2024-2025年湖南张家界初一下册期末英语试卷_2024-2025年湖南张家界初一下册期末英语试卷下载-掌乐网试卷

1、Many coral reefs in warm water areas would not be dying out ______ for the pollution accumulated over the previous years.
A.if it is not B.were it not C.had it not been D.if they were not
2、The number of Hutongs in Beijing is decreasing, ______ they still attract tourists from all over the world.
A．or
B．and
C．but
D．so
3、—Is it all right if I leave a bit earlier?
——_________ . I can finish the report on my own.
A．Sure thing
B．Help yourself
C．Forget it
D．That depends
4、Mr.Green is always devoted to his work and has a sense of responsibility. That’s why he was asked to _______the company when manager’s health was declining.
A. take over B. hand over
C. turn over D. trip over
5、I would line up my __________ on this windowsill(窗台) and play.
A.toives B.toyes C.toies D.toys
6、There are also people who object to fairy stories on the grounds ______ they are not objectively true, and that giants, witches, two-headed dragons etc do not exist.
A. that B. what C. which D. when
7、Only when ________hard________realize your dream of going to a key university.
A．do you study; you can
B．you study; you can
C．do you study; can you
D．you study; can you
8、--How do you usually go to work? –– I usually drive, but if it is fine, I ______ by bike.
A. will go B. would go C. have gone D. had gone
9、Born into a family with three brothers，David was ________ to value the sense of sharing.
A. brought up B. turned down
C. looked after D. held back
10、In universities in China, classes are often arranged in more flexible___ and a lot of jobs are offered to the students after graduation.
A. patterns B. ranks C. grades D. scales
11、It’s already 10:00, I wonder how it _______ that she was two hours late on such a short trip.
A.came over B.came out C.came about D.came up
12、Single women were allowed to take part in their own competition in ancient Olympic Games, at a separate festival _______ Hera, the wife of the Greek god Zeus.
A．in favor of
B．in honor of
C．in charge of
D．in search of
13、 on the light in the bathroom，or you will experience an unfortunate fall.
A.Turn B.Turning
C.Being turn D.Having turn
14、—Alice has just lost her husband to heart failure.
—Her ______ smile can’t hide her sorrow.
A. arbitrary B. artificial
C. compulsory D. conventional
15、In fighting with enemies, the economy dropped greatly, ______, many lives were claimed.
A. on top of that B. in contrast
C. for another thing D. above all
16、Some experts hold the view that fundamental construction is _____ the key to the little island development lies.
A. which B. what C. where D. why
17、Some irresponsible websites allowed restaurants to post false pictures ________ could mislead customers.
A. who B. that C. when D. where
18、As a doctor, I spend most of the time with my patients, and that’s ______ it is in my day.
A. how B. when C. why D. where
19、New York is the fashion capital of the world, says a new study on Feb 4. 2014 by the Global Language Monitor (GLM), Pairs ____ second, with Shanghai ______10th while Hongkong 20th.
A. coming, ranks B. come, ranked C. comes, ranking D. coming, ranking
20、It’s supposed to be the end of the paperback and the ________ of digital media, but some bookstores are surviving the Internet age with surprising success.
A. deadline B. dawn
C. dusk D. departure

21、When you’re behind the wheel, distractions (分心) cost lives. Nevertheless, drivers take selfies, and respond to text messages. 【1】
Smartphones are often at the root of these tragedies. As Big Tech sets its sights on modern vehicles, it’s appropriate to ask if it’s time to limit attention-stealing technology that distracts the driver.
Big Tech wants to take on the automotive industry. And it is good at grabbing both attention and information from users. At first, the goal of these technology companies was to give away services at no cost, simply to attract a customer base. 【2】 Their increasing thirst for valuable user information has led them to the automotive industry, where a whole new world of data awaits. Location data, frequent destinations, passenger preferences — such data is found in family cars. 【3】
Mobile tech is walled off from vehicle operating systems by software that keeps infotainment (information and entertainment) features away from the mission-critical driving electronics. If auto makers give up their core operating system to tech powerhouses, they will essentially become hardware suppliers to Silicon Valley.
【4】 Their responsibility is to keep attention on the road, providing vehicle information and a small amount of entertainment options while getting passengers from place to place as safely as possible. Smartphone makers and digital-media providers don’t have this priority. They want eyes on their products, not on the road.
With electric vehicles transforming the auto industry, and artificial intelligence more common than ever, we’re at a dangerous moment. 【5】 Because their hardware is wrapped around families, they have a duty to keep them safe. The only way they can do that is to maintain control of the driver’s seat.
The quality, safety and security will make or break trust in auto makers. Without it, cars will be simply one more intrusive and risky mobile device.
A．Car companies have priorities opposed to those of Big Tech.
B．Now they exist to sell information about their users to advertisers.
C．They enjoy the convenience and fun brought by modern technology.
D．Car makers are, and should be, the most trusted technology companies in the world.
E．Currently video-streaming services are starting to be built into car operating systems.
F．And operating systems and autonomous-driving software are all gateways for this information.
G．Statistics show that an average of eight people a day die in accidents caused by distracted driving.
22、 The Children’s Library is currently offering pick-up service. Customers may tell us your requests for any books or movies over the telephone by calling(561)655-2776, on Mondays between 10 a.m. and 1 p.m.
Customers can click here to browse our available titles. Limits on requests are 15 per family. Pick-up time is 10 a.m, to noon on Tuesdays and Thursdays of the same week when requests are made. Please note some items listed as available may become unavailable before your order is filled.
Once a request is made, library staff will call you to confirm your request, and reserve pick-up time for Tuesday or Thursday between 10 a.m. and noon. When arriving for pick-up, customers are asked to “drive-through” the Rovensky staff parking lot, attached to the building which houses the Children’s Library. On arrival, call our Children’s Library to let them know you are here and a staff member will place your bag. Please remain in your vehicle. Please place all returns in our book drop.
The Children’s Library offers a variety of programs throughout the year, including Preschool Story Time, Family Story Time and special events. Programs for children in kindergarten and higher grades are offered during the season, November through April, on selected weekdays. Children are invited to borrow books, use iPads, play games, build with blocks and enjoy special programs at no charge.
Children of all ages, newborn through 17, must always be accompanied by an adult while in the Children’s Library. Likewise, all adults must be accompanied by a child.
【1】When can customers make a call to tell their requests?
A．1: 00 a.m., Monday.
B．10: 30 a.m., Monday.
C．10: 30 a.m., Tuesday.
D．11: 30 a.m., Thursday.
【2】What rules shall customers follow when visiting the library?
A．Pay a fee to use an iPad.
B．Offer programs for children.
C．Take fewer than 15 family members.
D．Drive to the staff-only parking lot.
【3】Where is this text most likely from?
A．A notice.
B．brochure.
C．A newspaper.
D．A webpage.
23、 A new study has shown how computers and robots powered by artificial intelligence can read human eye movements to “read” human personalities.
The eyes, they say, are the windows to the soul. And if that is true, computers and robots powered by complex artificial intelligence algorithms(算法) may soon have the ability to peer into your soul. That is the result of a new study on the connection between eye movements and personality, conducted by neuroscience researchers based at the University of South Australia and Published in the scientific Journal Frontiers in Neuroscience.
“Eye movements during an everyday task predict aspects of our personality,” wrote the researchers, led by University of South Australia neuroscientist Tobias Loetscher, whose team follows 42 study subjects around the university campus recording their eye movements, then determines their personality traits(特点) with “well-established questionnaires” for determining personality type, according to a summary of the study published by the site Science Daily.
The researchers fed the data into their Al algorithms and found that computers running the algorithms were able to record human eye movements and immediately determine a person's major personality traits, such as “neuroticism, agreeableness, conscientiousness, as well as perceptual(感知的) curiosity”, the scientists wrote.
“The new findings could improve the way human beings interact with their computers and other high-tech devices, even robots, allowing for more natural and realistic social interactions with machines,” Loetscher said.
“People are always looking for improved, personalized services. Today’s robots and computers are not socially aware so they cannot adapt to non-verbal information,” Loetscher said in a statement quoted by Indian Express. This research provides opportunities to develop robots and computers so that they can become more natural, and better at interpreting human social signals.”
The study revealed previously undiscovered relations between specific personality characteristics and specific eye movement tendencies, according to a summary in Britain’s Daily Mail newspaper.
【1】What do the underlined words “peer into” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?
A. Stare at. B. Understand.
C. Search for. D. Concern about.
【2】How did the researchers conduct the research?
A. It was carried out in a lab.
B. 42 subjects’ eye movements were recorded.
C. The students’ daily movements were tracked.
D. Its subjects’ personalities were determined by computer.
【3】What can we know according to Tobias Loetscher?
A. Robots and computers are socially conscious.
B. People care less about improved, personalized services.
C. Today’s robots and computers can accustom to non-verbal information.
D. The discovery will improve the interaction between human beings and machines.
【4】What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. Human Personality Traits
B. What Human Eye Movements Are
C. Tell Personalities by Eye Movements.
D. How Humans and Machines Can Interact
24、People may use the expression “birdbrain” in English to talk about someone who is stupid, but crows prove that this is unfair. Now it has been discovered that crows may understand analogies.
It was once thought that only humans could understand analogies, which help us to solve problems creatively, put things into categories, and make scientific discoveries.
To test this ability in animals, scientists do “relational matching-to-sample”(RMTS) tests, according to the IFL Science website. If a pair was AA, for example, then picking BB to match it would be correct. If the pair was CD, however, then EF would be correct.
Apes and monkeys have learned RMTS, but scientists wanted to know if crows could do it, too. An international team led by Edward Wasserman from the University of Iowa in the US first trained two hooded crows to match things by color, shape, and number in what is called “identity matching-to-sample (IMTS)”, then moved onto RMTS.
For the IMTS test, the birds were put in a cage with a plastic tray that had three cards and two cups in it. The card in the middle was the sample card. The cups on either side were covered with the other two cards: One was the same as the sample (in the color, shape, or number of shapes pictured), while the other wasn’t. The cup with the card that matched the sample card contained two worms to eat.
In the second part of the experiment, the birds were tested with relational matching pairs. A card with two same-sized circles, for example, meant they should pick the test card with two same-sized squares and not two different-sized circles. The birds did well in the more difficult test and picked the correct card more than three quarters of the time, Science News reports.
Wasserman was surprised that crows were able to solve the problem without any training in RMTS. “What the crows have done is extraordinary,” he said in a news release. “Honestly, if it was only by force that the crows showed this learning, then it would have been an impressive result. But this was spontaneous.”
So perhaps it’s time to stop saying “birdbrain” permanently!
【1】Why does the author mention the expression “birdbrain” in the opening paragraph?
A．To get the reader interested in the origins of the expression.
B．To urge people to stop saying that birds are stupid.
C．To introduce the topic of Edward Wasserman and his experiments.
D．To introduce recent findings about crows’ intelligence.
【2】Which of the following is TRUE about the tests on the hooded crows?
A．The birds did better in RMTS than in IMTS.
B．The birds were first made to do RMTS, then IMTS.
C．The birds picked almost all the correct cards in RMTS.
D．In the IMTS test, the birds needed to identify the sample card to get rewards.
【3】In the RMTS test, if the birds were given the sample card with two same-sized triangles, they had to pick the test card with ________.
A．two same-sized circles
B．one circle and one triangle
C．two different-sized circles
D．two different-sized triangles
【4】The underlined word “spontaneous” in the second-to-last paragraph is closest in meaning to ________.
A．central
B．creative
C．natural
D．predictable
【5】Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?
A．Monkeys Are Clever Than Crows
B．Crows Show Cleverness
C．Crows Did Well in RMTS
D．Don’t Look Down on Birds

25、 Today we continue our series on ecology and conservation with a look at a particularly endangered member of the black bear family. One in ten black bears is ________ born with a white coat, which is the result of a/an ________ gene that surfaces in a few. Local people have named it ‘the spirit bear’. And according to the legends of these communities, its snowy fur brings with it a special power. Because of this, it has always been highly ________ by them—so much that they do not speak of seeing it to anyone else. It is their way of protecting it when strangers visit the area.
The white bear’s ________ is quite interesting. The bear’s strong relationship with the old-growth rainforest is a complex one. The white bear relies on the huge centuries-old trees in the forest in many ways. ________, the old-growth trees have extremely long roots that help prevent erosion (腐蚀) of the soil along the banks of the many fish streams. Keeping these banks undamaged is important because these streams are home to salmon, which are the bear’s main food ________. The bear’s feeding habits nurture the forest ________. As the bears eat the salmon, they abandon the skin and bones in great amounts on the forest floor, which provide vital nutrients. These produce vegetation that ________ thousands of other types of life forms, from birds to insects and more.
Today, the spirit bear lives off the coast of the province of British Columbia on a few islands. There is great concern for their survival since it is estimated that less than two hundred of these white bears remain. The best way to protect them is to make every effort to preserve the ________ balance of their forest environment—in other words, their ecosystem.
The greatest ________ to the bear’s existence is the loss of its habitat. Over many years, logging companies have stripped the land by ________ a large number of trees. In addition, they have built roads which have fractured the areas where the bear usually ________, and many hibernation sites have also been lost. The logging of the trees along the streams has damaged the places where the bears fish. To make matters worse, the number of salmon in those streams is declining because there is no legal ________ on fishing at the moment.
All these ________ have a negative impact on the spirit bear’s very existence, which is made all the more fragile by the fact that reproduction among these bears has always been ________ low. While it is important to maintain the spirit bear’s habitat, there also needs to be more emphasis on its expansion. The move is justified as it will also create space for other bears that are losing their homes.
A．originally
B．actually
C．specially
D．cautiously
A．external
B．scarce
C．circular
D．special
A．justified
B．threatened
C．regarded
D．instructed
A．habitat
B．behavior
C．habit
D．data
A．Moreover
B．For example
C．In other words
D．In addition
A．origin
B．issue
C．resource
D．source
A．by the way
B．in return
C．to some extent
D．on the contrary
A．stimulates
B．owes
C．originates
D．sustains
A．typical
B．specific
C．delicate
D．original
A．threat
B．symbol
C．sign
D．effect
A．calling in
B．cutting down
C．pushing around
D．wearing out
A．feeds
B．sleeps
C．reveals
D．indicates
A．possibility
B．ambition
C．limit
D．law
A．doubts
B．influences
C．guarantees
D．continues
A．optimistically
B．reliably
C．fundamentally
D．disappointingly

26、阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
One day, Gina received a smartphone. But she didn’t know how to use it. So Gina went to her daughter’s house to ask her grandson, Josh, for help.
When seeing Josh, Gina asked him for help. “Sorry Grandma. I have to leave for baseball now,” Josh answered from the sofa, his eyes locked on his own phone. Then he stood up, took his baseball bag, and left. Over the next few days, Gina went to see Josh several times. However, Josh always had something to do, giving excuses such as going to the movies.
Gina finally understood Josh actually didn’t want to help her. She stopped asking him. She turned to some friends for help. Before long, she learned how to use her phone to read stories, communicate with friends, etc.
Later, on a Monday evening, Gina visited her daughter, Oona. They happily talked when Josh was making dinner. Suddenly, they heard Josh crying out. Oona rushed towards the kitchen. Gina followed and found Josh’s hands burned by hot water by accident. “Mom, I think we need to go to the hospital,” Oona said. “Yes, I’ll drive,” Gina said.
At last, the doctor said Josh would be fine after a few days, but his hands would be bandaged (用绷带包扎). Josh was also advised not to go to school for some days so he could rest and get better soon. Oona asked Josh’s best friend to tell him his homework.
On Wednesday, Josh was alone at home. His grandma came to help make lunch for him, because he couldn’t use his hands. While Gina was cooking, Josh wanted to check his homework. His friend had sent his homework assignment to his phone through emails and text messages. But Josh couldn’t operate his phone. He realized he had to ask his grandma to help him out.
And he suddenly remembered he had refused to help his grandma when she asked for help with her phone. He was regretful and afraid she wouldn’t help him. But he decided to have a try.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
“Grandma,” he finally said, standing before the kitchen,
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Then, Gina sent Josh’s homework assignment to his computer.
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