solidifying your fame.

4.Reading the news 【5】 If you don’t already read a daily paper or news online,start by going through a single front-page article from a major respected news source.

Almost everyone has the potential to become wiser,particularly if you strengthen these habits.

A．Practice being open-Minded.

B．Sharing good news with your friends.

C．But researchers have tried-and here's what they've found.

D．Recognizing your errors can lead only to greater wisdom,

E．Make an effort to join a new club, or invite an old friend  for coffee.

F．You do not have to admit your mistakes if you are really unwilling to.

G．You cannot make balanced choices unless you understand world circumstances.

30、   Wheeling her red chair and scissors around the city, Katie gives out—of—luck strangers the gift of visibility.

Last summer, Katie saw a man sitting with a _________ asking for help. She asked, “Hey! I’m giving _________ haircuts. Do you want one?”

The man, named Edward, was in his 60s. “_________,” he said, “I have a funeral to go. I was really _________ to get a haircut.” After Katie was done, Edward looked in a mirror. “I look _________!”

“It’s more than a haircut. I want it to _________ value and respect.” Katie knows that a haircut can _________ a life. As a teen, she _________ a disease that was so severe that her hair thinned seriously. Seeing this, her mother _________ for Katie’s first haircut. “To sit down and have somebody look at me and talk to me like a person and not just an illness helped me feel cared about and less __________.” she says.

Katie wanted to help people __________ the same way. In 2009, she began her Red Chair Project, reaching out to people on the streets. Katie listens to peopled stories of loss, addiction, and __________ to get back on their feet. The attention __________ works.

It all began with a belief in simple acts of __________, such as a free haircut. “The way you show up in the world __________,” says Katie. “You have no idea what people will do with the kindness that you give them.”

【1】A.mask B.chair C.sign D.minor

【2】A.perfect B.regular C.special D.free

【3】A.Naturally B.Luckily C.Actually D.Eventually

【4】A.exploring B.hoping C.begging D.moving

【5】A.good B.brave C.healthy D.satisfied

【6】A.prove B.show C.appreciate D.combine

【7】A.establish B.complete C.change D.reflect

【8】A.suffered from B.got through C.put up with D.adapted to

【9】A.charged B.applied C.sought D.arranged

【10】A.worthwhile B.serious C.alone D.innocent

【11】A.feel B.follow C.accomplish D.select

【12】A.struggle B.escape C.relief D.performance

【13】A.extremely B.apparently C.merely D.hardly

【14】A.joy B.honesty C.pride D.kindness

【15】A.occurs B.continues C.remains D.matters

31、   Troy longed to be a professional basketball player. He had loved the _______ ever since he was a small child. He was also very skilled. However, he had one small _______. He was very short. Although his school coach had suggested that he would never _______ it in the professional leagues, he _______ to give up on his dream.

Troy had several _______ tries at professional clubs. Then he went to a club in Los Angeles and _______ the coach for a try. As usual, he was refused.

“But you haven't even given me a(n) _______ ,” said Troy.

“Why should I?” asked the coach.

“Because one day I am going to be the best player in the world _______ I will be able to help you out,” Troy replied seriously.

The coach smiled at the _______ of the answer.

“Alright kid,” he said.

Troy took part in a short practice match and the coach was ________ at his skills.

“You ________ have a lot of talent,” he said.

After two short years, Troy was a regular for the ________ and had even won the award as the team' s most valuable player. ________ with Troy's help, the team wasn't winning many games and the coach was said to be close to losing his ________ . It was before a game against the New York team that he called Troy into his office for a discussion.

“I have heard that if we lose tonight then I will be replaced as coach,” he told Troy. “I need you to carry the team and win the game. Do you remember your ________ before I signed you?'

Troy nodded. He went on to play the game of his life that evening. The team won the game and won every game that was left that season.

【1】A.task B.class C.sport D.place

【2】A.doubt B.problem C.dream D.reason

【3】A.change B.learn C.hear D.make

【4】A.tried B.regretted C.refused D.feared

【5】A.unsuccessful B.meaningful C.unfair D.careless

【6】A.found B.asked C.forced D.considered

【7】A.choice B.instruction C.suggestion D.chance

【8】A.and B.but C.if D.as

【9】A.influence B.confidence C.interest D.shortness

【10】A.annoyed B.disappointed C.puzzled D.surprised

【11】A.certainly B.usually C.finally D.possibly

【12】A.program B.party C.club D.school

【13】A.Again B.Almost C.Even D.Only

【14】A.money B.job C.team D.patience

【15】A.promise B.purpose C.advice D.secret

32、Biking through my PhD

Overcoming my initial struggles in the Netherland to start my PhD has been like riding a bike.

I _____ in a hilly, seaside city in China without cycle paths, and biking was  _____ for me. Now, my Dutch neighbour was telling me I had to _____.

It took me around a month to feel _____ cycling. After half a year, I was starting to enjoy it. For me a hopeful ______ for dealing with Dutch traffic was to make a lot of noise as I ______: loud laughs, “look out”, “watch it”, and so on. This ______ other cyclists into keeping away from me, and prevented the ______ that had seemed unavoidable when I started.

This pattern, of a time of struggle ______ by fun, was reported with other ______ of my life in Utrecht. There were more “bikes” that I ______ to learn how to ride. One of them was ______ management. In Utrecht, I don’t see people working ______ time. As for working at the weekend, ______ it. I initially assumed that nobody was working very hard, because of their shorter ______. But after a few months, I ______ that the other PhD students were all ______ focused on their work during that eight-hour working ______, whereas I was taking endless “breaks” when I could have been focusing on my studies.

Cycling has become a ______ of my growth, freedom and ______ adjustment to PhD life in the Netherlands. And I have formed a good habit of working while I work and playing while I play.

【1】A.went through B.worked out C.grew up D.got around

【2】A.necessary B.dangerous C.convenient D.normal

【3】A.travel B.decide C.learn D.advance

【4】A.nervous B.anxious C.sensitive D.comfortable

【5】A.trick B.plan C.tendency D.instruction

【6】A.shouted B.jogged C.rode D.explored

【7】A.cheated B.persuaded C.guided D.frightened

【8】A.races B.crashes C.ruins D.competitions

【9】A.accompanied B.presented C.motivated D.appreciated

【10】A.backgrounds B.occupations C.studies D.aspects

【11】A.hesitated B.failed C.remembered D.needed

【12】A.time B.finance C.business D.effect

【13】A.special B.regular C.extra D.valid

【14】A.cancel B.forget C.select D.promote

【15】A.hours B.vacations C.weekends D.distances

【16】A.regretted B.supposed C.argued D.recognized

【17】A.completely B.considerately C.hurriedly D.repeatedly

【18】A.practice B.section C.period D.evaluation

【19】A.inspiration B.symbol C.symptom D.remark

【20】A.successful B.ambitious C.objective D.adventurous

33、While high school does not generally encourage students to explore new aspects of life, college sets the stage for that exploration.I myself went through this _____ process and found something that has changed my _____ at college for the better：I discovered ASL－American Sign Language (美式手语)．

I never felt an urge to _____ any sign language before.My entire family is hearing, and so are all my friends.The _____ languages were enough in all my interactions (交往)．Little did I know that I would discover my _____ for ASL.

The _____ began during my first week at college.I watched as the ASL Club _____ their translation of a song.Both the hand movements and the very _____ of communicating without speaking _____ me.What I saw was completely unlike anything I had experienced in the ______．This newness just left me ______ more.

After that, feeling the need to ______ further, I decided to drop in on one of ASL club's meetings.I only learned how to ______ the alphabet that day.Yet instead of being discouraged by my ______ progress, I was excited.I then made it a point to ______ those meetings and learn all I could.

The following term, I ______ an ASL class.The professor was deaf and any talking was ______．I soon realized that the silence was not unpleasant.______， if there had been any talking, it would have ______ us to learn less.Now, I appreciate the silence and the ______ way of communication it opens.

【1】

A．searching

B．planning

C．natural

D．formal

【2】

A．progress

B．experience N

C．major

D．opinion

【3】

A．choose

B．read

C．learn

D．create

【4】

A．official

B．foreign

C．body

D．spoken

【5】

A．love

B．concern

C．goal

D．request

【6】

A．meeting

B．trip

C．story

D．task

【7】

A．recorded

B．performed

C．recited

D．discussed

【8】

A．idea

B．amount

C．dream

D．reason

【9】

A．disturbed

B．supported

C．embarrassed

D．attracted

【10】

A．end

B．past

C．course

D．distance

【11】

A．showing

B．acting

C．saying

D．wanting

【12】

A．exercise

B．explore

C．express

D．explain

【13】

A．print

B．write

C．sign

D．count

【14】

A．slow

B．steady

C．normal

D．obvious

【15】

A．chair

B．sponsor

C．attend

D．organize

【16】

A．missed

B．passed

C．gave up

D．registered for

【17】

A．prohibited

B．welcomed

C．ignored

D．repeated

【18】

A．Lastly

B．Thus

C．Instead

D．However

【19】

A．required

B．caused

C．allowed

D．expected

【20】

A．easy

B．popular

C．quick

D．new

34、Directions: Complete the following sentences by using the proper form of the words or expressions given in the frame. Each one can only be used once.

Why your Password May Not Be As Safe As It Seems?  Does “qaz2ws” strike you as a nice safe password? What about “adgjmptw”? An analysis has found them to be among the passwords that are most 【1】 used, which of course means they are not secure at all.

When ten million passwords were leaked on to the internet，they appeared to 【2】that attempts by internet security experts to make us improve our password strength had been successful, even if, in the specific case of the leaked passwords, they are also completely pointless.

While many of the passwords were still single words, such as “password”，there was also a clear attempt by many to make them harder to【3】. The problem was that people seemed to do so in the same way.

“Users are becoming slightly more 【4】what makes a password strong,” explained WP Engine, an internet company that performed the analysis. “For instance, adding a number or two at the end of a text phrase. That makes it better, right?”

But 【5】no. They found that almost half a million passwords did this and in 20 percent of those all people did was put the number “1” at the end.

Perhaps this is why some companies are now trying to move gradually beyond passwords. Yahoo! is giving users the option to 【6】 their mobile phone with an account, having a single use passwords texted to it each time they want to log on.

Although the serviced is voluntary, Dylan Casey an executive at Yahoo!，said that it was “the first step to【7】passwords”. He said it was a(n)【8】that it was increasingly hard for people to remember all the passwords they had. “I don’t think we, as an industry, have done a good enough job of putting ourselves in the shoes of the people using our products,” he said.

It would certainly be a more sensible strategy than same people’s improving upon “password” by using “password” or，“tran5p053d numb3r5 f0r 133tr3r5”.

“We are, for the most part，predictably【9】when it comes to choosing passwords, despite a decade of warnings from password strength checkers during sign-ups” said WP Engine. “We love taking a(n) 【10】, and so do password crackers.

35、Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

Driving an electric car 【1】 to the protection of environment, or so the marketing departments of their makers would have you believe. Yet a report which analyzes car emissions presents a rather different picture. A battery-powered car recharged with 【2】 generated by coal-fired power stations, it found, is likely to be more harmful. It could cause more than three times as many deaths from pollution as a 【3】 petrol-driven vehicle.

The study was carried out by the University of Minnesota. The researchers estimated how levels of fine particulate matter (细颗粒物) and ground-level ozone — two important 【4】 of air pollution — would change when a car is powered by different ways.

It was no surprise that electric cars whose batteries were recharged with power from wind, solar or hydro-electric sources came out to be virtually free from harmful 【5】. They were estimated to cause 231 deaths over the course of a year, compared with 878 for petrol cars. Electric cars recharged with power from natural gas-fired stations were also a lot less harmful than petrol-driven ones, with 439 deaths. But if those same electric cars were recharged 【6】 by coal, they would be responsible for over 3,000 deaths.

Biofuels also caused more health problems than petrol. But diesel, which often  【7】 concern about pollution, is slightly cleaner than petrol. This is because the study assumes for all cars that emission-control technologies will be more widely used, especially particulate filters which have a remarkable effect on cleaning diesel 【8】. Diesel cars are also more 【9】 of fuel than petrol-driven ones.

Overall, the study shows that electric cars are cleaner than those traditional vehicles only if the power used to charge then is also clean. That is hardly a surprise, but the 【10】 of the difference is. How green electric cars really are, then, will depend mainly on where they are driven. In France, which obtains more than half of its power from nuclear station, electric cars look like a good bet. In China and some other developing countries, where a large amount of electricity is produced from coal, they may not be so environment- friendly as they are marketed.

36、Directions：Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A huge milestone has just been reached in the field of artificial intelligence: AlphaGo, a program developed by Google’s DeepMind unit, has defeated legendary Go player Lee Se-dol in the first of five historic matches being held in Seoul, South Korea. Lee 【1】 after about three and a half hours, with 28 minutes and 28 seconds remaining on his clock. The series is the first time a professional 9-dan Go player has taken on a computer, and Lee is 【2】 for a $1 million prize.

“I was very surprised,”said Lee after the match.“I didn’t expect to lose. But I didn’t think AlphaGo would play the game in such a perfect manner.”DeepMind founder Demis Hassabis expressed“huge 【3】 for Lee Se-dol and his amazing skills.”calling the game“hugely exciting”and“very tense.”Team lead David Silver said it was an“amazing game of Go that really pushed AlphaGo to its 【4】.”

Go is an ancient Chinese board game that has long been considered one of the great 【5】faced by AI. While computer programs ow best the world’s leading human players of games like checkers and chess, the high level of intuition and 【6】required by Go has made it tough for computers to crack. DeepMind’s AlphaGo program is the most 【7】effort yet, using a complex system of deep neural networks and machine learning; it beat European champion Fan Hui last year, but Lee Se-dol is another 【8】 rival entirely.

“I don’t regret accepting this challenge,”said Lee.“I am in shock, I admit that, but what’s done is done. I enjoyed this game and look forward to the next. I think I failed on the opening layout so if I do a better job on the opening aspect I think I will be able to increase my 【9】 of winning.”Lee was surprised both by how strong AlphaGo’s opening was, and by some 【10】moves.

37、Directions: Complete the following passages by using the words in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

Why Cold weather Causes So many Flight Cancellation?

Each year, about 60,000 flights get canceled because of bad winter weather, which costs airlines and airports an estimated $3 billion. But it’s not the freezing cold temperatures that cause problems for planes. After all, 【1】 jets fly 10 kilometers up, where temperatures hover around -50 degrees Celsius.

In fact, planes 【2】 in cold weather, since cold air is denser and leads to better thrust. Clearly, the real problem isn’t what’s going on up there. It’s what’s happening on the ground.

When a 【3】 polar vortex (极地涡旋) struck the Midwestern US in January 2019, temperatures dropped to -40 degrees Celsius and airline canceled 3,000 flights nationwide. In these situations, when temperatures start 【4】, everything slows down. Cargo doors can freeze up, along with the nozzles that pump fuel into planes, which delays the 【5】 process.

Even the plane itself can freeze over. Just a quarter-inch - thick layer of ice on a plane can disrupt the way air flows over its wings.

Les Westbrooks: The number one reason, I would say, that the reason flights get delayed in cold weather is going to be because there’s some kind of frozen precipitation, from frost to snow to a sheet of ice, adhering to the aircraft, adhering to the wings of the aircraft 【6】.

That’s Les Westbrooks, a retired airline pilot and an associate professor of aeronautical science at Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University. He says that 【7】, these planes are “de-iced” - but this also delays takeoff. The crew can spray the plane with a special hot water/ glycol mixture. It can take around 40 minutes to de-ice large passenger airplanes, so planes often have to wait “their turn” for the de-icing station, which, of course, can trigger more delays.

And ice on the runway, of course, creates another set of 【8】. In 2014, a plane at JFK skidded off an icy runway and into a mound of snow, leading to an hours-long shutdown at the airport. And even though crews can remove ice from the runway, scraping it off the pavement can lead to potholes (坑洞) and other 【9】, which makes takeoffs and landings more dangerous. And of course, snow and freezing rain on the ground can affect visibility to the point where officials have to decide it’s not safe to fly at all.

But if ice and snow aren’t the problem in these extremely cold temperatures, it’s usually another factor: people.

Les Westbrooks: The airplane flies at high altitudes, -60 degrees. It’s made to do that. Humans are not made to be outside in -60 degrees weather. And so the human factor becomes a big, big factor, when it becomes extremely cold.

Baggage handlers, aircraft fuelers, and mechanics all have to stay warm. Some airports, like O’Hare in Chicago, set up heated shelters for their employees. Of course, with everyone taking breaks to warm up, not as much gets done, which leads to even more delays and cancellations. Passengers start missing their 【10】 flights, and that, along with passengers who can’t make it to the airport due to bad road conditions, leads to half-empty planes.

In fact, many airlines might preemptively cancel flights before bad weather even hits. So, in the end, you can still blame cold weather for cancelling your flight.

38、假定你是李华，注意到你校学生很少进行英语文学阅读。请给全校同学用英语写一封倡议书，倡导大家多阅读英语文学作品。内容包括：

1、介绍现状；

2、你对英语文学阅读的看法；

3、发出倡议。

注意:

1、词数80左右；

2、可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

My fellow students,

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Li Hua

39、假定你是李华，你的新西兰朋友Terry没有进入学校唱歌比赛的决赛，感到非常伤心。请你给他写一封email，内容包括：

1．表示安慰；2．给予鼓励；3．提出希望。

注意：1．词数100左右；

2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

Dear Terry,

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours,

Li Hua

40、Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.

描写一下你的房间。如果有可能的话，你会在哪些方面做一些改变，使其更加温馨、舒适和美丽。

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41、假如你是李华，五一期间你和家人去平遥古城旅游，发电子邮件告知你的英国笔友Frank你们的出游情况，要点如下：

1. 参观世界文化遗产---平遥古城；

2. 欣赏由王潮歌导演的实景演出；

3. 品尝当地小吃。

参考词汇：世界文化遗产 World Cultural Heritage Site

实景演出 live-action performance

注意：1. 词数100左右；

2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

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