固原2024-2025学年第一学期期末教学质量检测试题(卷)高三英语

1、Afterwards, Einstein had to flee Germany, ________ Hitler was in power.

A．when

B．that

C．which

D．where

2、Vegetables like tomatoes ______rich vitamins. They are good for our health.

A. include   B. cover

C. exist   D. contain

3、________ surprised me most was the news ________ our team won.

A．That; that

B．What; which

C．What; that

D．That; which

4、They had been childless for many years, so when a little girl was born in the family, the parents couldn’t help showing great ________ to her.

A. devotion   B. affection

C. appreciation   D. admiration

5、 a smiling or sad face added to a post, your reader can "see" your facial expression.

A.When B.With C.As D.By

6、Firstborn children __________more readily with parental authority because, among other things, they are often put in charge of younger brothers or sisters.

A.identify B.recognize C.observe D.value

7、In spite of his own safety, the boy,   , jumped into the river to save the girl in the water.

A．risked to be drowned B．risked drowning

C．risking to be drowned D．risking drowning

8、About _________of the land _________covered with trees and grass.

A．three fifths; is

B．three fifths; are

C．three fifth; are

D．three fifth; is

9、Stop putting more food inside! The fridge is already ________to bursting.

A．staffed

B．stuffed

C．slipped

D．struggled

10、The question is ______ the disease can be controlled next year.

A．that

B．whether

C．where

D．what

11、Small and distant from cities ________ my hometown is, there is always something different to catch your eyes.

A. though   B. even if   C. however   D. while

12、--- Are you happy now?

--- If only I _____ slimmer, more beautiful, richer, more clever.

A.am B.were C.had been D.should be

13、She   down her book and   in bed.

A.lay; laid B.laid; lay

C.lay; lay D.laid; laid

14、In front of the river _________ a small house, _________ lived a beautiful fairy.

A．lies; which

B．lied; where

C．lay; where

D．lay; that

15、Eventually, he regretted ______ school and decided to go back.

A.being left B.left C.to leave D.having left

16、The police chief stood trial(审判) in New York on Tuesday, charged with ________ of power.

A．abuse

B．absence

C．agenda

D．advantage

17、As the busiest woman in the village, Huang Wenxiu made ________ her duty to look after all the other people’s affairs in that village.

A．this

B．that

C．it

D．one

18、"It's such a nice place," Mother said as she sat at the table______ for customers.

A．to be reserved

B．having reserved

C．reserving

D．reserved

19、Jack is late again. It is ______ of him to keep others waiting.

A. punctual   B. considerate C. dynamic   D. typical

20、I always had doubts   he would be the best man for the job , but now I don’t doubt   he can do it.

A. whether; whether   B. that ; if

C. if; whether     D. whether; that

21、Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remains ______whether they will enjoy it.

A．to see

B．seeing

C．seen

D．to be seen

22、Small sailboats can easily turn over in the water ________.

A.if not managed carefully B.if are not managed carefully

C.unless not managed carefully D.unless are not managed carefully

23、Every year I usually subscribe ________ some magazines for my daughter to read.

A．to    B．for    C．at      D．in

24、—Why didn’t you buy the gold ring?

—I ______ but I didn’t have the money.

A．would have

B．bought

C．would like to

D．had bought

25、I kept ______ the incident, asking myself again and again how it could have happened.

A. chewing on   B. sticking to

C. referring to   D. relying on

26、根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

The Effects of a Warmer World Are Visible in Animals’ Bodies

For humans, adapting to climate change will mostly be a matter of technology. More air conditioning, better-designed houses and bigger flood defences may help mitigate the effects of a warm world. 【1】 In a paper published in Trends in Ecology & Evolution, a team led by Sara

Ryding, a phd candidate at Deakin University, in Australia, shows that is already happening. Climate change is already altering the bodies of many animal species, giving them bigger beaks, limbs and ears. In some species of Australian parrot, for instance, beak size has increased by between 4 % and 10 % since 1871.

All that dovetails (吻合)nicely with evolutionary theory. “Allen’s rule”, named for Joel Asaph Allen, who suggested it in 1877, holds that warm-blooded-animals in hot places tend to have larger appendages (附属物) than those in less hot regions.【2】 For example, Fennec foxes, which are native to the Sahara desert, have strikingly large ears, especially compared with their Arctic cousins.

Ms Ryding examined museum specimens, comparing their bodies to those of their modern counterparts. She is not the first researcher to take that approach. 【3】 All sorts of other factors, from changes in prey to the evolving reproductive preferences of males or females, might possibly have been driving the changes. Her team combined data from different species in different places.Since they have little in common apart from living on a warming planet, she says, climate change is the most reasonable explanation.

【4】 Researchers have already seen changes in the geographical range of many species, from insects to fish. Another evolutionary rule-of-thumb, Bergmann’s rule, holds that animals in hotter places tend to have smaller bodies, another way to boost the ratio between surface area and volume. Other animals may alter their behaviour as well as their bodies, such as by seeking shelter at hot times of the day.

Studying a broader range of animals will help firm up exactly what is happening. Much of Ms Ryding’s data concern birds, with less information available for other taxa (类群). But it seems clear that the world of the future is not just going to be hotter than humans are used to.【5】

A．And there are other ways to adapt, too.

B．The animals living in it will look different, too.

C．Larger wings are heavier, and bigger legs cost more energy to grow.

D．Animals will have to rely on changing their bodies or their behaviour.

E．But it is hard to prove that climate change was the cause of an anatomical (结构上的) change.

F．Since any evolutionary adaptation comes with trade-offs, it is unclear how far the process might go.

G．Such adaptations boost an animal's surface area relative to its body volume, helping it to shed excess heat.

27、Each post on Twitter or Tweet to this online social network can run no more than 140 characters. Explaining a scientific concept in only 140 characters can be almost impossible.

Ryan Becker teaches physical science. He didn’t discover Twitter until 2011, when he attended a technology conference with a part on using the network to connect with other teachers. “I knew nothing about Twitter or Facebook, ” he recalls. “But the description sounded interesting. ”

Becker soon realized that he didn’t want to limit Twitter to teachers interacting with other educators. “I thought, ‘Why can’t kids realize all of these uses? ’” And to find out, he began including Twitter into his classes.

Becker’s school provides all of its students with netbooks. Becker let the kids set up Twitter accounts. For kids who do get accounts, Becker makes sure those accounts are protected. By that he means each student has to approve all followers, and his or her tweets will not be available to people outside that protected-follower list.

Once his class had signed up, Becker had them Tweet during class time. He used Twitter himself to share science videos and articles with his students as he ran across them—things he might not have had time to load and share during class periods.

“One of my big reasons for using Twitter is that I try to get students to connect science to their own lives. ” he says.

Becker stresses that his use of Twitter is only in the classroom. “Usually if I’m asking them to use it. I’m giving them time in class, ” he notes. “It’s not meant to supplant(代替) classroom learning. It’s meant to complement and extend it. ”

But teachers will need to be careful that the students who use Twitter in class don’t have their horizons expanded too broadly, says DeRosier. If inappropriate things end up filling students’ feeds, the teachers may pay the price, she warns, because “When things go wrong on the Internet, they go catastrophically wrong. ” She recalls the case of a high school teacher who was being filmed using Twitter with his class.

【1】What role does Becker’s Twitter play in his class?

A．To connect with his students easily.

B．To engage students in meaningful science.

C．To explain scientific concepts briefly.

D．To replace classroom learning with Twitter.

【2】How did Becker protect his students’ Twitter accounts?

A．They accept their parents as followers.

B．Their tweets are open to all followers.

C．All students but others follow their tweets.

D．They can tweet only 140 characters.

【3】What can we infer from what DeRosier said?

A．Teachers should mind the content on Twitter.

B．Teachers will pay for the cost of using Twitter.

C．Teachers shouldn’t film students with Twitter.

D．Teachers need to end students' feeds suitably.

【4】What is the best title for the text?

A．Students learn about Twitter at class.

B．Twitter comes into the life of students.

C．Science is easily spread on Twitter.

D．A teacher invites Twitter into classroom.

28、Tim Cook gets up at 3:45 a.m. Pepsi CEO Indra Nooyi gets up at 4 a.m. Disney CEO Bob Iger is a 4:30 kind of guy. Jack Dorsey sleeps in until 5:30. So does my buddy Richard Branson. Rarely do night owls get good press. Because successful people wake up early. Well, at least some of them do.

As Adam Grant says, “The world’s most successful people aren’t worried about what time others wake up. They wake and work on the schedule that works for them.” 【1】 While you might think becoming an early bird is a simple matter of willpower and persistence, research shows that whether you’re an early riser or a night owl is predominately（主要地）biological. 【2】 They are night owls.

While studies show that morning people tend to be more persistent, self-directed and tend to be better planners, night owls tend to perform better on tests that measure memory, processing speed and cognitive ability. 【3】 And, strange enough, they tend to be a little more financially successful.

So if you want to set higher goals for yourself, should you try to become a morning person? Or if you want to be more open to new experiences, should you try to become a night owl? Nope. 【4】 Relationship isn’t causation（因果关系）. Successful people who are early risers aren’t necessarily successful as a result of waking up early. They’re successful because they’ve matched their body clocks to their schedules.

When you start working doesn’t matter. What matters is what you get done in the hours between when you stop and start working. Success is all about what you accomplish. 【5】

A．Science agrees.

B．They tend to be more creative.

C．It’s not the time of day you accomplish it.

D．In short, they didn’t decide to be night owls.

E．If you aren’t a morning person, stop trying to be one.

F．You should be who you are and stop trying to be something you’re not.

G．However, success is about what you accomplish, not when you accomplish it.

29、Coffee is an important part of Italian culture and since arriving here over six months ago, I have drunk a lot of it!

Of course, coffee is also very popular in the UK but coffee culture in Italy is a completely different story. In Italy, when you order a coffee in a café or bar, you are served with a tiny, bitter espresso. This is “normal coffee” for Italians and they are not so interested in the huge coffees that we drink in the UK. If you want more than one sip(小口)of coffee in Italy, lungo is a good choice. It is espresso with a little more water added, but still served in a small cup. In addition, while takeaway coffee is quite popular among Brits, it is not very common at all in Italy. Generally, Italians prefer to drink their tiny coffees while standing at the bar and, for many, this short break is an important part of their day.

Usually, breakfast in a bar in Italy includes a coffee and a pastry(酥皮糕点). I have been spoiled for choice with lovely cafés in the Italian town I’m living in. These cafés sell different kinds of mouth-watering pastries — either plain(无馅料的)or filled with cream, chocolate, etc. — as well as delicious coffee. Cappuccinos are very popular at breakfast time and, for me, a creamy cappuccino and a pastry with chocolate is the perfect way to start the day.

Finally, I have found that coffee in Italy is so much cheaper than coffee in the UK. Normally, an espresso or a macchiato (an espresso with a drop of milk) costs around a euro and a cappuccino about1.50!They are small, of course, but this means that in Italy it is possible to go out for coffee every day without breaking the bank.

【1】How is Paragraph 2 mainly developed?

A．By time.

B．By space.

C．By example.

D．By comparison.

【2】Which coffee will you get in Italy if you order one without special instructions?

A．Lungo.

B．Cappuccino.

C．Espresso.

D．Macchiato.

【3】What can we learn about the coffee culture in Italy?

A．Takeaway coffee is very popular among Italians.

B．Coffees are often served along with pastries during breakfasts.

C．Italians like to take short breaks from work for coffee.

D．Italians are very often seen drinking huge coffees.

【4】What does the author think of Italian coffee?

A．She loves its bitter taste.

B．It is too expensive for her.

C．The cup is too small.

D．It is a good choice for breakfast.

30、   I’ve never thought that a fundraiser could have had such a huge influence on my life. Back in 5th grade, our school announced a fundraiser and each class would get a box to fill it up with small _______. To make my class to come to the first place in the fundraiser, I took two fifty-dollar bills _______ to school and tossed them into the box.

Two weeks later, my parents asked me about the _______. They said they had discovered the truth and weren’t _______, but I must do something to _______ it.

My dad had the perfect idea in mind. The day _______ Christmas, he took me to St. John’s Hospice in north Philadelphia, and explained to me that we were going to be _______ in the kitchen for several hours, making meals with potatoes and chicken for the 300-400 _______ men that came in each day.

As the lunch began, I thought I could _______ this by playing with my new toys. But ________ the  mealtime went on, I found these men were overjoyed at the ________ food they were receiving, which I couldn’t ________. I considered it a fairly common winter meal.The men’s faces lit up with each portion of food they were given. I realized how poor some people in this world actually are.

I had always heard about giving to the needy, but I never fully ________ it until that day. It was enlightening to see how thankful they were for something I thought was ________. I learned that I didn’t ________ need all the materialistic things I initially desired. On the drive home, my dad ________ McDonald’s for lunch and I immediately answered no. I knew that I didn’t ________ it.

That day I came to know how ________ the feeling is to help people who are really in need. I now return to St John’s Hospice every year, trying to make a ________. This is why I am becoming a doctor, thinking that in the future I will make a difference in people’s lives just like my father ________ on that December 26th.

【1】A.change B.cards C.cloth D.books

【2】A.typically B.seriously C.secretly D.carefully

【3】A.prize B.money C.present D.box

【4】A.angry B.shy C.wise D.calm

【5】A.come up with B.make up for C.look back on D.get back to

【6】A.after B.from C.over D.for

【7】A.eating B.standing C.working D.sleeping

【8】A.upset B.friendless C.disabled D.homeless

【9】A.succeed in B.wait for C.get over D.leave out

【10】A.as B.unless C.although D.since

【11】A.fast B.healthy C.tasty D.simple

【12】A.avoid B.believe C.possess D.remember

【13】A.supported B.accepted C.understood D.imagined

【14】A.cheap B.funny C.useless D.silly

【15】A.usually B.roughly C.merely D.really

【16】A.admitted B.insisted C.suggested D.required

【17】A.doubt B.need C.notice D.gather

【18】A.good B.mature C.similar D.familiar

【19】A.plan B.record C.decision D.difference

【20】A.took B.did C.enjoyed D.promised

31、原文填空(每空只写一词)

Adolescence is a time of growth and development 【1】 you change from a child to an adult. It is also a time of 【2】, as you 【3】 more responsibility 【4】 your decisions and actions. If you look around, you may find some of your friends have a 【5】 favorable view of themselves - they see themselves clearly and are fully 【6】 of their 【7】 and weaknesses while others 【8】 to focus too heavily on their faults, 【9】 their good points. Actually the very way you feel about yourself is called your 【10】.

32、阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

Most people don’t remember how they learn to read and write because it happens to them naturally. Writing just means turning thoughts into words on a page. But it is a completely different story if you are born with Dyslexia, a learning disability which affects skills involved in reading, spelling and writing. Writing is a big challenge for these kids and unfortunately, I was one of them.

When in kindergarten, I was always struggling with my writing. For example, I used to misspell beautiful. Never could I quite remember that the e went before the a. It annoyed my teacher very much for I happened to love using beautiful a lot. If I was going to use the word so much she figured the least I could do was spelling it right. My mom complained that I just didn’t try hard. Every time I got my paper back, I dared not open it because I knew it must be full of red lines and a disappointing “C”.

Two years later, I came to a primary school, still with far satisfying writing. But a new teacher, Mrs. White came to my life. In my eyes, she was very beautiful. She had bright blue eyes, short dark hair, red lips and fair skin, as beautiful as Snow White.

Actually, I don’t remember much about what we learned in her class, but my mother once told me that we used to write articles a lot. And I would bring back what I wrote and she would look at it and see there were so many mistakes, both in grammar and spelling. But there were no red corrections, always a star and sometimes even a “Good”, which would make my heart cry with happiness. I always looked forward to the next writing class. It worried my mother, though, thinking Mrs. White was an irresponsible teacher. So one day when she went in to meet Mrs White for one of those Parent-Teacher meetings, she asked her why she never corrected my mistakes and why she never red-pencilled in the wrong spellings of words or grammatical errors.

注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；

2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Mrs. White smiled and said she didn’t focus on my mistakes.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

I went to her office, asking shyly whether I could attend the writing competition.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________