双鸭山2024-2025学年第一学期期末教学质量检测试题(卷)高三英语

1、 I broke my relationship with John because he always found _______ with me.

A. error   B. mistake   C. fault   D. failure

2、I thought this medicine would make me sleep, but it had the __________ effect.

A.opposed B.opposite C.optional D.optimistic

3、Can you tell me ______ that the 29th Olympic Games will take place?

A. it is when   B. when is it   C. when is   D. when it is

4、More than one doctor _____ involved in the rescue that took place after the earthquake．

A． was   B． is   C． were   D． are

5、The company is putting more money into the building of a new factory _______ the fast growing demand for the products in the market.

A．in response to

B．in return for

C．in case of

D．in charge of

6、While I have only listed two of each, there are ____many other situations that can arise.

A.obviously B.slightly C.immediately D.rarely

7、The telephone _____ three times in the last hour, and each time it _____ for my sister．

A．had rung; was B．has rung; was

C．rang; has been D．has been ringing; is

8、I’d like to thank you for the great   of being addressing this assembly, sharing my opinion of living a low-carbon life.

A. privilege   B. principle

C. possibility   D. presentation

9、Will you see to _____ that my children are taken good care of while I am away?

A．it B．me   C．yourself   D．Them

10、---What bad luck! I had a cut in salary yesterday.

--- _____. I warned you not to be late repeatedly but you ignored it.

A. You asked for it   B. Never mind

C. Take it easy D. By all means

11、Admit it or not, many of us see that higher education equals a diploma, which ______ provides us with opportunities for a better life.

A. in need   B. in return

C. in place D. in turn

12、What do you think________to make himself________?

A.Bob will say,believe B.will Bob say, believe

C.Bob will say, believed D.will Bob say, believed

13、I expect you ______bored with working at the Post Office by this time next year and_______ for a more interesting job.

A．have become; will have looked

B．found; will have planned

C．will have become; will be looking

D．had found; had been planning

14、We attend lectures in the school meeting room at weekend _______ seats more than 800 students.

A． which   B． whose   C． where D． it

15、While visiting another online bookstore, I found that most of the books in it were the same as _____ in the first one.

A.any B.ones C.those D.all

16、Henry killed the dog. I'll ask him why ________.

A．did he do that

B．he had done that

C．he did

D．he has done so

17、This medicine is quite beneficial to your recovery after the operation, ________ you take it as told.

A. unless   B. providing   C. considering      D. since

18、The boy ________ to clean the window again.

A．were made

B．are made

C．was made

D．made

19、The film X—Men Ⅲ______ to be another big box office draw next year．

A．has promised  B．is promising

C．will promise  D．Promises

20、Lucy has ________ all the goals she set for herself in high school and is ready for new challenges at university.

A. acquired   B. finished   C. concluded     D. achieved

21、About a million years ago a small mutation (突变) might have unlocked a big advantage for ancient humans. A recent study in Science Advances suggests that a variant of a critical stretch of DNA called the growth hormone receptor (激素受体) gene protected against starvation—in part by limiting individuals’ body size during periods of resource scarcity.

Previous research had linked the variant, called GHRd3, to characteristics such as smaller birth size and earlier sexual maturity, as well as other qualities that can benefit organisms when food is scarce, says the study’s lead author Omer Gokcumen from the University at Buffalo. Still, researchers wanted to know more precisely what role the mutation played in human evolution.

To dig deeper, Gokcumen and his colleagues turned to mice. Or rather they turned some mice into analogues (类似物) of early humans. Using the genetic editing tool CRISPR-Cas9, the team deleted a section of mice’s growth hormone receptor gene so it resembled the GHRd3 variant. The modified mice were not especially different from ordinary ones when fed a regular diet. But when fed very little, the male carriers grew up to be smaller than their unmodified counterparts. Gokcumen’s team also found that among a group of 176 modern human children who survived malnutrition, symptoms were less severe in boys and girls with GHRd3.

These findings could help explain why GHRd3 has persisted for so long. Perhaps it paid to be small in times of scarcity, the researchers suppose—but in times of abundance large size won out.   Changes in available resources could then have balanced the costs and benefits of different variants within a population. “It’s a trade-off,” Gokcumen says. “I would probably fare better than Arnold Schwarzenegger if we each had 1,000 calories a day.”

The team’s explanation is “plausible”, says Megan Dennis, a geneticist at the University of California, who was not part of the study. She praises the functional experiments in mice but notes that the affected gene is involved in so many fundamental processes that it is difficult to pin down GHRd3’s most adaptive effects. “I was like, ‘Wow, there’s so much that could be happening here,’” Dennis says.

【1】What can we learn about GHRd3?

A．It may decline as a result of resource limitations.

B．It performs its function when animals’ size is small.

C．It can be modified to limit animals’ size to fight starvation.

D．It is a shortened version of the growth hormone receptor gene.

【2】Which of the following statements might Gokcumen’s team agree with?

A．When there is little food, it pays to be small.

B．When food is insufficient, GHRd3 won’t work.

C．When you go on a diet, GHRd3 can be harmful.

D．When humans fight for resources, their size matters.

【3】What does the underlined word “plausible” mean in the last paragraph?

A．Statistically incredible.

B．Relatively conventional.

C．Technically adequate.

D．Seemingly reasonable.

【4】Which of the following could be the best title of this text?

A．How Ancient Humans Survived Starvation

B．Gene Variant Saves Humans from Starvation

C．What Role GHRd3 Plays in Human Evolution

D．The Influence of Resource Shortage on GHRd3

22、My phone is showing that little red low-battery bar, so I need to plug it in immediately or else lose my connection. What if I didn’t recharge — no, that would stress me out. 【1】

The 2022 American Psychological Association annual survey on stress showed a similar flashing red alert: More than a quarter of US adults are feeling overwhelmed by stress — paralyzed, even numb. 【2】 No wonder we are commonly fatigued (疲惫的).

A study suggests that when people are under chronic stress for years, our mitochondrial enzymes (线粒体酶) weaken and our cells become prematurely aged. 【3】 Here are a few ways to create that positivity and tame the beast of chronic stress.

【4】 We can shape our environments to protect us from constant red alerts. Our attention is attracted to threatening information, as our screens so frequently deliver. To protect your precious attention and energy stores, turn off unnecessary alerts on your devices. Create spacious breaks within the day to unplug and focus on something restorative. Shift your attention to being present, to what you can feel grateful for and to connection with others. 

Immerse yourself in green. Being in crowded and busy places sends our bodies signals of danger. 【5】 Thus we can recharge our batteries with green space time — seek a park or gardens for sensory immersion that signals safety to our bodies.

The bottom line is that we can break our daily stress habits and create more energy. We can feel ease and balance by letting go of unconscious stress. Life is short. It’s even shorter while living on half a battery.

A．Redirect attention from threats to sources of joy.

B．Relieve yourself from tough work.

C．Stress uses a tremendous amount of energy.

D．Shift your environment according to your preference.

E．Nature facilitates the opposite, calming our minds.

F．But what if, besides recharging my phone, I took a few minutes to recharge myself?

G．The good news is, when we feel positive emotions daily, our mitochondria speed up instead, producing lots of energy.

23、This year’s flu season is shaping up to be a bad one. The new type of flu virus is more severe than most. In addition many people find the vaccine this year to be less effective, and others are wondering if they should still get a flu shot. The answer is yes.

Each summer, scientists try to make a best guess on which variants (变体) are going to be more common in the coming year. They look at data from other countries, and then they make the shot to match.

Sometimes a vaccine doesn’t work well because some variants change too much. That’s why in any year, even when you’re vaccinated, you can get the flu. The shot is about reducing your risk, not getting rid of it.

“Less” and “more” effective are relative terms, so we need to focus more on absolute risks. In 2010, researchers published an in-depth analysis of all flu shot studies. They showed that when a vaccine was considered effective, 1.2% of vaccinated people had the flu, while 3.9% of unvaccinated people had the flu. That’s an absolute risk reduction (ARR) of 2.7 percentage points. In studies in which the flu shot was considered ineffective, 1.1% of vaccinated people had the flu compared with 2.4% of unvaccinated people. The ARR was 1.3% points.

Let’s say this year’s flu vaccine is even worse than we think. Maybe the ARR will be as low as 1 percentage point. That’s still not that bad. Given the millions who are likely to suffer from flu and the thousands of deaths each year, this is a big payoff in public health. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) says that 9 million to 36 million people become ill with the flu each year in the United States. Somewhere between 140,000 and 710,000 of them require hospitalization, and 12,000 to 56,000 die each year.

No vaccine is perfectly protective in any year. But to minimize your chances of illness, yes, you should still get the flu shot this year, and any year.

【1】What is the paragraph2 mainly about?

A．Why some vaccines are ineffective.

B．Why people should get vaccines.

C．How a new vaccine is developed.

D．How people survive flu in summer.

【2】What can the ARR tell us according to the text?

A．How dangerous flu could be.

B．The risk of a vaccine.

C．How flu spreads.

D．The effectiveness of a flu vaccine.

【3】Why does the author provide the CDC’s figures?

A．To show many people suffer from serious diseases each year.

B．To show flu vaccines are sometimes ineffective.

C．To show flu is a major cause of human death.

D．To show vaccines can still save many people.

【4】What is the main purpose of the text?

A．To report a threatening type of flu virus.

B．To persuade people to receive flu vaccines.

C．To explain the spread of flu viruses.

D．To give an introduction to this year’s vaccine.

24、“Hi, Mrs. Grady,” said Mark when their neighbor opened her door. “Would you like us to shovel（铲） your sidewalk and driveway?” Shoveling was Jamie’s idea, a way to earn enough money for the new Ocean Kingdom video game that came out the next day.

Mrs. Grady was happy, “That would be wonderful, boys. I think the job is getting to be too much for me.”

“It will cost 10 dollars,” Jamie said. “If that’s OK,” Mark added.

“Oh dear,” Mrs. Grady said disappointedly, “I haven’t been able to get to the bank. I can offer homemade cookies, but I realize that’s not what you had in mind.”

Mark was going to say that Mrs. Grady could pay them another time, but Jamie cut him off. “We’ll come back later.”

Mrs. Grady doesn’t look like the person who’d come to Mark’s rescue last summer when Mr. Dunn’s dog Goldie had just wanted to play, but Mark didn’t feel comfortable around big dogs. He wanted to call for help, but his tongue seemed locked behind his teeth. Then Mrs. Grady’s front door had flown open. She must have seen him from across the street. “Hold on, Mark. I’m coming!”  “Goldie” she’d called. As soon as Goldie had turned her head, Mrs. Grady had slipped between Mark and the dog. She wasn’t much taller than Mark, but she’d stood firm as a rock in front of him. “Goldie, go home!” Then she’d swept her broom to hurry the dog along. “Get!” Goldie had obeyed.

When Mark showed thanks to Mrs. Grady, Mrs. Grady laughed. “It was nothing. Good neighbors watch out for each other, don’t they?”

And now Mrs. Grady needed Mark as much as he’d needed her last summer. He smiled and waved at Mrs. Grady, then his shovel deep into the snow.

“Hey!” Jamie shouted. “What are you doing?” Mark couldn’t explain about Goldie and watching out for neighbors. “I like Mrs. Grady’s cookies,” he said.

【1】Why did Jamie and Mark plan to clear the snow for Mrs. Grady at first?

A. To help the lady.   B. To visit New Kingdom.

C. To do volunteer work.   D. To earn pocket money.

【2】Mrs. Grady couldn’t pay them most probably because ________.

A. she didn’t have enough cash   B. she couldn’t find the bank

C. she thought it was worthless   D. she couldn’t afford it

【3】According to the story, which of the following words can be used to describe Mrs. Grady best?

A. Greedy.   B. Hopeful.

C. Hardworking.   D. Helpful.

【4】Which of the following proverb can best summarize the story?

A. A penny saved is a penny earned.   B. Kindness is repaid with kindness.

C. Birds of a feather flock together.   D. Actions speak louder than words.

25、One late summer afternoon, Edward, a teenager, hung out with his friends. They swam in the _________ after a long day at school. They had water fights, swimming races, and _________ themselves.

Just as the _________ went down, when Edward was about to go home, his friend _________ him to go and swim in the deeper end of the pond. Edward knew some _________ facts about it. It had many different types of algae (藻类) and _________ water currents. Several people had _________ there as some rumors (谣言) said. Edward was wondering what to do next when other friends also dared him to _________ there.

Edward was about to say _________, but his friend said that he would give him something __________ if he did it. Edward declined the deal __________ and was ready to, home, but then the rest of his friends were chanting (反复喊), “SWIM, SWIM” Edward __________ candy, even a tiny one would make him very __________. Also, he didn’t want to be __________ in front of his friends. So he went into the deeper end. But as soon as he did this, he started __________. Edward could swim, but not that well. He yelled, “HELP” His friends tried to come and __________ him, but they were too far away. Just when Edward’s life seemed almost over, a worker cleaning up the pond area came to his __________. He pulled Edward out of the pond by his shoulder. And he __________ Edward for attempting such a stupid dare.

Edward said he would never forget the __________ and that he would keep in mind that although swimming is fun, __________ comes first.

【1】

A．river

B．lake

C．pond

D．sea

【2】

A．lost

B．enjoyed

C．helped

D．applied

【3】

A．wind

B．star

C．moon

D．sun

【4】

A．opposed

B．ordered

C．dared

D．persuaded

【5】

A．worrying

B．exciting

C．disappointing

D．confusing

【6】

A．fine

B．unusual

C．small

D．unimportant

【7】

A．lived

B．traveled

C．swam

D．died

【8】

A．walk

B．swim

C．run

D．drive

【9】

A．no

B．hello

C．thanks

D．sorry

【10】

A．cheap

B．beautiful

C．long

D．sweet

【11】

A．carefully

B．immediately

C．easily

D．essentially

【12】

A．loved

B．bought

C．made

D．sold

【13】

A．surprised

B．puzzled

C．happy

D．angry

【14】

A．mouth-watering

B．hard-working

C．underdog

D．scaredy-cat

【15】

A．running

B．laughing

C．drowning

D．crying

【16】

A．excuse

B．save

C．support

D．defeat

【17】

A．rescue

B．home

C．school

D．friend

【18】

A．praised

B．sympathized

C．scolded

D．forgave

【19】

A．lesson

B．word

C．knowledge

D．information

【20】

A．instruction

B．skill

C．progress

D．safety

26、假如你是晨光中学学生李华。因担心同学们浏览不健康的网站，学校关闭了电脑教室的上网功能，同学们感到很郁闷。请你用英语给校长写一封建议信。内容包括:

1.无法上网给学生带来的不便；

2.网络的必要性(帮助解决学习难题、获取最新消息……)

3.发表你的看法。

注意:

1.词数不少于100词；

2. 开头已给出，不计入总词数；

3.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

参考词汇:不便的；inconvenient

Dear headmaster,

I’m writing to request you to allow us to surf the Internet in the computer classroom.

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours,

Li Hua